| Title: | Screen first, vaccinate later : enhancing tuberculosis vaccination safety through newborn immunodeficiency screening |
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| Authors: | ID Nosan, Gregor (Author)
ID Cerkvenik Škafar, Andreja (Author) |
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| Files: |  PDF - Presentation file, download (364,19 KB)
MD5: 6663ECD9C7717E3162F3E6D6065E1DDC
 URL - Source URL, visit https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0264410X25009764
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| Language: | English |
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| Typology: | 1.02 - Review Article |
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| Organization: |  UKC LJ - Ljubljana University Medical Centre
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| Abstract: | Tuberculosis (TB) remains a global health challenge, with around 10 million new cases reported annually and multidrug-resistant strains complicating control efforts. Although incidence has declined in many high-income regions, neonatal populations remain vulnerable, underscoring the continued role of Bacillus Calmette–Guérin (BCG) vaccination. BCG vaccination provides strong protection against severe forms of TB in infancy, though its efficacy against pulmonary disease in adolescents and adults is modest. However, the BCG vaccine carries a risk of disseminated infection in immunocompromised newborns, emphasizing the importance of integrating immunodeficiency screening into vaccination strategies. Slovenia introduced universal newborn screening for inborn errors of immunity (IEI) in 2024 and, in 2025, revised its neonatal BCG vaccination protocol to incorporate screening results before vaccination. Under this approach, blood sampling occurs at ≥48 h, results are available by days 5–7, and BCG is administered between 7 and 14 days of life. This model balances timely TB protection with safety for at-risk infants. The Slovenian experience exemplifies a precision vaccination strategy that integrates real-time immunogenetic data with targeted BCG administration. This approach aligns with World Health Organization goals to modernize TB prevention while awaiting next-generation vaccines and may serve as a guide for other low-incidence countries. |
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| Keywords: | tuberculosis, newborn, vaccination, Bacillus Calmette-Guérin, screening, primary immunodeficiency diseases |
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| Publication status: | Published |
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| Publication version: | Version of Record |
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| Year of publishing: | 2025 |
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| Number of pages: | str. 1-3 |
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| Numbering: | Vol. 64, [article no.] 127679 |
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| PID: | 20.500.12556/DiRROS-24771  |
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| UDC: | 616-053.2 |
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| ISSN on article: | 1873-2518 |
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| DOI: | 10.1016/j.vaccine.2025.127679 |
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| COBISS.SI-ID: | 247612163 |
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| Note: | Nasl. z nasl. zaslona;
Opis vira z dne 4. 9. 2025;
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| Publication date in DiRROS: | 17.12.2025 |
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| Views: | 8 |
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| Downloads: | 6 |
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