1. Tuning the rheological properties of paraffin-wax ceramic feedstocks for deposition with thermoplastic 3D printingIpeknaz Özden, Milan Vukšić, Matevž Dular, Aljaž Iveković, Andraž Kocjan, 2024, original scientific article Abstract: Droplet deposition with material-jetting methods such as thermoplastic 3D printing (T3DP) depends greatly on the rheological properties of the feedstocks. This study investigated the effect of particle interactions and the degree of weak flocculation on the shear thinning behaviour, the yield stress and the storage/loss moduli of paraffin-wax-based feedstocks containing 40 vol% of zirconia (3Y-TZP) micron-sized powder. Steric stabilization of the feedstocks was provided by varying the ratios of the surfactants with different chain lengths, i.e., stearic acid (2.4 nm) and Solsperse 3000® (10 nm), which in turn affected the dynamics of the droplet formation and the quality of the layers when jetting non-Newtonian, thermoplastic ceramic feedstocks. The results of the study extend the guidelines for the processing of printable feedstocks used in T3DP additive manufacturing.
Keywords: additive manufacturing, material jetting, colloidal processing
Published in DiRROS: 19.12.2025; Views: 675; Downloads: 130
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2. DED-LB manufactured Ti–6Al–4V–4Cu alloy : materials development, characterization, and in vivo biocompatibilityAndrej Jeromen, Anish Nair, Peter Rodič, Denis Sačer, Barbara Kapun, Maša Čater, Ana Brunčić, Katarina Kozlica, Radmila Milačič Ščančar, Andrej Cör, Edvard Govekar, Ingrid Milošev, Simon Horvat, 2025, original scientific article Keywords: Ti–6Al–4V–4Cu alloy, additive manufacturing, laser-based directed energy deposition (DED-LB), microstructure and phase analyses, corrosion, in vivo biocompatibility
Published in DiRROS: 10.11.2025; Views: 289; Downloads: 139
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4. Mechanical properties of 3D printed concrete : a RILEM 304‑ADC interlaboratory study – compressive strength and modulus of elasticityViktor Mechtcherine, Shravan Muthukrishnan, Annika Robens-Radermacher, Rob Wolfs, Jelle Versteege, Costantino Menna, Onur Ozturk, Nilufer Ozyurt, Mateja Štefančič, Lucija Hanžič, 2025, original scientific article Abstract: Traditional construction techniques, such as in-situ casting and pre-cast concrete methods, have well-established testing protocols for assessing compressive strength and modulus of elasticity, including specific procedures for sample preparation and curing. In contrast, 3D concrete printing currently lacks standardized testing protocols, potentially contributing to the inconsistent results reported in previous studies. To address this issue, RILEM TC 304-ADC initiated a comprehensive interlaboratory study on the mechanical properties of 3D printed concrete. This study involves 30 laboratories worldwide, contributing 34 sets of data, with some laboratories testing more than one mix design. The compressive strength and modulus of elasticity were determined under three distinct conditions: Default, where each laboratory printed according to their standard procedure followed by water bath curing; Deviation 1, which involved creating a cold joint by increasing the time interval between printing layers; and Deviation 2, where the standard printing process was used, but the specimens were cured under conditions different from water bath. Some tests were conducted at two different scales based on specimen size—“mortar-scale” and “concrete-scale”—to investigate the size effect on compressive strength. Since the mix design remained identical for both scales, the only variable was the specimen size. This paper reports on the findings from the interlaboratory study, followed by a detailed investigation into the influencing parameters such as extraction location, cold joints, number of interlayers, and curing conditions on the mechanical properties of the printed concrete. As this study includes results from laboratories worldwide, its contribution to the development of relevant standardized testing protocols is critical.
Keywords: additive manufacturing, digital fabrication, hardened concrete, compressive strength, young’s modulus
Published in DiRROS: 11.09.2025; Views: 439; Downloads: 231
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5. Thermal and mechanical properties of in-house-manufactured PLA and PA filaments at high temperatureNabilah Afiqah Mohd Radzuan, Izzat Mat Samudin, M. S. H. Al-Furjan, Abu Bakar Sulong, Farhana Mohd Foudzi, Muhammad Amin Azman, 2025, original scientific article Keywords: polymer composites, additive manufacturing, mechanical properties, finite element analysis
Published in DiRROS: 01.09.2025; Views: 516; Downloads: 231
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6. Comparison of powder-bed fusion, directed-energy deposition and hybrid additive manufacturing of Ti6Al4V components: microstructure, corrosion and mechanical propertiesAleksandra Kocijan, Simon Malej, 2025, original scientific article Keywords: additive manufacturing, Ti6Al4V, microstructure, corrosion, mechanical properties
Published in DiRROS: 10.04.2025; Views: 822; Downloads: 380
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7. Overview of the impacts of additive production techniques on the environment : production of continuous fibers, direct laser sintering of metals and selective laser sintering techniquesBranka Mušič, Barbara Horvat, 2025, published scientific conference contribution Abstract: Additive manufacturing (AM) has experienced significant growth in recent years, emerging as a transformative technology with broad applications across various industries. This review explores the advantages, disadvantages, and environmental impacts of AM, an important area of consideration as this technology continues to gain popularity. By analyzing existing literature, we assess the challenges associated with AM processes, particularly in comparison to traditional manufacturing methods. AM has the greatest potential to contribute to sustainable development by the production of lightweight components and complex industrial products with intricate designs. These products are made with minimal material usage. Consequently, also waste and emissions are reduced, which are significant environmental advantages. Overall, this review highlights the importance of AM as a tool for advancing sustainability in manufacturing and offers valuable insights for Continuous Fiber Fabrication, Direct Metal Laser Sintering, and Selective Laser Sintering techniques to enhance their competitive advantage while reducing their environmental impact.
Keywords: additive manufacturing, 3D print, continuous fiber fabrication, direct metal laser sintering, selective laser sintering, AddCircles
Published in DiRROS: 07.04.2025; Views: 798; Downloads: 366
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8. Recent progress in oxide-dispersion-strengthened (ODS) alloys produced by additive manufacturingPaul J. McGuiness, Irena Paulin, Črtomir Donik, Anna Dobkowska, Jiří Kubásek, Jan Pokorný, Matjaž Godec, 2025, review article Keywords: oxide-dispersion-strengthened alloys, additive manufacturing, recent progress and research
Published in DiRROS: 12.02.2025; Views: 845; Downloads: 449
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9. Establishing benchmark properties for 3D-printed concrete : a study of printability, strength, and durabilityAlise Sapata, Maris Šinka, Genadijs Šahmenko, Lidija Korat Bensa, Lucija Hanžič, Katarina Šter, Sandris Rucevskis, Diana Bajare, Fred P. Bosselman, 2025, original scientific article Abstract: This study investigates the fresh state and hardened state mechanical and durability properties of 3D-printed concrete. The mechanical tests focused on its anisotropic behavior in response to different load orientations. Compressive, flexural, and splitting tensile strengths were evaluated relative to the print layers orientation. Results showed that compressive strength varied significantly, achieving 85% of cast sample strength when the load was applied parallel to the print layers ([u] direction), 71% when the load was applied perpendicular to the print object’s side plane ([v] direction), while only reaching 59% when applied perpendicular to the top plane ([w] direction). Similar trends were observed for flexural strength, with average values reaching 75% of cast sample strength when the load was applied perpendicular to the print layers ([v.u] and [w.u] directions), but decreasing to 53% when the load was applied parallel to print layers ([u.w] direction), underscoring the weaknesses at interlayer interfaces. The splitting tensile strength remained relatively consistent across print orientations, reaching 90% of the cast sample strength. Durability assessment tests revealed that 3D-printed concrete exhibits reduced resistance to environmental factors, particularly at the layer interfaces where the cold joint was formed, which are prone to moisture penetration and crack formation. These findings contribute valuable insights into the mechanical and durability properties of 3D-printed concrete, emphasizing the importance of print orientation and interlayer bonding in its performance. This understanding helps guide the optimal use of 3D-printed elements in real-life applications by aligning load or exposure to environmental factors with the material’s strength and durability characteristics.
Keywords: civil engineering, 3D-printing, concrete, additive manufacturing
Published in DiRROS: 11.02.2025; Views: 2828; Downloads: 537
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10. AISI H13 tool steel - comparison between powder bed fused and classically produced partsSamo Tome, Irena Paulin, Matjaž Godec, 2024, published scientific conference contribution Abstract: AISI H13 Is very commonly used in the hot-work category of steels. Whether it is used as a forging die, a hotcutting tool, or a mold in injection molding or die casting, it is always on the table, as the material of choice. However, its potential has not yet been fully realized. New manufacturing techniques such as additive manufacturing (AM) broaden the horizon of the material’s application, and promise improved performance, through optimized geometry, unobtainable by traditional means, and heightened mechanical properties. One of the more widespread AM processes is Powder Bed Fusion (PBF) where a laser or electron beam constructs the model, by meting a thin coating of metal powder applied to a base plate. By repeatedly applying and melting powder, the end result is a layer-by-layer produced part. However, the techniques for producing such parts are not yet refined enough and require further research. Problems like porosities, part deflection, and crack formation due to residual stress are commonplace, while comparably low mechanical properties in the asprocessed state call for post-production treatments. Naturally, every technique has its boons and drawbacks, and that is what this work aims to analyze - How do the PBF parts compare to classically produced ones, and what are the difficulties in producing the later-mentioned parts.
Keywords: powder bed fusion, tool steel, additive manufacturing, mechanical properties
Published in DiRROS: 16.01.2025; Views: 1186; Downloads: 529
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