351. Outcome of small cell lung cancer (SCLC) patients with brain metastases in a routine clinical settingMirko Lekić, Viljem Kovač, Nadja Triller, Lea Knez, Aleksander Sadikov, Tanja Čufer, 2012, original scientific article Abstract: Background. Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) represents approximately 13 tomediansurvival of SCLC patients treated by specific therapy (chemotherapy andžor radiotherapy) with regard to the 18%months in patients treated with standard chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Inpresence or absence of brain metastases at the time of diagnosis. Patients and methods. All SCLC patients have been treated in a routine clinical practice and followed up at theUniversity Clinic Golnik in Slovenia. In the retrospective study the medical files from 2002 to 2007 were review. All patients with cytological or histological confirmed disease and eligible for specific oncological treatment were included in the study. They have been treated according to the guidelines valid at the time. Chemotherapy and regular followed-up were carried out at the University Clinic Golnik and radiotherapy at the Institute of Oncology Ljubljana. Results. We found 251 patients eligible for the study. The median age of them was 65 years, majoritywere male (67%), smokers or ex-smokers (98%), with performance status 0 to 1 (83%). At the time of diagnosis no metastases were found in 64 patients(25.5%) and metastases outside the brain were presented in 153 (61.0%). Brain metastases, confirmedby a CT scan, were present in 34 patients (13.5%), most of them had also metastases at other localisations. (Abstract truncated at 2000 characters)
Keywords: pljuča, rak (medicina), drobnocelični rak, metastaze, možgani
Published in DiRROS: 22.03.2024; Views: 90; Downloads: 36
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352. The development of nuclear medicine in Slovenia and Ljubljana; half a century of nuclear medicine in SloveniaZvonka Zupanič Slavec, Simona Gaberšček, Ksenija Slavec, 2012, review article Abstract: Background. Nuclear medicine began to be developed in the USA after 1938 when radionuclides were introduced into medicine and in Europe after radionuclides began to be produced at the Harwell reactor (England, 1947). Slovenia began its first investigations in the 1950s. This article describes the development of nucleor medicine in Slovenia and Ljubljana. The first nuclear medicine interventions were performed in Slovenia at the Internal Clinic in Ljubljana in the period 1954-1959. ln 1954, Dr Jože Satler started using radioactive iodine for thyroid investigations. In the same year, Dr Bojan Varl, who is considered the pioneer of nuclear medicine in Slovenia, began systematically introducing nuclear medicine. The first radioisotope laboratories were established in January 1960 at the Institute of Oncology and at the Internal Clinic. Under the direction of Dr. Varl, the laboratory at the Internal Clinicdeveloped gradually and in 1973 became the Clinic for Nuclear Medicine with departments for in viva and in vi/ro diagnostics and for the treatment ofinpatients and outpatients at the thyroid department. The Clinic for NuclearMedicine beca me a teaching unit of the Medical Faculty and developed its own post-graduate programme- the first student enrolled in 1972. In the 1960s, radioisotope laboratories opened in the general hospitals of Slovenj Gradec and Celje, and in the I 970s also in Maribor. Izola and Šempeter pri Novi Gorici. Conclusions. Nowadays, nuclear medicine units are modernly equipped and the staff is trained in morphological, functional and laboratory diagnostics in c1inical medicine. They also work on the treatment of cancer, increased thyroid function and other diseases.
Published in DiRROS: 22.03.2024; Views: 106; Downloads: 55
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353. Genetic polymorphisms in homologous recombination repair genes in healthy Slovenian population and their influence on DNA damageKatja Goričar, Nina Erčulj, Maja Zadel, Vita Dolžan, 2012, original scientific article Abstract: Background. Homologous recombination (HR) repair is an important mechanism involved in repairing double-strand breaks in DNA and for maintaining genomic stability. Polymorphisms in genes coding for enzymes involved in this pathway may influence the ca pa city for DNA repair. The aim of this study was to select tag single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in specific genes involved in HR repair, to determine their allele frequencies in a healthy Slovenian population and their influence on DNA damage detected with comet assay. Materials and methods. In total 373 individuals were genotyped for nine tag SNPs in three genes: XRCC3 722C>T, XRCC3 -316A>G, RAD51 -98G>C, RAD51 -61G>T, RAD51 1 522T>G, NBS1 553G>C, NBS1 1197A>G, NBS1 37117C>T and NBS1 3474A>C using competitive allele-specific amplification (KASPar assay). Comet assay was performed in a subgroup of 26 individuals to determine the influence of selected SNPs on DNA damage. Results. We observed that age significantly affected genotype frequencies distribution of XRCC3 -316A>G (P = 0.039) in healthy male blood donors. XRCC3 722C>T (P = 0.005), RAD51 -61G>T IP = 0.023) and NBS1 553G>C (P = 0.008) had a statistically significant influence on DNA damage. Conclusions. XRCC3 722C> T, RAD51 -61 G> T and NBS 1 553G>C polymorphisms significantly affect the repa ir of damaged DNA and may be of clinical importance as they are common in Slovenian population.
Published in DiRROS: 22.03.2024; Views: 113; Downloads: 32
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354. Beta–gamma phase-amplitude coupling as a non-invasive biomarker for Parkinson’s diseas : insights from Electroencephalography studiesTisa Hodnik, Stiven Roytman, Nicolaas I. Bohnen, Uroš Marušič, 2024, review article Abstract: Phase-amplitude coupling (PAC) describes the interaction of two separate frequencies in which the lower frequency phase acts as a carrier frequency of the higher frequency amplitude. It is a means of carrying integrated streams of information between micro- and macroscale systems in the brain, allowing for coordinated activity of separate brain regions. A beta–gamma PAC increase over the sensorimotor cortex has been observed consistently in people with Parkinson’s disease (PD). Its cause is attributed to neural entrainment in the basal ganglia, caused by pathological degeneration characteristic of PD. Disruptions in this phenomenon in PD patients have been observed in the resting state as well as during movement recordings and have reliably distinguished patients from healthy participants. The changes can be detected non-invasively with the electroencephalogram (EEG). They correspond to the severity of the motor symptoms and the medication status of people with PD. Furthermore, a medication-induced decrease in PAC in PD correlates with the alleviation of motor symptoms measured by assessment scales. A beta–gamma PAC increase has, therefore, been explored as a possible means of quantifying motor pathology in PD. The application of this parameter to closed-loop deep brain stimulation could serve as a self-adaptation measure of such treatment, responding to fluctuations of motor symptom severity in PD. Furthermore, phase-dependent stimulation provides a new precise method for modulating PAC increases in the cortex. This review offers a comprehensive synthesis of the current EEG-based evidence on PAC fluctuations in PD, explores the potential practical utility of this biomarker, and provides recommendations for future research.
Keywords: neurodegenerative diseases, Parkinson’s disease, electroencephalography, phase-amplitude coupling
Published in DiRROS: 21.03.2024; Views: 124; Downloads: 62
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355. Human tooth pulp anatomy visualization by 3D magnetic resonance microscopyDušan Šušterčič, Igor Serša, 2012, original scientific article Abstract: Background. Precise assessment of dental pulp anatomy is of an extreme importance for a successful endodontic treatment. As standard radiographs of teeth provide very limited information on dental pulp anatomy, more capable methods are highly appreciated. One of these is 3D magnetic resonance (MR) microscopy of which diagnostic capabilities in terms of a better dental pulp anatomy assessment were evaluated in the study. Materials and methods. Twenty extracted human teeth were scanned on a 2.35 T MRI system for MR microscopy using the 3D spin-echo method that enabled image acquisition with isotropic resolution of 100 m. The 3D images were then post processed by ImageJ program(NIH) to obtain advanced volume rendered views of dental pulps. Results. MR microscopy at 2.35 T provided accurate data on dental pulp anatomyin vitro. The data were presented as a sequence of thin 2D slices through the pulp in various orientations or as volume rendered 3D images reconstructed form arbitrary view-points. Sequential 2D images enabled only anapproximate assessment of the pulp, while volume rendered 3D images were more precise in visualization of pulp anatomy and clearly showed pulp diverticles, number of pulp canals and root canal anastomosis. Conclusions. This in vitro study demonstrated that MR microscopy could provide very accurate 3D visualization of dental pulp anatomy. A possible future application of the method in vivo may be of a great importance for the endodontic treatment.
Published in DiRROS: 21.03.2024; Views: 113; Downloads: 29
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359. Cathepsin X in serum from patients with colorectal cancer: relation to prognosisTjaša Vižin, Ib Jarle Christensen, Hans Jørgen Nielsen, Janko Kos, 2012, original scientific article Abstract: Background. Up-regulation of lysosomal cysteine protease cathepsin X (Cat X) is associated with disorders of the immune system and neurodegenerative diseases, while its role in the development and progression of cancer is less understood. Enhanced secretion of pro-Cat X was observed in malignant processes, and therefore, the level of total serum Cat X rather than the active enzyme may better reflect the tumour status. Patients and methods. Seventy-seven patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) were included in a retrospective study. Blood samples were collected prior to therapy. Using ELISA, the values of total Cat X were measured in serum. Groups of healthy persons (n=77), patients with adenomas (n=77) and patients with non-neoplastic findings (n=77) were included. Results. Significant differences between the group of colorectal patients and the groups of healthy persons, adenoma patients and patients with non-malignant findings could not be shown (p=0.89). Within the group of CRC, higher levels of total Cat X significantly correlated to shorter overall survival (HR=2.08, 95% CI:1.07-4.05, p=0.028). Conclusions. Total serum Cat X could be a useful prognostic indicator for determining survival of patients with CRC. Increased serum levels of total CatX may reflect more aggressive tumour cell phenotypes and suggest the involvement of Cat X in processes involved in later stages of tumour progression.
Keywords: cysteine cathepsins, cathepsin X, colorectal cancer, prognosis, serum biomarker
Published in DiRROS: 21.03.2024; Views: 97; Downloads: 60
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