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1.
Monitoring populacij izbranih ciljnih vrst hroščev v letih 2016 in 2017 : prvo delno poročilo
Al Vrezec, Špela Ambrožič Ergaver, Andrej Kapla, treatise, preliminary study, study

Abstract: V končnem poročilu so predstavljeni rezultati terenskih raziskav štirih varstveno pomembnih vrst hroščev v Sloveniji v letu 2016. Za močvirskega krešiča (Carabus variolosus), rogača (Lucanus cervus), alpskega kozlička (Rosalia alpina) in bukovega kozlička (Morimus funereus) je v Sloveniji že vzpostavljena shema populacijskega in distribucijskega monitoringa. V tem poročilu so podani rezultati popisov populacijskega in distribucijskega monitoringa v letu 2016. V tem letu smo izvedli vzorčenja za populacijski monitoring za močvirskega krešiča (deseto snemanje), rogača (deseto snemanje), alpskega (deveto snemanje) in bukovega kozlička (osmo snemanje) ter vzorčenja za distribucijski monitoring za močvirskega krešiča in rogača (četrto leto v tretjem petletnem ciklusu). Dodatno so glede na najnovejše raziskave podani predlogi izboljšanja sheme monitoringa za rogača in alpskega kozlička. V poročilu so predstavljeni rezultati popisa v letih 2016 in 2017 za dopolnitev strokovnih podlag za puščavnika (Osmoderma eremita) in škrlatnega kukuja (Cucujus cinnaberinus). Za obe vrsti sta podani tudi predlogi sheme monitoringa. V okviru naloge smo opravili pregled vodnega telesa v Spodnjem Krapju in pet vodnih teles ob reki Muri za namene ugotavljanja prisotnosti ovratniškega plavača (Graphoderus bilineatus). Vrsto smo v letu 2017 zopet potrdili ob reki Muri in sicer v Murski šumi, kar je nova lokacija za vrsto v Sloveniji, ne pa tudi v mrtvici pri Spodnjem Krapju, ki je bila do nedavna edina recentna lokaliteta za vrsto pri nas, kjer je bil ovratniški plavač potrjen v letu 2011.
Keywords: hrošči, monitoring, ekologija
Published in DiRROS: 03.09.2024; Views: 100; Downloads: 654
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2.
Monitoring čebel na travniku v parku Tivoli v letu 2022 : končno poročilo
Danilo Bevk, Rok Šturm, Blaž Koderman, 2022, final research report

Abstract: V Sloveniji je bilo do sedaj zabeleženih 573 vrst divjih čebel, vključujoč čmrlje in čebele samotarke. Divje čebele naseljujejo raznolike habitate, pri čemer ekstenzivni travniki igrajo pomembno vlogo pri zagotavljanju prehrane in gnezdišč za večino vrst. Čebele na cvetočih rastlinah nabirajo cvetni prah in medičino za svojo prehrano in prehrano zaroda. Pri tem opravljajo eno ključnih ekosistemskih storitev – opraševanje, tako divjih kot kmetijskih rastlin. Opraševalci so tako pomembni za ohranjanje biotske pestrosti in zagotavljanje prehranske varnosti.
Keywords: opraševalci, čebele, čmrlji, monitoring, park Tivoli, Ljubljana
Published in DiRROS: 02.09.2024; Views: 95; Downloads: 1767
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3.
Load testing of the first stress ribbon bridge in Slovenia
Đorđe Đukić, Doron Hekič, Mirko Kosič, Rok Vezočnik, Andrej Anžlin, Andrej Štrukelj, Marjan Pipenbaher, Tomaž Weingerl, 2024, published scientific conference contribution

Abstract: Paper presents selected results of the diagnostic load testing of a newly-built footbridge in Novo Mesto, Slovenia. The bridge is significant as the first bridge in Slovenia being built with the stress ribbon technology. The diagnostic load testing took place in March 2023 and comprised of three-stage static load testing, dynamic testing with a light truck driving over artificial obstacles, and measurement of ambient vibrations. The consistency between the actual response of the bridge and the response of the finite element (FE) model, used in the design, was evaluated by comparing vertical displacements from the static load testing, natural frequencies and mode shapes. The comparison of the results indicates a satisfactory agreement between the measurements and the response of the FE model, confirming the appropriateness of the employed FE model.
Keywords: bridge, bridge response measurements, stress ribon, load test
Published in DiRROS: 14.08.2024; Views: 151; Downloads: 127
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4.
Predator-prey interactions and eavesdropping in vibrational communication networks
Meta Virant-Doberlet, Ana Kuhelj, Jernej Polajnar, Rok Šturm, 2019, review article

Abstract: Due to human perceptional bias in favor of air-borne sounds, substrate-borne vibrational signaling has been traditionally regarded as a highly specialized, inherently short-range and, consequently, a private communication channel, free from eavesdropping by sexual competitors and predators. In this review, we synthesize current knowledge pertinent to the view that most animals live in a rich vibratory world, where vibrational information is available to unintended receivers. In recent years, we realized that vibrational signaling is one of the oldest and taxonomically most widespread forms of communication by mechanical waves and that receptors detecting substrate vibrations are ubiquitous. In nature, substrate vibrations are reliable source of information readily available to all members of the animal community able to detect them. Viewing vibrational communication in more relevant ecological context reveals that animals relying on substrate vibrations live in complex communication networks. Long evolutionary history of this communication channel is reflected in varied and sophisticated predator-prey interactions guided by substrate-borne vibrations. Eavesdropping and exploitation of vibrational signals used in sexual communication have been so far largely neglected; however, existing studies show that generalist arthropod predators can intercept such signals emitted by insects to obtain information about prey availability and use that information when making foraging decisions. Moreover, males which advertise themselves for longer periods than females and with vibrational signals of higher amplitude face higher predation risk. It is likely that eavesdropping and exploitation of vibrational signals are major drivers in the evolution taking place in the vibratory world and we believe that studies of interspecific interactions guided by substrate vibrations will, in the future, offer numerous opportunities to unravel mechanisms that are central to understanding behavior in general.
Keywords: biotremology, vibrational communication, communication network, predator-prey interactions, eavesdropping
Published in DiRROS: 06.08.2024; Views: 286; Downloads: 301
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5.
Loop-mediated isothermal amplification of specific endoglucanase gene sequence for detection of the bacterial wilt pathogen Ralstonia solanacearum
Rok Lenarčič, Dany Morisset, Manca Pirc, Pablo Llop, Maja Ravnikar, Tanja Dreo, 2014, original scientific article

Abstract: The increased globalization of crops production and processing industries also promotes the side-effects of more rapid and efficient spread of plant pathogens. To prevent the associated economic losses, and particularly those related to bacterial diseases where their management relies on removal of the infected material from production, simple, easy-to-perform, rapid and cost-effective tests are needed. Loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assays that target 16S rRNA, fliC and egl genes were compared and evaluated as on-site applications. The assay with the best performance was that targeted to the egl gene, which shows high analytical specificity for diverse strains of the betaproteobacterium Ralstonia solanacearum, including its non-European and non-race 3 biovar 2 strains. The additional melting curve analysis provides confirmation of the test results. According to our extensive assessment, the egl LAMP assay requires minimum sample preparation (a few minutes of boiling) for the identification of pure cultures and ooze from symptomatic material, and it can also be used in a high-throughput format in the laboratory. This provides sensitive and reliable detection of R. solanacearum strains of different phylotypes.
Keywords: plant pathogens, bacterial diseases
Published in DiRROS: 02.08.2024; Views: 233; Downloads: 96
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Rak neznanega izvora : nas izvor bolezni še zanima
Erika Matos, Snežana Pavlović Djokić, Srdjan Novaković, Marina Čakš, Rok Devjak, Nežka Hribernik, Kaja Cankar, 2024, professional article

Abstract: Rak neznanega izvora (RNI) je opredeljen kot karcinom ali nediferencirana neoplazma, pri kateri z naborom standardnih diagnostičnih postopkov ni mogoče odkriti izvornega mesta bolezni. Tradicionalno RNI delimo v dve podskupini, pri čemer le približno 15 % primerov predstavlja prognostično ugodno skupino. Velika večina bolnikov spada v prognostično neugodno skupino in ima ob prvi prezentaciji obsežno breme bolezni. Možnosti zdravljenja so omejene, izidi bolnikov, zdravljenih z empirično kemoterapijo (KT) s platino ali taksani, pa so še vedno slabi, srednje celokupno preživetje je manj kot 10 mesecev. Za mnoge bolnike ostaja optimalna izbira najboljše možno podporno zdravljenje. Novi pristopi k obravnavi teh bolnikov se zdijo obetavni in so temeljit premik v paradigmi zdravljenja RNI; od zdravljenja, specifičnega za organ/tkivo, k zdravljenju, usmerjenemu na posameznega bolnika, ki temelji na genomskih spremembah njegovega tumorja. Prispevek povzema trenutne dokaze o uporabi vsakega od teh pristopov. Predstavljeno je tudi zdravljenje treh bolnikov z neugodnim RNI.
Keywords: rak neznanega izvora, molekularne značilnosti, biološki označevalci
Published in DiRROS: 26.07.2024; Views: 242; Downloads: 134
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8.
LAMP assay and rapid sample preparation method for on-site detection of flavescence dorée phytoplasma in grapevine
Polona Kogovšek, Jennifer Hodgetts, J. Hall, Nina Prezelj, Petra Nikolić, Nataša Mehle, Rok Lenarčič, Ana Rotter, M. Dickinson, Neil Boonham, Marina Dermastia, Maja Ravnikar, 2015, original scientific article

Abstract: In Europe the most devastating phytoplasma associated with grapevine yellows (GY) diseases is a quarantine pest, flavescence dorée (FDp), from the 16SrV taxonomic group. The on-site detection of FDp with an affordable device would contribute to faster and more efficient decisions on the control measures for FDp. Therefore, a real-time isothermal LAMP assay for detection of FDp was validated according to the EPPO standards and MIQE guidelines. The LAMP assay was shown to be specific and extremely sensitive, because it detected FDp in all leaf samples that were determined to be FDp infected using quantitative real-time PCR. The whole procedure of sample preparation and testing was designed and optimized for on-site detection and can be completed in one hour. The homogenization procedure of the grapevine samples (leaf vein, flower or berry) was optimized to allow direct testing of crude homogenates with the LAMP assay, without the need for DNA extraction, and was shown to be extremely sensitive.
Keywords: flavescence dorée, homogenization, loop-mediated isothermal amplification, on-site application, validation
Published in DiRROS: 26.07.2024; Views: 244; Downloads: 215
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High-quality genome sequence of the radioresistant bacterium Deinococcus ficus KS 0460
Vera Y. Matrosova, Elena K. Gaidamakova, Kira S. Makarova, Olga Grichenko, Polina Klimenkova, Robert P. Volpe, Rok Tkavc, Gözen Ertem, Isabel H. Conze, Evelyne Brambilla, Nina Gunde-Cimerman, Tine Grebenc, Cene Gostinčar, 2017, original scientific article

Abstract: The genetic platforms of Deinococcus species remain the only systems in which massive ionizing radiation (IR)-induced genome damage can be investigated in vivo at exposures commensurate with cellular survival. We report the whole genome sequence of the extremely IR-resistant rod-shaped bacterium Deinococcus ficus KS 0460 and its phenotypic characterization. Deinococcus ficus KS 0460 has been studied since 1987, first under the name Deinobacter grandis, then Deinococcus grandis. The D. ficus KS 0460 genome consists of a 4.019 Mbp sequence (69.7% GC content and 3894 predicted genes) divided into six genome partitions, five of which are confirmed to be circular. Circularity was determined manually by mate pair linkage. Approximately 76% of the predicted proteins contained identifiable Pfam domains and 72% were assigned to COGs. Of all D. ficus KS 0460 proteins, 79% and 70% had homologues in Deinococcus radiodurans ATCC BAA-816 and Deinococcus geothermalis DSM 11300, respectively. The most striking differences between D. ficus KS 0460 and D. radiodurans BAA-816 identified by the comparison of the KEGG pathways were as follows: (i) D. ficus lacks nine enzymes of purine degradation present in D. radiodurans, and (ii) D. ficus contains eight enzymes involved in nitrogen metabolism, including nitrate and nitrite reductases, that D. radiodurans lacks. Moreover, genes previously considered to be important to IR resistance are missing in D. ficus KS 0460, namely, for the Mn-transporter nramp, and proteins DdrF, DdrJ and DdrK, all of which are also missing in Deinococcus deserti. Otherwise, D. ficus KS 0460 exemplifies the Deinococcus lineage.
Keywords: Deinococcus-Thermus, Deinococcaceae, Deinococcus ficus, radiation-resistant, rod-shaped, phenotype characterization, genome analysis, phylogenetic analysis
Published in DiRROS: 25.07.2024; Views: 227; Downloads: 159
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