| Title: | Sex differences and performance evaluation in preschool athletic events : a study from the Olympic festival of kindergartens in Croatia |
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| Authors: | ID Cvenić, Josip (Author) |
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| Files: |  PDF - Presentation file, download (425,93 KB)
MD5: E5B3DB1C47C67A2453E064E9025F3968
 URL - Source URL, visit https://ojs.zrs-kp.si/index.php/AK/article/view/535
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| Language: | English |
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| Typology: | 1.01 - Original Scientific Article |
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| Organization: |  ZRS Koper - Science and Research Centre Koper
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| Abstract: | This study examined sex differences in motor performance among preschool children and proposed a preliminary, norm-referenced evaluation scale for selected athletic disci-plines within the Olympic Festival of Kindergartens. The sample consisted of 120 children (60 boys and 60 girls), approximately six years of age, representing the best-performing participants from county-level competitions conducted between 2007 and 2017. Motor performance was assessed in ball throwing, standing long jump, and the 50-m sprint. Sex differences were analysed using the independent samples t-test with effect sizes reported as Cohen’s d. Boys achieved significantly better results in ball throwing (t(118) = 6.51, p < 0.001, d = 1.19) and the 50-m sprint (t(118) = −2.07, p = 0.041, d = −0.38), indica-ting large and small-to-moderate effects, respectively. No significant sex difference was observed in the standing long jump (t(118) = 0.64, p = 0.521, d = 0.12). Comparisons with national datasets revealed similar performance patterns, confirming earlier findings of sex-related differences in explosive strength and speed during early childhood. The proposed five-level evaluation scale, derived from competitive performance distributions, provides a practical assessment framework for use in organized preschool sport settings. Given the selective nature of the sample and the absence of formal psychometric valida-tion, the scale should be considered preliminary and applicable primarily to physically active preschool children participating in competitive events. |
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| Keywords: | preschool children, motor performance, athletics events, sex differences, evaluation scale |
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| Publication status: | Published |
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| Publication version: | Version of Record |
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| Publication date: | 01.01.2025 |
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| Year of publishing: | 2025 |
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| Number of pages: | str. 165-176 |
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| Numbering: | Letn. 16, št. 2 |
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| PID: | 20.500.12556/DiRROS-28122  |
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| UDC: | 796.42-053.4(497.5) |
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| ISSN on article: | 2232-2620 |
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| DOI: | 10.35469/ak.2025.535 |
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| COBISS.SI-ID: | 271144195 |
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| Pub. date in DiRROS: | 10.03.2026 |
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| Views: | 385 |
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| Downloads: | 253 |
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