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Query: "keywords" (consensus molecular subtype) .

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1.
Current and innovative approaches in the treatment of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer : the role of transurethral resection of bladder tumor and organoids
Milena Taskovska, Mateja Erdani-Kreft, Tomaž Smrkolj, 2020, review article

Abstract: Background. Bladder cancer is the 7th most common cancer in men. About 75% of all bladder cancer are nonmuscle invasive (NMIBC). The golden standard for definite diagnosis and first-line treatment of NMIBC is transurethral resection of bladder tumour (TURB). Historically, the monopolar current was used first, today bipolar current is preferred by most urologists. Following TURB, depending on the tumour grade, additional intravesical chemo- or/and immunotherapy is indicated, in order to prevent recurrence and need for surgical resection. Development of new technologies, molecular and cell biology, enabled scientists to develop organoids % systems of human cells that are cultivated in the laboratory and have characteristics of the tissue from which they were harvested. In the field of urologic cancers, the organoids are used mainly for studying the course of different diseases, however, in the field of bladder cancer the data are scarce. Conclusions. Different currents - monopolar and bipolar, have different effect on urothelium, that is important for oncological results and pathohistological interpretation. Specimens of bladder cancer can be used for preparation of organoids that are further used for studying carcinogenesis. Bladder organoids are step towards personalised medicine, especially for testing effectiveness of chemo-/immunotherapeutics.
Keywords: bladder cancer, transurethral resection of bladder tumour, monopolar/bipolar current, consensus molecular subtype
Published in DiRROS: 12.07.2024; Views: 2; Downloads: 0
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2.
Consensus molecular subtypes (CMS) in metastatic colorectal cancer : personalized medicine decision
Martina Reberšek, 2020, review article

Abstract: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common types of cancer in the world. Metastatic disease is still incurable in most of these patients, but the survival rate has improved by treatment with novel systemic chemotherapy and targeted therapy in combination with surgery. New knowledge of its complex heterogeneity in terms of genetics, epigenetics, transcriptomics and microenvironment, including prognostic and clinical characteristics, led to its classification into various molecular subtypes of metastatic CRC, called consensus molecular subtypes (CMS). The CMS classification thus enables the medical oncologists to adjust the treatment from case to case. They can determine which type of systemic chemotherapy or targeted therapy is best suited to a specific patient, what dosages are needed and in what order. Conclusions. CMS in metastatic CRC are the new tool to include the knowledge of molecular factors, tumour stroma and signalling pathways for personalized, patient-orientated systemic treatment in precision medicine.
Keywords: metastatic colorectal cancer, heterogeneity, biomarkers, consensus molecular subtype
Published in DiRROS: 12.07.2024; Views: 3; Downloads: 1
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