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52. Genome-wide association study identifies ABCG1 as a susceptibility locus for tick-borne encephalitisPiyush G. Gampawar, Manfred G. Sagmeister, Daniel Ruzek, Nina A. Schweintzger, Edith Hofer, Benno Kohlmaier, Vendula Švendová, Petra Bogovič, Franc Strle, 2025, original scientific article Abstract: Tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) is a viral infection of the central nervous system, caused by the tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) presenting clinically as meningitis, meningoencephalitis, and meningoencephalomyelitis. To investigate genetic susceptibility to TBE, and its severe forms, we conducted a genome-wide association study in the European population comprising 1,600 TBE cases and 9,699 controls. We identified several suggestive (p < 1 × 10−5) intronic and exonic variants in ABCG1, the only gene significantly associated with TBE susceptibility. These variants were shown to influence ABCG1 expression in peripheral blood, a finding corroborated by RNA expression analysis. In vitro inhibition or silencing of ABCG1 significantly reduced TBEV replication in both neuronal cells and macrophages, highlighting the potential role of ABCG1 in TBEV biology. Additionally, we detected a genome-wide significant variant within TEX41, located downstream of ZEB1, associated with severe forms of TBE. These findings provide novel insights into the genetic factors underlying TBE susceptibility and severity.
Keywords: tick-borne encephalitis, genome-wide association study, GWAS, ABCG1 locus
Published in DiRROS: 15.12.2025; Views: 26; Downloads: 19
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54. Polymer coating for Li-metal anode in polyethylene oxide-based electrolyte batteriesUrban Košir, Alen Vižintin, Elena Tchernychova, Gregor Kapun, Matteo Gastaldi, Alia Jouhara, Margaud Lecuyer, Claudio Gerbaldi, Miran Gaberšček, Robert Dominko, Sara Drvarič Talian, 2025, original scientific article Published in DiRROS: 15.12.2025; Views: 29; Downloads: 20
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56. Prolonged hospitalization signature and early antibiotic effects on the nasopharyngeal resistome in preterm infantsAchal Dhariwal, Polona Rajar, Gabriela Salvadori, Heidi Aarø Åmdal, Dag Berild, Ola Didrik Saugstad, Drude Fugelseth, Gorm Greisen, 2024, original scientific article Abstract: Respiratory pathogens, commonly colonizing nasopharynx, are among the leading causes of death due to antimicrobial resistance. Yet, antibiotic resistance determinants within nasopharyngeal microbial communities remain poorly understood. In this prospective cohort study, we investigate the nasopharynx resistome development in preterm infants, assess early antibiotic impact on its trajectory, and explore its association with clinical covariates using shotgun metagenomics. Our findings reveal widespread nasopharyngeal carriage of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) with resistomes undergoing transient changes, including increased ARG diversity, abundance, and composition alterations due to early antibiotic exposure. ARGs associated with the critical nosocomial pathogen Serratia marcescens persist up to 8–10 months of age, representing a long-lasting hospitalization signature. The nasopharyngeal resistome strongly correlates with microbiome composition, with inter-individual differences and postnatal age explaining most of the variation. Our report on the collateral effects of antibiotics and prolonged hospitalization underscores the urgency of further studies focused on this relatively unexplored reservoir of pathogens and ARGs.
Keywords: preterm infants, respiratory resistome, whole genome sequencing, genetics, drug effects
Published in DiRROS: 12.12.2025; Views: 84; Downloads: 43
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57. Numerical modelling of air-induced drag reduction allowing the transition between bubbly, air layer and mixed regimesBenjamin Krull, Kasper Bilde, Christian Kringel, Richard Meller, Matej Tekavčič, Filotas Tziaros, 2026, original scientific article Abstract: Air lubrication can reduce the frictional resistance of ships, leading to significant fuel cost savings. However, the performance of air lubrication systems varies considerably, depending on the operating conditions. Complex gas morphologies play a crucial role here but are difficult to predict. Such a variety of morphologies (bubbly flow, air layers, or mixed regimes) requires morphology-adaptive methods, such as MultiMorph. This method allows for multiple morphologies of a given phase, including the transfer between them. The injection of gas can result in air bubbles, air layers, or a mixed regime, based on local transfer mechanisms. The ability to predict these morphologies is a distinctive feature of this method. Alternative methods prescribe a specific regime a priori, and do not allow a transition. To assess the suitability of MultiMorph for air lubrication problems, two geometries with different complexities are considered. The first test validates the method against flat plate experiments. Various water velocity and gas flow rate combinations were considered to investigate their influence on gas morphology and the associated drag reduction. The second case features a three-dimensional ship hull geometry with two bubble injectors to test the applicability of the method to a more complex scenario, including a curved geometry. The method performs well in both test cases and qualifies as a useful tool for numerical investigations of air lubrication phenomena.
Keywords: air lubrication, air layer, gas injection, bubbly flow, drag reduction, numerical modelling
Published in DiRROS: 12.12.2025; Views: 89; Downloads: 36
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59. Porodna poškodba – avulzija mišice levator aniSara Vodopivec, Darija Šćepanović, Mija Blaganje, 2025, professional article Abstract: Ob prvem vaginalnem porodu ženske pride v 10–35 % do avulzije oz. odtrganja dela mišice levator ani (MLA) z njenega narastišča na sramni kosti. Avulzija MLA je pomemben dejavnik tveganja za motnje v delovanju medeničnega dna in za zdrs medeničnih organov. MLA sestavljajo 3 strukturne komponente: m. iliococcygeus, m. pubococcygeus, m. puborectalis. Slednja tvori zanko okrog anorektalnega stika in s tem vzdržuje anorektalni kot. Trikotni prostor, ki ga zanka MLA obdaja, imenujemo levatorjev hiatus, skozi katerega potekajo sečnica, nožnica in anus. Levatorjev hiatus predstavlja največjo potencialno herniacijsko odprtino v telesu. Ob kronanju plodove glavice se morajo medialne vitre MLA raztegniti tudi do trikratne dolžine v mirovanju. Doslej dokazani dejavniki tveganja za avulzijo MLA so: višja starost ob prvem porodu, nižji indeks telesne mase porodnice, porod s forcepsom in z vakuumsko ekstrakcijo, podaljšana druga porodna doba. O vlogi epiziotomije se literatura razhaja. Epiduralna analgezija bi lahko bila zaščitni dejavnik. Klinično lahko avulzijo MLA prepoznamo s palpacijo kontinuitete mišice preko stene nožnice. Diagnostični standard za avulzijo MLA je transperinealni ultrazvočni pregled (UZ). Zgodnje odkrivanje in ukrepanje bi bilo smiselno, da bi izboljšali oskrbo žensk s porodno poškodbo MLA in zmanjšali vpliv le-te na kakovost življenja ženske. Pomembno bi bilo, da bi imele ženske s porodno poškodbo medeničnega dna možnost fizioterapevtske obravnave po porodu. Transperinealni UZ za oceno MLA in analnega sfinktra bi bilo smiselno opraviti pri ženskah po prvem vaginalnem porodu, predvsem v primeru večje poškodbe porodne poti po porodu in v primeru poteka poroda z večjim tveganjem za porodno poškodbo MLA.
Keywords: medenično dno, porodna poškodba, zdrs medeničnih organov, pregled, fizioterapija
Published in DiRROS: 12.12.2025; Views: 88; Downloads: 39
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60. Impact of chest tube type on pain, drainage efficacy, and short-term treatment outcome following video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery lobectomy : a randomized controlled trial comparing coaxial silicone drains and standard polyvinyl chloride drainsBoris Greif, Janez Žgajnar, Tomaž Štupnik, 2025, original scientific article Abstract: Background: Chest drains are routinely used after video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) lung resections to evacuate fluid and air from the pleural space. We compared the impact of coaxial silicone (SIL) drains vs. standard polyvinyl chloride (PVC) drains on postoperative pain, drainage efficacy, and short-term treatment outcome following VATS lobectomy. Methods: The prospective randomized study included 80 patients who underwent VATS lobectomy for lung cancer between September 2020 and June 2023. Patients were randomized into two groups based on the type of chest drain used postoperatively: 40 in the experimental group (coaxial SIL drain Fr 24) and 40 in the control group (standard PVC drain Fr 24). The researchers collecting the data and the caregivers were not blinded to the group allocation. The primary objective was to evaluate pain over the initial 2 postoperative days by assessing analgesic consumption, respiratory muscle strength [measured as maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP) and maximal expiratory pressure (MEP)], and pain intensity using the visual analog scale (VAS). MIP, MEP, and VAS were measured both at rest and during physical activity. Results: Sixty-nine patients were included in the final analysis: 35 in the experimental group and 34 in the control group. The groups were comparable in terms of drainage efficacy and short-term treatment outcome, but pain was significantly lower in the experimental group (coaxial SIL drain). Diclofenac consumption was significantly lower in the experimental group (P=0.004), with a trend toward lower consumption of other analgesics. All respiratory muscle strength measurements were higher in the experimental group, with significant differences in static MIP on the second postoperative day (P=0.046), both static (P=0.02) and dynamic (P=0.050) MEP on the first postoperative day, and static MEP on the second postoperative day (P=0.02). Static VAS (S-VAS) on the first postoperative day was statistically significantly lower in the experimental group (P=0.003). Dynamic VAS (D-VAS) was comparable between the groups. Conclusions: This study confirmed the hypothesis that coaxial SIL drains, owing to their softer material, cause less pain while maintaining efficacy comparable to standard PVC drains.
Keywords: video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery, VATS, lobectomy, postoperative pain, chest tube, analgesia
Published in DiRROS: 12.12.2025; Views: 95; Downloads: 44
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