651. Compartment fire dynamics in taller timber buildings : guidance for performance-based fire safety engineeringIan Pope, Antonela Čolić, Chamith Karannagodage, Ahmed Ahmed Ali Awadallah, Andrea Lucherini, 2025, independent scientific component part or a chapter in a monograph Abstract: In comparison to non-combustible construction materials commonly used for taller buildings, timber elements can significantly alter the fire dynamics in a compartment. This fundamentally challenges many of the conventional fire safety strategies and design approaches for mid-rise and high-rise buildings. Consequently, many building industry practitioners are questioning the limitations of existing methodologies, while searching for additional ways to account for this different fire behaviour in the design, construction, and operation of timber buildings. In seeking to address these questions, this chapter describes the state-of-the-art and recent advances in understanding the fire behaviour in compartments with areas of exposed timber (e.g., engineered wood products), and protected timber elements that may contribute to the fire if their encapsulation fails. Relevant experimental findings and engineering approaches to date are summarised and discussed, and design guidance is provided in relation to the typical phases of realistic or ‘natural’ fires, namely the growth phase, the fully-developed phase, the fire decay, and the cooling phase. Critical fire phenomena and their impacts on the fire safety strategy are addressed, such as fire spread; active fire suppression; heat induced delamination and char fall-off; and self-extinguishment.
Keywords: timber, fire dynamics, fire safety, self-extinguishment, heat induced delamination, char fall-off
Published in DiRROS: 18.11.2025; Views: 179; Downloads: 76
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652. Free sugar content in pre-packaged products : does voluntary product reformulation work in practice?Nina Mikec, Maša Hribar, Nataša Fidler Mis, Igor Pravst, 2019, original scientific article Keywords: free sugar, ultra-processed food, food composition, sales data, nutrition label, Slovenia
Published in DiRROS: 18.11.2025; Views: 181; Downloads: 77
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654. Understanding how consumers categorise health related claims on foods : a consumer-derived typology of health-related claimsCharo E. Hodgkins, Bernadette M. Egan, Matthew Peacock, Naomi Klepacz, Krista Miklavec, Igor Pravst, Jurij Pohar, Azucena Gracia, Andrea Groeppel-Klein, Mike Rayner, Monique Raats, 2019, original scientific article Keywords: nutrition claims, health claims, consumer understanding, multiple sort procedure, health claim typology
Published in DiRROS: 18.11.2025; Views: 176; Downloads: 84
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655. Structural fire behaviourFelix Wiesner, Daniel Brandon, Andrea Lucherini, Pedro Palma, 2025, independent scientific component part or a chapter in a monograph Abstract: Fire safety and fire protection objectives require that buildings and parts of buildings do not collapse during a fire. This requires that the load-carrying capacity is maintained to a minimum acceptable level during a fire. This chapter briefly describes the historical background and state of the art of fire resistance and its determination for timber members through testing or calculations. The thermal and mechanical principles that underpin structural behaviour of wood at elevated temperatures are explained in the context of explicit calculation methods that enable explicit evaluation of the structural capacity beyond fire resistance, which is a formalised and codified assessment of structural elements against a standard fire. The importance of connections to the overall structure in fire is explained along with suitable design considerations. Ultimately, knowledge gaps with respect to novel and more complex engineered timber products for taller timber buildings are highlighted alongside potential limitations of established design parameters.
Keywords: fire resistance, fire safety, structures, load-carrying capacity, timber, connections
Published in DiRROS: 18.11.2025; Views: 176; Downloads: 75
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656. Nutrient profiling is needed to improve the nutritional quality of the foods labelled with health-related claimsUrška Pivk Kupirovič, Krista Miklavec, Maša Hribar, Anita Kušar, Katja Žmitek, Igor Pravst, 2019, original scientific article Keywords: food supply, health claim, nutrition claim, nutrient profile, nutrition quality, sales data, Slovenia
Published in DiRROS: 18.11.2025; Views: 190; Downloads: 78
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657. Total and free sugars consumption in a Slovenian population representative sampleNina Mikec, Hristo Hristov, Matej Gregorič, Urška Blaznik, Nataša Delfar, Barbara Koroušić-Seljak, Eric L. Ding, Nataša Fidler Mis, Igor Pravst, 2020, original scientific article Keywords: free sugar, sugar intake, dietary intake, 24-hour recall, nutrition survey, public health, EU Menu, Slovenia
Published in DiRROS: 18.11.2025; Views: 170; Downloads: 73
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658. Nutrihealth study : seasonal variation in vitamin D status among the Slovenian adult and elderly populationMaša Hribar, Hristo Hristov, Matej Gregorič, Urška Blaznik, Katja Zaletel, Adrijana Oblak, Joško Osredkar, Anita Kušar, Katja Žmitek, Irena Rogelj, Igor Pravst, 2020, original scientific article Keywords: 25(OH)vitamin D, biomarkers, dietary survey, public health, EU Menu, Slovenia, Europe
Published in DiRROS: 18.11.2025; Views: 179; Downloads: 121
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660. Comparative bioavailability of different coenzyme Q10 formulations in healthy elderly IndividualsIgor Pravst, Juan Carlos Rodríguez Aguilera, Ana Belen Cortes Rodriguez, Janja Jazbar, Igor Locatelli, Hristo Hristov, Katja Žmitek, 2020, original scientific article Abstract: Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) plays a central role in mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation. Several studies have shown the beneficial effects of dietary CoQ10 supplementation, particularly in relation to cardiovascular health. CoQ10 biosynthesis decreases in the elderly, and consequently, the beneficial effects of dietary supplementation in this population are of greater significance. However, most pharmacokinetic studies have been conducted on younger populations. The aim of this study was to investigate the single-dose bioavailability of different formulations of CoQ10 in a healthy geriatric population. A randomized, three-period, crossover bioavailability study was conducted on 21 healthy older adults (aged 65-74). The treatment was a single dose with a one-week washout period. Three different formulations containing the equivalent of 100 mg of CoQ10 were used: Q10Vital water-soluble CoQ10 syrup (the investigational product-IP); ubiquinol capsules (the comparative product-CP); and ubiquinone capsules (the standard product-SP). Ubiquinone/ubiquinol was followed in the plasma for 48 h. An analysis of the ratio of the area under the baseline-corrected concentration curve (deltaAUC48) for total CoQ10 and a comparison to SP yielded the following: The bioavailability of CoQ10 in the IP was 2.4-fold higher (95% CI: 1.3-4.5; p = 0.002), while the bioavailability of ubiquinol (CP) was not significantly increased (1.7-fold; 95% CI: 0.9%3.1, p = 0.129). No differences in the redox status of the absorbed coenzyme Q10 were observed between formulations, showing that CoQ10 appeared in the blood mostly as ubiquinol, even if consumed as ubiquinone.
Keywords: coenzyme Q10, CoQ10, Q10Vital, ubiquinone, ubiquinol, bioavailability, water-soluble formulations, the elderly
Published in DiRROS: 18.11.2025; Views: 168; Downloads: 78
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