| Title: | Influence of particle size on powder velocity distribution at the nozzle outlet in Directed Energy Deposition |
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| Authors: | ID Mede, Tijan (Author)
ID Jeromen, Andrej (Author)
ID Govekar, Edvard (Author)
ID Mallon, Michael (Author)
ID Godec, Matjaž (Author) |
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| Files: |  PDF - Presentation file, download (3,42 MB)
MD5: 8BC29BC8BA3B4F75CD96A50C19486245
 URL - Source URL, visit https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0264127525011001
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| Language: | English |
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| Typology: | 1.01 - Original Scientific Article |
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| Organization: |  IMT - Institute of Metals and Technology
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| Abstract: | Metal-based Directed Energy Deposition (DED) is considered one of the variations of additive manufacturing with the highest potential, particularly for space industry and in-orbital manufacturing. The technology however still faces various challenges, many of which can be traced back to poor control and understanding of the powder delivery. Velocity distribution of powder particles at the DED nozzle outlet has a key influence on the results of any predictive model of powder stream and yet remains largely disputed. Certain numerical studies highlighted a possible influence of powder particle size on the velocity condition at the nozzle exit, yet no experimental studies confirmed this effect. The experimental campaign described in this paper quantifies this relation between powder particle size and velocity distribution at the nozzle outlet and a strong decrease of particle speed with particle size is observed. Moreover, smaller particles are observed to travel at speeds higher than the mean carrier gas speed suggesting powder particle segregation within the nozzle as one of the mechanisms driving speed differences at the nozzle outlet. |
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| Keywords: | directed energy deposition, powder stream, boundary conditions, particle velocity distribution |
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| Publication status: | Published |
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| Publication version: | Version of Record |
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| Publication date: | 10.09.2025 |
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| Publisher: | Elsevier |
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| Year of publishing: | 2025 |
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| Number of pages: | str. 1-10 |
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| Numbering: | Vol. 259, [article no.] 114680 |
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| Source: | Materials & Design |
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| PID: | 20.500.12556/DiRROS-23647  |
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| UDC: | 621.791.72 |
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| ISSN on article: | 0264-1275 |
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| DOI: | 10.1016/j.matdes.2025.114680 |
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| COBISS.SI-ID: | 230759683 |
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| Copyright: | © 2025 The Author(s) |
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| Note: | Soavtorji: Andrej Jeromen, Edvard Govekar, Michael Mallon, Matjaž Godec;
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| Publication date in DiRROS: | 19.09.2025 |
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| Views: | 289 |
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| Downloads: | 140 |
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| Metadata: |    |
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