461. B-IMPACT project : eco-friendly and non-hazardous coatings for the protection of outdoor bronzesGiulia Masi, Maëlenn Aufray, A. Balbo, E. Bernardi, Maria Chiara Bignozzi, Cristina Chiavari, J. Esvan, Nina Gartner, V. Grassi, Claudie Josse, Tadeja Kosec, Carla Martini, Cecilia Monticelli, Luka Škrlep, W. Sperotto, Erika Švara Fabjan, E. Tedesco, F. Zanotto, Luc Robbiola, 2020, published scientific conference contribution Abstract: Application of protective coatings is the most widely used conservation treatment for outdoor bronzes. Eco-friendly and non-hazardous coatings are currently needed for conservation of outdoor bronze monuments. To fulfil this need, the M-ERA.NET European research project B-IMPACT (Bronze-IMproved non-hazardous PAtina CoaTings) aimed at assessing the protectiveness of innovative coatings for historical and modern bronze monuments exposed outdoors.
In this project, two bronze substrates (historical Cu-Sn-Zn-Pb and modern Cu-Si-Mn alloys) were artificially patinated, by acid rain solution using dropping test and by "liver of sulphur" procedure (K2S aqueous solution) to obtain black patina, respectively. Subsequently, the application of several newly developed protective coatings was carried out and their performance was investigated by preliminary electrochemical tests. In the following steps of the work, the assessment of the best-performing coatings was carried out and their performance was compared to Incralac, one of the most widely used protective coatings in conservation practice. A multi-analytical approach was adopted, considering artificial ageing (carried out in representative conditions, including exposure to rain runoff, stagnant rain and UV radiation) and metal release, as well as visual aspect (so as to include aesthetical impact among the coating selection parameters) and morphological and structural evolution of the coated surfaces due to simulated outdoor exposure. Lastly, also the health impact of selected coatings was assessed by occupational hazard tests. The removability and re-applicability of the best-performing coatings were also assessed. The best alternatives to the conventional Incralac exhibited were: (i) fluoroacrylate blended with methacryloxy-propyl-trimethoxy-silane (FA-MS) applied on patinated Cu-Sn-Zn-Pb bronze and (ii) 3-mercapto-propyl-trimethoxysilane (PropS-SH) applied on patinated Cu-Si-Mn bronze.
Keywords: bronze, patina, protective coatings, eco-friendly, corrosion, aging
Published in DiRROS: 01.03.2024; Views: 130; Downloads: 67
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462. The deformation of alkali-activated materials at different curing temperaturesMark Češnovar, Katja Traven, Vilma Ducman, 2020, published scientific conference contribution Abstract: Alkali activation is a chemical process whereby materials rich in aluminosilicate, which dissolves in basic media at room temperature, form binding phases by polycondensation. The alkali- activated materials (AAM) are a promising alternative to binding materials such as cement or other products in civil engineering (van Deventer et al., 2012). This study investigates the early age shrinkage behavior of Slovenian ladle and electric arc furnace slag - based alkali activated materials at different curing temperatures. The dimensions of specimens cured at room temperature and elevated temperatures up to 90 °C were measured over the first 7 hours (every 10 min). The results show that the most shrinkage occurred at the highest temperature, owing to the highest rate of evaporation of liquid content. Loss of mass follows from the drying shrinkage.
Keywords: alkali activated materials, shrinkage, compressive strength
Published in DiRROS: 01.03.2024; Views: 113; Downloads: 77
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463. Delavnica Smernice za gospodarjenje z gozdovi na hudourniških območjih v luči nedavnih ujm na Gozdarskem inštitutu SlovenijeUrša Vilhar, Andrej Breznikar, Andreja Gregorič, Gregor Danev, Boris Rantaša, Jaša Saražin, David Štefanič, Jože Papež, 2023, professional article Keywords: gospodarjenje z gozdovi, urejanje hudournikov
Published in DiRROS: 29.02.2024; Views: 185; Downloads: 48
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465. Kompoziti iz skorje: nova gozdarsko-lesarska vrednostna verigaSergej Medved, Grega Vilman, Urban Tajher, Mark Sever, Alan Antonović, 2023, original scientific article Abstract: Skorja je večopravilni (večfunkcijski) material, saj deluje kot zaščita (pred fizikalnimi in mehanskimi poškodbami, pa tudi pred biološko razgradnjo), omogoča transport vode in plinov, občasno pomaga pri fotosintezi in nudi podporo drevesu. Skorje je od 10 % do 20 % celotne mase drevesa, vendar je znaten delež ostane neizkoriščen. Da bi prikazali možnosti rabe skorje za izdelavo različnih kompozitov, smo izdelali in analizirali tri različne kompozite, in sicer lesno-plastični kompozit iz skorje in polietilena, trislojni ploščni kompozit iz skorje, zlepljene z melamin-urea-formaldehidnim lepilom, in enoslojni ploščni kompozit iz vlažnih iveri skorje, zlepljenih s taninskimi lepili.
Keywords: skorja, iveri, lesno plastični kompozit, iverna plošča
Published in DiRROS: 29.02.2024; Views: 178; Downloads: 40
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466. Uredba EUDR – odgovor EU na izzive krčitev in degradacije gozdovMatjaž Dovečar, Špela Ščap, 2023, professional article Abstract: Prispevek predstavlja ključne vidike nove evropske uredbe, imenovane EUDR, in analizira njene posledice za zunanjo trgovino Republike Slovenije. Uredba je bila sprejeta kot odgovor na vedno večje težave glede krčitev in degradacije svetovnih gozdov. EUDR uveljavlja pravila in sistem potrebne skrbnosti za sedem ključnih primarnih proizvodov, ki so odgovorni za največji delež krčitev in degradacije gozdov, in sicer za dajanje na trg v državah članicah Evropske unije (vključno z uvozom iz tretjih držav) ter za izvoz v tretje države. To pomeni široko razširitev v primerjavi z dosedanjo uredbo EUTR, ki je prav tako določala obveznosti gospodarskih subjektov, ki dajejo les in lesne proizvode prvič na trg Evropske unije. Uredba EUDR nalaga nove zadolžitve gospodarskim subjektom in trgovcem, vplivala pa bo tudi na pristojne organe in carinske službe. Zaradi predvidevanja mogočih vplivov začetka izvajanja uredbe se prispevek osredotoča tudi na dve, za Slovenijo ključni kategoriji, in sicer lesni proizvodi in guma, ter predstavlja značilnosti zunanjetrgovinske menjave Slovenije z državami članicami in nečlanicami EU.
Keywords: uredba EUDR, krčenje gozdov, sistem potrebne skrbnosti, zunanja trgovina, tveganje
Published in DiRROS: 29.02.2024; Views: 163; Downloads: 55
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