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Query: "keywords" (brittle failure) .

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1.
Overstrength in timber engineering : general discussion and proposal for a more reliable and broader application
Reinhard Brandner, Boris Azinović, 2025, original scientific article

Abstract: This review paper explores the concepts of overstrength and ductility as fundamental components of capacity- based design with a focus on timber engineering. It addresses the necessity of implementing overstrength and capacity-based design principles for effectively managing both accidental and characteristic load scenarios. Current approaches define overstrength either within the Load and Resistance Factor Design (LRFD) framework or by means of structural reliability analyses at component level, both with clear limitations in controlling the overall structural reliability and the target failure hierarchy, which is exemplified and demonstrated by a parameter study. In response, a new thematic approach for overstrength factors is proposed, formulated within the structural reliability framework, which enhances the understanding and application of ductility in design. This new methodology is benchmarked against existing approaches, therefore demonstrating its effectiveness. A clear and concise definition of ductility is emphasised as essential for a meaningful application of capacity-based design in clear conjunction with the concept of overstrength. The aim is to create a clear classification of component failure modes either as brittle (non-dissipative, non-ductile) or ductile (and dissipative, i.e. connections which provide also ductility in reverse loadings without severe pinching), which is crucial for reliably achieving a failure hierarchy where ductile failures precede brittle failures. The findings underline the importance of integrating overstrength and ductility into timber engineering practice to improve structural safety and at the same time to achieve resilient designs.
Keywords: overstrength, timber engineering, connections, joints, ductile failure, brittle failure
Published in DiRROS: 14.07.2025; Views: 431; Downloads: 226
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2.
Brittle failure of laterally loaded self-tapping screw connections for cross-laminated timber structures
Boris Azinović, José Manuel Cabrero, Henrik Danielsson, Tomaž Pazlar, 2022, original scientific article

Abstract: The performance of structural timber connections is of utmost importance since they control the global response of the building. A ductile failure mechanism on the global scale is desirable, especially in the design of structures in seismic areas, where dissipative components in which ductile failure modes need to be ensured are considered. Therefore, the knowledge of possible brittle failure modes of connections is crucial. The paper investigates the brittle failures of laterally loaded dowel-type connections in cross-laminated timber subjected to tensile load in a lap joint configuration through experimental investigations and analytical estimations. A set of 13 different test series has been performed with fully threaded self-tapping screws of 8 mm diameter and different lengths (40 to 100 mm) in cross-laminated timber composed of 3 or 5 layers (layer thickness range from 20 to 40 mm), giving rise to the activation of different brittle failure modes at different depths. Plug shear was among the most typically observed failure modes. A previously proposed model for the brittle capacity was applied to the tested connections at the characteristic level. As shown by the performed statistical analysis, the existing model is not reliable and mainly unconservative. A very low performance is observed (CCC = 0.299), but with a good correlation (c = 0.750) for the tests in the parallel direction. Further research work is required to improve the current model predictions and to gain a better understanding of the underlying resisting mechanisms.
Keywords: cross-laminated timber, dowel type fasteners, connections, brittle failure, experimental investigations, self tapping screws, open access
Published in DiRROS: 31.05.2023; Views: 1307; Downloads: 798
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