| Title: | Prevention of air embolism in extracorporeal membrane oxygenation systems : an in vitro study on protection of central venous catheter lumen |
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| Authors: | ID Franco, Danilo (Author)
ID Krašna, Nejc (Author)
ID Novak, Robert (Author)
ID Esposito, Giovanni (Author)
ID Izzo, Raffaele (Author)
ID Bělohlávek, Jan (Author)
ID Noč, Marko (Author)
ID Goslar, Tomaž (Author) |
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| Files: |  PDF - Presentation file, download (1,59 MB)
MD5: 07185AACDAAED668ECAD72C75DF207F6
 URL - Source URL, visit https://www.mdpi.com/1648-9144/60/11/1883
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| Language: | English |
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| Typology: | 1.01 - Original Scientific Article |
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| Organization: |  UKC LJ - Ljubljana University Medical Centre
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| Abstract: | Background and Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the risk and mechanisms of air entry into the extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) circuit through the central venous catheter (CVC) in a veno-venous configuration. The primary goal was to assess the impact of different air volumes on ECMO circuit performance at varying pump speeds. Material and Methods: The study utilized a circuit model to simulate ECMO conditions and evaluate the potential entry points of air, specifically through the unprotected lumen of the CVC. Various interventions, such as the use of a closed three-way stopcock or clave, were implemented to assess their efficacy in preventing air entry. Results: The unprotected lumen of the central venous catheter posed a significant risk for air entry into the ECMO circuit. The introduction of a closed three-way stopcock or clave proved effective in preventing air ingress through the central venous catheter. Auditory cues, such as a distinct hissing sound, served as an early warning sign of air presence in the circuit. The study demonstrated that even small volumes of air, as minimal as 1 mL, could pass through the oxygenator at specific pump speeds, and larger volumes could lead to pump dysfunction. Conclusions: The study identified the unprotected lumen of the central venous catheter as a potential entry point for air into the ECMO circuit. The use of a closed three-way stopcock or one-way valve was found to be a reliable protective measure against air infiltration. Early detection through the observation of a hissing sound in the circuit provided a valuable warning sign. These findings contribute to enhancing the safety and performance of ECMO systems by minimizing the risk of air embolism. |
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| Keywords: | air embolism, complications, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, simulation |
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| Publication status: | Published |
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| Publication version: | Version of Record |
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| Year of publishing: | 2024 |
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| Number of pages: | str. 1-8 |
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| Numbering: | Vol. 60, iss. 11, [article no.] 1883 |
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| PID: | 20.500.12556/DiRROS-30059  |
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| UDC: | 616.1 |
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| ISSN on article: | 1648-9144 |
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| DOI: | 10.3390/medicina60111883 |
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| COBISS.SI-ID: | 241108227 |
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| Note: |
Nasl. z nasl. zaslona;
Opis vira z dne 2. 7. 2025;
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| Publication date in DiRROS: | 12.06.2026 |
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| Views: | 78 |
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| Downloads: | 48 |
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