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1.
Investigations of 6-pane glazing : properties and possibilities
Aleš Kralj, Marija Drev, Matjaž Žnidaršič, Boštjan Černe, Jože Hafner, Bjørn Petter Jelle, 2019, original scientific article

Abstract: Today there is increasing interest and demand for energy savings in the building sector. Windows still represent a weak point in the building envelope with respect to thermal performance due to thermal losses from the interior to the exterior as well as overheating of the interior due to excessive solar radiation from the exterior environment into the interior. However, windows and glazing structures enable the utilisation of daylight and heat from incident solar radiation, while at the same time providing comfort and a view to the outdoor surroundings. Multipane glazing and windows may represent a possible way to lower energy consumption related to heating and cooling. In this study, a multipane glazing structure, more specifically a 6-pane glazing, has been constructed and investigated with regard to various properties and possibilities. The general configuration of the 6-pane glazing is described. Furthermore, properties such as U-value, solar energy transmittance, visible transmittance, solar heat gain coefficient, glass pane temperatures, vapour permeability, economical aspects, and comfort of living, among others, are analysed. Finally, a case study is presented that demonstrates a 50% reduction in the annual energy consumption after renovation with this 6-pane glazing.
Keywords: window, multipane glazing, building, U-value, solar transmittance, temperature
Published in DiRROS: 14.09.2023; Views: 300; Downloads: 133
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2.
Continental-wide population genetics and post-Pleistocene range expansion in field maple (Acer campestre L.), a subdominant temperate broadleaved tree species
Eric Wahlsteen, Evangelia V. Avramidou, Gregor Božič, Rida Mohammed Mediouni, Bernhard Schuldt, Halina Sobolewska, 2023, original scientific article

Abstract: Acer campestre L. is a rarely silviculturally managed and poorly investigated European tree species which forms seminatural populations and can thus be considered as a model tree for studying post glacial colonisation and phylogeography. Herein, we studied the genetic structure of Acer campestre L. in order to investigate population and genetic diversity clines over the distribution range and for synthesizing the results into a post-Pleistocene range expansion hypothesis. We characterised the genetic diversity and population structure of 61 Acer campestre populations using 12 microsatellite markers. The three detected gene pools are structured geographically creating a longitudinal pattern corresponding with their proposed refugial origin. The results indicated a longitudinal population cline with three strong but highly admixed gene pools. Based on the possible signal from the structure results, a number of phylogeographic dispersal hypotheses were tested using approximate Bayesian computation, and this analysis supported the three refugia scenario with a simultaneous divergence prior to the last glacial maximum. Acer campestre shows a typical decrease in population diversity with northern and western distribution and signatures of surfng alleles in the western expansion axis in 2% of the included alleles. Acer campestre exhibits a high degree of admixture among populations and typical signatures of isolation by distance with no naturally delimited subpopulations. The population structure is rather impacted by geographically, than climatologically means with surfng alleles and alleles strongly limited to geographical areas. Our data also suggest that the population structure still today harbours signatures of post glacial migrations from Mediterranean as well as northern glacial refugia.
Keywords: allele surfing, Bayesian inference, glacial refugia, nuclear SSR, sliding window
Published in DiRROS: 07.03.2023; Views: 414; Downloads: 192
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3.
DendroTools : R package for studying linear and nonlinear responses between tree-rings and daily environmental data
Jernej Jevšenak, Tom Levanič, original scientific article

Abstract: We introduce in this paper the dendroTools R package for studying the statistical relationships between tree-ring parameters and daily environmental data. The core function of the package is daily_response(), which works by sliding a moving window through daily environmental data and calculating statistical metrics with one or more tree ring proxies. Possible metrics are correlation coefficient, coefficient of determination and adjusted coeffi- cient of determination. In addition to linear regression, it is possible to use a nonlinear artificial neural network with the Bayesian regularization training algorithm (brnn). dendroTools provides the opportunity to use daily climate data and robust nonlinear functions for the analysis of climate-growth relationships. Models should thus be better adapted to the real (continuous) growth of trees and should gain in predictive capabilities. The dendroTools R package is freely available in the CRAN repository. The functionality of the package is demonstrated on two examples, one using a mean vessel area (MVA) chronology and one a traditional tree-ring width (TRW).
Keywords: dendroclimatology, daily climate data, running window, nonlinear modelling, tree-ring proxies, climate reconstruction
Published in DiRROS: 16.04.2018; Views: 3006; Downloads: 1880
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