31. Geographical and temporal diversity of ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma solani' in wine-growing regions in Slovenia and AustriaNataša Mehle, Sanda Kavčič, Sara Mermal, Sara Vidmar, Maruša Pompe Novak, Monika Riedle-Bauer, Günter Brader, Aleš Kladnik, Marina Dermastia, 2022, original scientific article Abstract: As the causal agent of the grapevine yellows disease Bois noir, ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma solani’ has a major economic impact on grapevines. To improve the control of Bois noir, it is critical to understand the very complex epidemiological cycles that involve the multiple “Ca. P. solani” host plants and insect vectors, of which Hyalesthes obsoletus is the most important. In the present study, multiple genotyping of the tuf, secY, stamp, and vmp1 genes was performed. This involved archived grapevine samples that were collected during an official survey of grapevine yellows throughout the wine-growing regions of Slovenia (from 2003 to 2016), plus samples from Austrian grapevines, stinging nettle, field bindweed, and insect samples (collected from 2012 to 2019). The data show that the tuf-b2 type of the tuf gene has been present in eastern Slovenia since at least 2003. The hypotheses that the occurrence of the haplotypes varies due to the geographical position of Slovenia on the Italian–Slovenian Karst divide and that the haplotypes are similar between Slovenian and Austrian Styria were confirmed. The data also show haplotype changes for host plants and H. obsoletus associated with ‘Ca. P. solani,’ which might be linked to new epidemiological cycles of this phytoplasma that involve not just new plant sources and new insect vectors, but also climate and land-use changes.
Keywords: Bois noir, genotyping, ‘Ca. P. solani’, tuf gene, secY, survey, tuf-b2, stamp
Published in DiRROS: 10.06.2022; Views: 809; Downloads: 517
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32. Extending the conversion rate of sulfur infiltrated into microporous carbon in carbonate electrolytesMaría L. Para, Cecilia A. Calderón, Sara Drvarič Talian, Florent Fischer, Guillermina L. Luque, Daniel Barraco, Ezequiel Leiva, Robert Dominko, 2022, original scientific article Published in DiRROS: 10.03.2022; Views: 562; Downloads: 412
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33. Next-generation sequencing to characterize pyrazinamide resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates from two Balkan countriesEva Sodja, Simon Koren, Nataša Toplak, Sara Truden, Marija Žolnir-Dovč, 2021, original scientific article Abstract: Objectives. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) provide a comprehensive analysis of the genetic alterations that are most commonly linked with pyrazinamide (PZA) resistance. There are no studies reporting molecular background of PZA resistance in TB isolates from Balkan Peninsula. We aimed to examine the feasibility of full-length analysis of a gene linked with PZA resistance, pncA, using Ion Torrent technology in comparison to phenotypic BACTEC MGIT 960 DST in clinical TB isolates from two countries of the Balkan Peninsula. Methods. Between 1996 and 2017, we retrospectively selected 61 TB isolates. To identify gene variants related to drug resistance in genomic DNA extracted from TB isolates, AmpliSeq libraries were generated automatically using the AmpliSeq™ Kit for Chef DL8 and the Ion AmpliSeq TB Research Panel. Result.s Of all 61 TB isolates included, 56 TB were phenotypically resistant to any antibiotic. Among them, 38/56 (67.9%) TB isolates were phenotypically resistant to pyrazinamide and pncA mutations were detected in 33/38 cases (86.8%). A mutation in the pncA promoter region was the most prevalent genetic alteration, detected in eight TB isolates. Comparison of NGS to conventional BACTEC MGIT 960 DST revealed very strong agreement (90.2%) between the two methods in identifying PZA resistance, with high sensitivity (89.5%) and specificity (95.7%) for NGS. Conclusions. Detection of PZA resistance using NGS seems to be a valuable tool for surveillance of TB drug resistance also in the Balkan Peninsula, with great potential to provide useful information at least one weak earlier than is possible with phenotypic DST.
Keywords: tuberculosis, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, high-throughput nucleotide sequencing, pyrazinamide, microbial sensitivity tests, next-generation sequencing, drug susceptibility testing, Slovenia, Republic of North Macedonia
Published in DiRROS: 10.01.2022; Views: 901; Downloads: 555
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34. Ocena tveganja za levkemije zaradi nizkofrekvenčnega magnetnega polja pri slovenskih otrocih in mladostnikihTina Žagar, Sonja Tomšič, Sara Korat, Teja Oblak, Vesna Zadnik, 2021, original scientific article Abstract: Izhodišča: Raziskave kažejo, da bi lahko nizkofrekvenčno magnetno polje (NF MP) gostote več kot 0,4 µT povečalo tveganje za nastanek otroških levkemij. Raziskali smo to tveganje zaradi izpostavljenosti NF MP zaradi bivanja v bližini daljnovodov in transformatorskih postaj v Sloveniji.
Metode: Iz Registra raka Republike Slovenije smo pridobili georeferencirane podatke za vse otroke in mladostnike, stare 0–19 let, zbolele z levkemijo v letih 2005–2016, ter za referenčno populacijo vseh enako starih otrok in mladostnikov. Razdelili smo jih v pet skupin glede na izpostavljenost NF MP v okolici daljnovodov in transformatorskih postaj. Za oceno izpostavljenosti NF MP smo uporabili modelirane vrednosti na drobni prostorski mreži. Relativno tveganje za levkemije smo ocenili s standardiziranim količnikom incidence. Dodatno smo raziskali časovni trend pojavljanja levkemij v obdobju 1967–2016 ter geografsko razporejanje.
Rezultati: V letih 1967–2016 je za levkemijami zbolelo 841 otrok in mladostnikov (16 na leto). V letih 2005–2016 je velika večina vseh otrok in mladostnikov (99,5 %) v Sloveniji živela na območjih z NF MP, manjšim od 0,1 μT. Med 195 primeri levkemij se je v 0,1 ≤ NF MP < 0,2 µT blizu daljnovodov razvrstil eden (SKI = 2,4, IZ: 0,1−13,3), v bližini transformatorskih postaj pa pet primerov (SKI = 3,0; IZ: 0,97−7,0). V področju gostote NF MP, večje od 0,2 μT, ni bilo zbolelih. Levkemije se niso statistično značilno geografsko razporejale.
Zaključki: V Sloveniji nobenega primera levkemij med slovenskimi otroci in mladostniki, starimi do vključno 19 let, ki živijo v okolici daljnovodov in transformatorskih postaj, ne moremo pripisati vplivu izpostavljenosti NF MP.
Keywords: ocena tveganja, otroci, levkemije, nizkofrekvenčno magnetno polje, daljnovodi, transformatorske postaje
Published in DiRROS: 14.12.2021; Views: 1001; Downloads: 463
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35. Paradigma : zbornik LDŠNeja Berger, Lucija Ivanuša, Dora Kavčič, Ula Kranjc Kušlan, Marko Miočić, Natali Panič Nardin, Luka Stegne, Sara Svati Sharan, Tjaša Škorjanc, 2021, professional monograph Keywords: univerzitetni študij, študentska problematika, humanistični moment, kritična obravnava
Published in DiRROS: 29.09.2021; Views: 833; Downloads: 171
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36. Ovrednotenje in karakterizacija biomaseDarja Stare, Špela Ščap, Rok Mihelič, Sara Mavsar, Mateja Mešl, Miha Humar, Ilja Gasan Osojnik Črnivec, Nina Barbara Križnik, Blaž Likozar, Primož Oven, Luka Juvančič, 2020, treatise, preliminary study, study Keywords: biogospodarstvo, biomasa, razpoložljivost biomase, izkoriščenost potencialov
Published in DiRROS: 16.03.2021; Views: 1123; Downloads: 490
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