| Title: | Face recognition characteristics in patients with age-related macular degeneration determined using a virtual reality headset with eye tracking |
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| Authors: | ID Žugelj, Nina (Author)
ID Peterlin, Lara (Author)
ID Muznik, Urša (Author)
ID Klobučar, Pia (Author)
ID Jaki Mekjavić, Polona (Author)
ID Vidović Valentinčič, Nataša (Author)
ID Fakin, Ana (Author) |
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| Files: |  PDF - Presentation file, download (3,72 MB)
MD5: 4BF175332B1161A027011A0E339D2FFA
 URL - Source URL, visit https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/13/2/636
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| Language: | English |
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| Typology: | 1.01 - Original Scientific Article |
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| Organization: |  UKC LJ - Ljubljana University Medical Centre
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| Abstract: | Background and objectives: Face recognition is one of the most serious disabilities of patients with age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Our purpose was to study face recognition using a novel method incorporating virtual reality (VR) and eye tracking. Materials and methods: Eighteen patients with AMD (seven male; median age 83 years; 89% with bilateral advanced AMD) and nineteen healthy controls (five male; median age 68 years) underwent the face recognition test IC FACES (Synthesius, Ljubljna, Slovenia) on a VR headset with built-in eye tracking sensors. Analysis included recognition accuracy, recognition time and fixation patterns. Additionally, a screening test for dementia and imaging with fundus autofluorescence and optical coherence tomography was performed. Results: AMD patients had significantly lower face recognition accuracy (42% vs. 92%; p < 0.001) and longer recognition time (median 4.0 vs. 2.0 s; p < 0.001) in comparison to controls. Both parameters were significantly worse in patients with lower visual acuity. In both groups, eye-tracking data revealed the two classical characteristics of the face recognition process, i.e., fixations clustering mainly in the nose-eyes-mouth triangle and starting observation in the nasal area. Conclusions: The study demonstrates usability of a VR headset with eye tracking for studying visual perception in real-world situations which could be applicable in the design of clinical studies. |
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| Keywords: | AMD, eye tracking, face recognition, fixation, heatmap, virtual reality |
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| Publication status: | Published |
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| Publication version: | Version of Record |
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| Year of publishing: | 2024 |
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| Number of pages: | str. 1-16 |
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| Numbering: | Vol. 13, iss. 2, [article no.] 636 |
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| PID: | 20.500.12556/DiRROS-30002  |
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| UDC: | 617.7 |
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| ISSN on article: | 2077-0383 |
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| DOI: | 10.3390/jcm13020636 |
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| COBISS.SI-ID: | 185697795 |
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| Note: |
Nasl. z nasl. zaslona;
Opis vira z dne 16. 2. 2024;
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| Publication date in DiRROS: | 11.06.2026 |
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| Views: | 179 |
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| Downloads: | 178 |
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