1. Međuodnos svojstava rasta i kvalitete drva na pokusnoj plohi arišaMirzeta Memišević Hodžić, Sulejman Sinanović, Dalibor Ballian, 2023, original scientific article Abstract: Larch (Larix decidua) showed good growth and adaptability to ecological conditions in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The research aims to determine the variability of the morphological traits of larch in the seed stand near Kakanj, the variability at the beginning of heartwood formation, and correlations among these properties.In the larch seed stand, established by seedlings 2+0 in 1979, an area of 0,45 hectares was set aside. The heights and breast height diameters of the trees were on that area were measured in 2002 and 2020, and the basal area and volume were calculated. In 2020, the trees were drilled at breast height with a Presler drill to measure the proportion of heartwood. Average values of all properties for 2002 and 2020 were calculated. The ten, five and one best trees were selected according to the properties of breast height diameter, height, basal area, volume, and the intensities of selection for these traits were calculated. The Pearson correlation coefficient among all investigated traits were calculated. The average breast height diameter of 41-year-old trees was 24,6 cm, average height 21,8 m, basal area 0.0499m2 and volume 0.3745 m3 (table 1), while in 2002. the average breast height diameter was 15,5 cm, height 18,2 m, basal area 0,020 m2, and volume 0,128 m3 (table 1). Between 2002 and 2020, there was an overtaking of trees in breast height diameter and height and thus the base and volume (table 2). The average larch tree starts heartwood formation at the age of 14 years (table 1). The earliest heart-wood formation occurs in the sixth year (tree 495) and the latest in the 32nd year (table 4). Pearson coefficient showed a high positive correlation between breast height diameter and height in 2002 (ta-ble 9), which means that trees with a good height increase also have a good thickness increase. As a result, the correlation between breast height diameter and basal area and breast height diameter and volume, height and basal area, height and volume, and basal area and volume are statistically signifi-cant. Pearson’s correlation coefficient for the year 2020 showed a negative correlation between the be-ginning of heartwood formation and all other traits (table 10), i.e., trees that formed heartwood earlier have higher values of growth traits.The results will be used in the selection processes of larch individuals with good height and thickness growth and early heartwood formation. Keywords: European larch, morphological properties, core formation, selection Published in DiRROS: 25.03.2024; Views: 364; Downloads: 230
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2. Pedunculate oak (Quercus robur L.) in Bosnia and Herzegovina - state and perspectivesMirzeta Memišević Hodžić, Dalibor Ballian, 2023, original scientific article Abstract: Bosnia and Herzegovina is located in Southeast Europe, and more than half its area of 51.129 km² belongs to forests and forest lands. 93% of the forests of Bosnia and Herzegovina are natural forests and have many plant species, many of which are endemic. There are eight oak species growing in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The most important ones are Quercus robur (despite being almost extinct due to overexploitation during the late XIX and early XX century), and Quercus petraea. Pedunculate oak in Bosnia and Herzegovina is found in mixed stands with common hornbeam and in pure stands under exceptional conditions, with a total area of about 30,000 ha. In this paper, the data of the studies carried out in the pedunculate oak forests of Bosnia and Herzegovina were compiled and a general evaluation was made. The results of phenological observation in pedunculate oak provenance test in Bosnia and Herzegovina through the years showed statistically significant differences among provenances in the beginning, end and duration of individual phenological phases. Researches on growth showed overtaking of provenances through the years, and best results in provenance Jelah for the most of investigated years. The research results on showed a significant positive correlation between the height and root collar diameter in provenance test and most of the investigated .The remaining pedunculate oak populations in Bosnia and Herzegovina have a good genetic structure and can be used as a seed stands for collecting seed material and producing seedlings for afforestation with this species Keywords: Pedunculate oak, Bosnia and Herzegovina, afforestation Published in DiRROS: 25.03.2024; Views: 311; Downloads: 186
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4. Varijabilnost morfoloških svojstava listova europske crne topole i hibridnih crnih topola u klonskom arhivu u ŽepčuMirzeta Memišević Hodžić, Dalibor Ballian, 2023, original scientific article Abstract: Black poplar (Populus nigra L.) is one of the most important European tree species, inhabiting alluvial habitats along the banks of large rivers. Today, it is one of the most endangered species of forest trees due to habitat devastation, regulation of river flows, excessive exploitation, and the introduction of non-native tree species with which it hybridized. This study aims to determine the variability of morphological properties of black poplar leaves n Bosnia and Herzegovina, within and among populations, and among river basins. Material from the clonal archive of black poplars was researched. The archive was founded in 2005 in Žepče. It contains clones from 161 trees of indigenous black poplars from 26 populations throughout Bosnia and Herzegovina (from the basins of 6 rivers) and 15 hybrid poplar species (table 1 and table 2). Ten leaves were collected from each clone by taking the fifth leaf from the top of the main shoot. Five leaves from each clone were measured. The measurement was performed with a digital movable scale with an accuracy of 0.1 mm and a protractor. The following traits were measured: leaf blade length, leaf blade width, petiole length, total leaf length, the angle between the first lateral nerve and central nerve, and distance from the leaf base to the widest part of the leaf. The number of teeth on one cm above the widest part of the leaf was counted. Data were processed using SPSS 26.0 and EXCEL by populations and river basins. Analysis of variance revealed that there are statistically significant differences among the studied populations (table 4), as well as among river basins (table 7), for all investigated traits. The petiole length trait showed the highest variability, and the lowest variability had the insertion angle of the first lateral and central nerve (table 3). The clones of population of hairy black poplars Čapljina had the lowest values of leaf traits and differed significantly in all measured properties from the others. The most common number of teeth per 1 cm of leaf edge for all populations was four teeth (figure 2), which appeared on 38.3% of leaves. This research gives us a small insight into the morphological characteristics of black poplars in the clone archive Žepče and can be the basis for further researches of the traits of black poplars needed for a successful continuation of work on breeding this species Keywords: european black poplar, clone archive, morphological traits of laeves Published in DiRROS: 19.03.2024; Views: 350; Downloads: 157
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5. Clustering of field maple populations from different ecological conditions in Bosnia and Herzegovina based on discriminant analysis of morphological traitsStjepan Kvesić, Dalibor Ballian, Mirzeta Memišević Hodžić, 2023, original scientific article Abstract: Acer campestre L. is naturally distributed in most of Europe. The species can serve as a valuable model for researching the sensitivity of populations to habitat fragmentation. This research aims to determine whether there is a differentiation of field maple populations based on their division by ecological-vegetation regions, precipitation amounts, temperatures, and altitudes of the populations. The material was collected from 25 populations in Bosnia and Herzegovina, from different ecological-vegetation areas, with twelve trees per population and five fruits and ten leaves per tree. Then, 10 fruit properties and 19 leaf properties were analyzed. A discriminant analysis was performed for population groups based on the ecological-vegetation area, amount of precipitation, average annual air temperature and altitude. The discriminant analysis results showed the distinguishing of groups of populations in the sub-Mediterranean area, and groups of populations with an average annual temperature of 14.00 to 15.99 °C. There was no clear separation of the groups according to the average annual precipitation or altitude. The analysis of the connection established that the influence of environmental factors is more pronounced compared to geographical factors. The key ecological variable that determines morphological separation was temperature and to a lesser extent precipitation. The results of this research will be used in planning of afforestation of suitable, unvegetated land and extreme habitats in the southern and southwestern parts of Bosnia and Herzegovina with Acer campestre. Keywords: Acer campestre, discriminant analysis, ecological-vegetation reionization, population groups differentiation Published in DiRROS: 19.03.2024; Views: 306; Downloads: 183
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6. Variability of generative offspring of field maple (Acer campestre L.) in nursery testingDalibor Ballian, Mirzeta Memišević Hodžić, Miroslav Murlin, Stjepan Kvesić, 2022, original scientific article Abstract: Field maple (Acer campestre L.) is naturally distributed in most of Europe, with the exception of its northern parts. Field maple can serve as a valuable model for researching the sensitivity of its populations to habitat fragmentation, considering the lack of silvicultural treatments in its stands. The research aims to determine the interpopulation and intrapopulation variability of field maple populations from Bosnia and Herzegovina in the nursery test.The authors researched measured root collar diameter, height, observed forkness and calculated slenderness coefficient of the one-year-old generative material from 18 Bosnian-Herzegovinian populations of field maple, produced in the nursery of Žepče. The descriptive statistics and variance analysis was performed.All analyzed traits showed a high degree of intrapopulation as well as interpopulation variability, as confirmed by the analysis of variance. The highest average height was found in the provenance Bosanski Brod (46.08 cm) and the smallest in Bosanska Dubica (19.11 cm). Kreševo provenance had the highest average root neck dia-meter (8.27 mm) and Bosanska Dubica (5.24 mm) the lowest. A very low percentage of forkness (6.86%) was determined, and the values of the slenderness coefficient were acceptable for all provenances.The results indicate the need for further systematic research on this ecologically valuable species. Keywords: field maple, variability, root collar diameter, height, forkness, slenderness Published in DiRROS: 08.03.2023; Views: 568; Downloads: 265
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7. Preliminary assessment of genetic gain through the selection of different pedunculate oak populations in provenance testDalibor Ballian, Mirzeta Memišević Hodžić, 2022, original scientific article Abstract: The distribution of pedunculate oak in Bosnia and Herzegovina is important in connecting the southern and eastern provenances of the Balkan Peninsula with provenances from Central Europe. However, due to over-exploitation, pedunculate oak is almost extinct in Bosnia and Herzegovina. This research aims to determine the heredity and production potential of the pedunculate oak from 28 provenances in the Bosnian-Herzegovinian provenance test through the genetic gain of thickness and height growth. The results will be used in selection of best provenances in terms of genetic gain. For this research, height and root collar diameter of pedunculate oak plants in Bosnian-Herzegovinian provenance tests were measured in 2012, 2016 and 2020. The provenance test was established in 2009. It contains 28 provenances from Bosnia and Herzegovina. Heredity and selection differentialwere assessed using analysis of variance. Possible genetic gain if using five best and one best provenance were determined. The results of the genetic gain for height obtained using data from 2012 and 2020 were low. The results obtained for 2016 indicate that the genetic gain for height, using five best provenances would be 7.62%, and using the best provenance 9.98%. Results of the genetic gain for root collar diameter obtained for 2016 and 2020 were low. For2012, the genetic improvement using five best provenances would be 4.28%, and using the best provenance 6.32%. The results indicate that by selecting the best provenances of pedunculate oak and their propagation, we can achieve a significant increase in plant height and thickness, i.e., the yield of wood mass. As research concerns juvenile material, it is necessary to continue systematic monitoring, to determine the actual heredity and genetic age, when the trees reach their physiological maturity, and when the annual value oscillations become uniform Keywords: Pedunculate oak, genetic gain Published in DiRROS: 08.03.2023; Views: 633; Downloads: 240
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8. Trends in the Phenological Pattern of Hybrid Plane Trees (Platanus × acerifolia (Ait) (Wild)) in Sarajevo Ecological ConditionsMirzeta Memišević Hodžić, Dalibor Ballian, 2022, original scientific article Abstract: Phenological research of plant species is of great importance in the context of adaptation to climate change and changing environmental factors, especially in dynamic urban environments, such as the area of Sarajevo. This research aims to determine trends in the phenological pattern of hybrid plane trees in the area of Sarajevo so that recommendations can be made for the use of plane trees in greening urban and suburban areas since they largely depend on microclimatic conditions. In this paper, the authors researched the variability of leafing phenology of maple (Platanus × acerifolia (Ait) (Wild)) at six different localities in the area of Sarajevo. Observations were made in the spring of 2009, 2014, 2016, and 2020. Six phenological phases in the spring aspect of leaf development were monitored (0 - dormant buds, 1 - beginning of bud opening, 2 - open buds, 3 - leaf opening, 4 - young leaves, 5 - fully developed leaves). The results showed differences in the beginning and end of phenological phases by years and localities. Analysis of variance showed statistically significant differences in the duration of leaf development phases caused by the year of observation, locality, and the interaction of locality and year, which indicates the influence of seasonal climatic elements and micro-location conditions, as well as their interaction on the occurrence of phenophases. The results of this research can be used to recommend the use of plane trees in selected locations, with the selection of appropriate provenances and respect for phenological characteristics. Research needs to be continued and extended to leaf rejection research, which is particularly significant given the frequent heavy snowfall during the winter months in the investigated area. Keywords: Platanus x acerifolia, urban greening, leafing phenology Published in DiRROS: 08.03.2023; Views: 572; Downloads: 275
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9. Interakcija između efekata genetskestrukture i stanišnih uslova narast zelene duglazije u testovimaprovenijencija u Bosni i HercegoviniMirzeta Memišević Hodžić, Dalibor Ballian, Emina Šehović, 2020, original scientific article Abstract: Douglas fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirbel) Franco) is the most important and most productive species in Eu-rope, outside its natural range. This study aimed to examine the presence of interaction between the effects of the genetic structure of provenances from the United States and Canada and three localities of provenan-ce tests in Bosnia and Herzegovina.For this research, we measured diameters at breast height of all trees, and heights of 10 trees per provenance in three tests of Douglas fir at the age of plants 32 years. Four provenances are represented in all three tests and additional two provenances in two tests. We examined the variance between provenances and habitats using multivariate analysis, for four provenances in all three habitats, and six provenances in two habitats (Bo-sanska Gradiška and Zavidovići).Multivariate analysis of variance for four provenances at all three localities showed that there were no stati-stically significant differences in diameters at breast height and heights caused by the interaction of provenan-ces x localities. Multivariate analysis for six joint provenances at Bosanska Gradiška and Zavidovići tests showed that there were no statistically significant differences for diameter at breast height caused by interac-tion locality x provenance, and there were statistically significant differences caused by interactions of locality x provenances for height.The obtained results can be used for the introduction of Douglas fir on predefined habitats that correspond to the conditions of the experimental plots, as well as for the selection of the best provenances for raising clone plantations or seed plantations Keywords: Douglas fir, provenances, interaction provenance x habitat Published in DiRROS: 08.03.2023; Views: 573; Downloads: 267
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10. Genetic variability of pedunculate oak (Quercus robur L.) at the Mediterranean margin of the distribution rangeMirzeta Memišević Hodžić, Barbara Fussi, Dušan Gömöry, Dalibor Ballian, 2021, review article Abstract: In Bosnia and Herzegovina, pedunculate oak (Quercus robur L.) occurs at the southern margin of its distribution range, close to the glacial refugia of this species. To assess the patterns of genetic diversity distribution at the rear edge of the Holocene colonization, we studied genetic variation in 20 pedunculate oak populations using 14 allozyme loci. Despite considerable differences among populations, neither the numbers of alleles nor genetic diversity showed any geographical trend within the studied area, although small isolated populations showed generally lower allelic richness. The Bayesian analysis of population structure indicated a kind of geographical pattern. We identified no signs of a recent bottleneck. The proximity to multiple glacial refugia explains the outcomes. Keywords: pedunculate oak, allozyme, genetic variability, marginal populations, rear edge Published in DiRROS: 22.07.2022; Views: 698; Downloads: 355
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