1161. Additions to the taxonomy of the Auriculariales (Basidiomycota) with pedunculate basidiaViacheslav Spirin, Vera Malysheva, Ilya Viner, Renato Lúcio Mendes Alvarenga, Tine Grebenc, Gérald Gruhn, Anton Savchenko, Django Grootmyers, Leif Ryvarden, Josef Vlasák, Karl-Henrik Larsson, R. Henrik Nilsson, 2025, original scientific article Abstract: In the present paper, we revise the taxonomy of the Auriculariales having pedunculate (stalked) basidia. In total, sixteen new species from Europe, East Asia, North and South America, and tropical Africa are described. They are classified among the genera Hydrophana, Mycostilla, Myxarium, Protoacia, Protohydnum, and Protomerulius. In addition, the generic affiliation of eleven extant species is re-established based on phylogenetic and/or morphological evidence. A new genus, Elmericium, is introduced to accommodate a crust-like fungus, E. alabastrinum, from East Asia; phylogenetic data place it in the vicinity of the anatomically similar poroid genera Elmerina and Protodaedalea (Auriculariaceae). The generic description of Protohydnum is amended; in its current scope, the genus encompasses several species formerly assigned to Bourdotia, Ductifera, and Exidiopsis. Available environmental data point to a wider distribution of some Protomerulius spp. and greater species diversity in the genus than currently surmised from physical fungal samples.
Keywords: heterobasidiomycetes, phylogeny, soil sequences, taxonomy
Published in DiRROS: 05.09.2025; Views: 288; Downloads: 120
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1162. Irrigation systems as reservoirs of diverse and pathogenic Pseudomonas syringae strains endangering crop healthMarina Anteljević, Iva Rosić, Olja Medić, Tamara Ranković, Karolina Sunjog, Margareta Kračun-Kolarević, Stoimir Kolarević, Tanja Dreo, Aleksander Benčič, Tanja Berić, 2025, original scientific article Abstract: Pseudomonas syringae (Psy) is a widely distributed bacterial species complex primarily recognized as a foliar pathogen but also inhabits diverse environments, including water habitats, where strains closely related to agricultural pathogens have been identified. The connection between Psy-caused epidemics and its potential presence in nearby irrigation systems remains underexplored. This study comprehensively examined the Psy complex in the Danube-Tisa-Danube Hydrosystem (DTD) in Serbia, assessing its abundance, phylogenetic diversity, and pathogenic potential. To reduce the reliance on the time-consuming steps of isolation and identification, we developed novel high-specific primers and probes for precise detection of strains belonging to phylogroup 2 within Psy complex. Our results demonstrated that dPCR, coupled with highly specific and sensitive primers, outperformed both traditional plating and qPCR in detecting the Psy complex and phylogroup 2 in irrigation waters, making Psy diagnostics more effective. Phylogenetic analysis indicated high strain diversity within the DTD, identifying phylogroups 1, 2, 7, 12, and 13 and haplotypes linked to strains previously encountered in epidemics on sugar beet in Serbia. Notably, 66.67% of the isolates from the DTD were capable of inducing disease. Phylogroup 2 isolates displayed a broad host range, suggesting that the dissemination of Psy from DTD through irrigation, poses a substantial threat to crop health and agricultural productivity.
Keywords: phytopathogen detection, irrigation, qPCR, dPCR
Published in DiRROS: 05.09.2025; Views: 304; Downloads: 124
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1163. Achieving measurement comparability in mercury speciation analysis in seawater : Key requirements and best practicesIgor Živković, Lars-Eric Heimbürger-Boavida, Mariia V. Petrova, Aurélie Dufour, Ermira Begu, Milena Horvat, 2025, original scientific article Abstract: The comparability of measurement results is an important issue in contemporary mercury (Hg) speciation in seawater. Sampling campaigns must be properly designed to determine significant differences on spatial and temporal scales, considering two major parameters: the variability of expected data at a given sampling point/ transect and variability in the results due to the intrinsic properties of specific analytical methods, particularly the measurement uncertainty. This study assessed the required sample size, considering several aspects of data variability when determining total Hg, dissolved gaseous Hg, and methylated Hg species in seawater. The required sample sizes were calculated using (1) the measurement uncertainty of a single-laboratory measurement of analytical methods used; (2) performance of the laboratories in interlaboratory comparison exercises; and (3) natural variability in Hg species/fractions in a selected case study in the Central Adriatic Sea. It was shown that the measurement uncertainty of a particular method and interlaboratory variability among laboratories have significant influence on data interpretation in case natural variability of Hg fractions is relatively small, such as for example the open seawater depth profiles. In contrary, in areas with large natural variability of Hg con tractions, such as coastal and contaminated sites, their influence on data interpretation is negligible. The present paper introduces the importance of proper estimation of measurement uncertainty in international programs, such as GEOTRACES, where data comparability is of fundamental importance to assess temporal and spatial trends of Hg measurements in the marine environment
Published in DiRROS: 05.09.2025; Views: 322; Downloads: 84
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1169. In silico determination of novel SARS-CoV-2 envelope protein ion channel inhibitorsNina Kobe, Lennart Dreisewerd, Matic Pavlin, Polona Kogovšek, Črtomir Podlipnik, Uroš Grošelj, Miha Lukšič, 2025, original scientific article Abstract: The SARS-CoV-2 envelope protein (2-EPRO), a viroporin crucial for viral pathogenesis, is a promising target for antiviral drug development as it is highly conserved and functionally important. Although it is a promising therapeutic target for the treatment of COVID-19, it has often been overlooked in previous studies. In this study, a high-throughput virtual screening of nearly one billion compounds was performed, followed by rigorous filtering and re-docking. Eight best-scoring and chemically versatile lead candidates were identified. In molecular dynamics simulations, three of these ligands showed stable protein-ligand complexes occupying the 2-EPRO channel pore. Among these, ZINC001799167680 (L3) and ZINC001081252239 (L2) exhibited the strongest binding a˙inity, with key interactions at residues ASN15, THR11 and GLU8 identified by Molecular Mechanics Poisson-Boltzmann Surface Area analysis. All ligands were compared with the known inhibitor rimantadine and showed stronger binding to the protein. These in silico results highlight the potential of focusing on the 2-EPRO ion channel in the development of novel COVID-19 therapeutics and pave the way for further in vitro and in vivo studies.
Keywords: SARS-CoV-2 envelope protein, viroporin, ion channel, channel blockers, molecular dynamics simulations, free energy calculations, drug discovery
Published in DiRROS: 05.09.2025; Views: 351; Downloads: 144
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1170. Plasma treatment-promising tool for preparation of disposable monolithic columnsIta Junkar, Gregor Primc, Tanja Lukan, Matic Resnik, Janez Kovač, Andrijana Sever Škapin, Aleš Podgornik, Miran Mozetič, 2015, original scientific article Abstract: Atmospheric pressure plasma jet was employed to improve adhesion between polypropylene (PP) column wall and monolith used in chromatography. Different treatment conditions for modification of PP tube were used and the effects of treatment were analysed with X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). Modified surfaces had higher oxygen content and surface was covered with small grain like structures. To explore effects of modification on adhesion between PP tube and monolith tensile strength measurements were conducted. It was shown that appropriate treatment conditions significantly increased bonding strength. The improvement of adhesion was attributed to increased oxygen functional groups obtained from plasma.
Published in DiRROS: 05.09.2025; Views: 277; Downloads: 122
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