1. Three-dimensional ultrasound evaluation of tongue posture and its impact on articulation disorders in preschool children with anterior open biteSanda Lah Kravanja, Irena Hočevar-Boltežar, Maja Marolt-Mušič, Ana Jarc, Ivan Verdenik, Maja Ovsenik, 2018, original scientific article Abstract: Background. Tongue posture plays an important role in the etiology of anterior open bite (AOB) and articulation disorders, and is crucial for AOB treatment planning and posttreatment stability. Clinical assessment of tongue posture in children is unreliable due to anatomical limitations. The aim of the study was to present functional diagnostics using three-dimensional ultrasound (3DUS) assessment of resting tongue posture in comparison to clinical assessment, and the associations between the improper tongue posture, otorhinolaryngological characteristics, and articulation disorders in preschool children with AOB. Patients and methods. A cross-sectional study included 446 children, aged 3-7 years, 236 boys and 210 girls, ex- amined by an orthodontist to detect the prevalence of AOB. The AOB was present in 32 children. The control group consisted of 43 children randomly selected from the participants with normocclusion. An orthodontist, an ear, nose and throat (ENT) specialist and a speech therapist assessed orofacial and ENT conditions, oral habits, and articulation disorders in the AOB group and control group. Tongue posture was also assessed by an experienced radiologist, us- ing 3DUS. The 3DUS assessment of tongue posture was compared to the clinical assessment of orthodontist and ENT specialist. Results. The prevalence of AOB was 7.2%. The AOB group and the control group significantly differed regarding improper tongue posture (p < 0.001), and articulation disorders (p < 0.001). In children without articulation disorders from both groups, the improper tongue posture occured less frequently than in children with articulation disorders (p < 0.001). After age adjustment, a statistical regression model showed that the children with the improper tongue posture had higher odds ratios for the presence of AOB (OR 14.63; p < 0.001) than the others. When articulation disor- ders were included in the model, these odds ratios for the AOB became insignificant (p = 0.177). There was a strong association between the improper tongue posture and articulation disorders (p = 0.002). The 3DUS detected the high- est number of children with improper resting tongue posture, though there was no significant difference between the 3DUS and clinical assessments done by orthodontist and ENT specialist. Conclusions. The 3DUS has proved to be an objective, non-invasive, radiation free method for the assessment of tongue posture and could become an important tool in functional diagnostics and early rehabilitation in preschool children with speech irregularities and irregular tongue posture and malocclusion in order to enable optimal condi- tions for articulation development. Keywords: anterior open bite, tongue posture, three-dimensional ultrasound Published in DiRROS: 02.07.2024; Views: 178; Downloads: 99
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2. Ultrasonographic changes in the liver tumors as indicators of adequate tumor coverage with electric field for effective electrochemotherapyNina Boc, Ibrahim Edhemović, Bor Kos, Maja Marolt-Mušič, Erik Brecelj, Blaž Trotovšek, Maša Omerzel, Mihajlo Djokić, Damijan Miklavčič, Maja Čemažar, Gregor Serša, 2018, original scientific article Abstract: The aim of the study was to characterize ultrasonographic (US) findings during and after electrochemotherapy of liver tumors to determine the actual ablation zone and to verify the coverage of the treated tumor with a sufficiently strong electric field for effective electrochemotherapy. Patients and methods. US findings from two representative patients that describe immediate and delayed tumor changes after electrochemotherapy of colorectal liver metastases are presented. Results. The US findings were interrelated with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Electrochemotherapy-treated tumors were exposed to electric pulses based on computational treatment planning. The US findings indicate immediate appearance of hyperechogenic microbubbles along the electrode tracks. Within minutes, the tumors became evenly hyperechogenic, and simultaneously, an oedematous rim was formed presenting as a hypoechogenic formation which persisted for several hours after treatment. The US findings overlapped with computed electric field distribution in the treated tissue, indicating adequate coverage of tumors with sufficiently strong electric field, which may predict an effective treatment outcome. Conclusions. US provides a tool for assessment of appropriate electrode insertion for intraoperative electrochemotherapy of liver tumors and assessment of the appropriate coverage of a tumor with a sufficiently strong electric field and can serve as predictor of the response of tumors. Keywords: elctrochemotherapy, ultrasound, treatment plan, liver Published in DiRROS: 11.06.2024; Views: 177; Downloads: 70
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3. Recurrence rate in regional lymph nodes in 737 patients with follicular or Hürthle cell neoplasmsAndrej Vogrin, Hana Bešič, Nikola Bešić, Maja Marolt-Mušič, 2016, original scientific article Abstract: . Preoperative ultrasound (US) evaluation of central and lateral neck compartments is recommended for all patients undergoing a thyroidectomy for malignant or suspicious for malignancy cytologic or molecular findings. Our aim was to find out how frequent was recurrence in regional lymph nodes in patients with follicular or Hürthle cell neoplasm and usefulness of preoperative neck US investigation in patients with neoplasm. Patients and Methods. Altogether 737 patients were surgically treated because of follicular or Hürthle cell neoplasms from 1995 to 2014 at our cancer comprehensive center. Altogether 207 patients (163 females, 44 males; mean age 52 years) had thyroid carcinoma. Results. Carcinoma was diagnosed in follicular and Hürthle cell neoplasm in 143/428 and 64/309 of cases, respectively. A recurrence in regional lymph nodes occurred in 12/207 patients (6%) during a median follow-up of 55 months. Among patients with carcinoma a recurrence in regional lymph nodes was diagnosed in follicular and Hürthle cell neoplasms in 2% and 14%, respectively (p=0.002). Recurrence in regional lymph nodes was diagnosed in 3/428 (0.7%) of all patients with follicular neoplasm and 9/309 (3%) of all patients with Hürthle cell neoplasm. Recurrence in lymph nodes was diagnosed in 0.7% of patients with a preoperative diagnosis of follicular neoplasm and 3% of patients with a Hürthle cell neoplasm. A recurrence in regional lymph nodes is rare in patients with carcinoma and preoperative diagnosis of follicular neoplasm. Keywords: ultrasonography, thyroid neoplasms, diagnosis, pathology Published in DiRROS: 30.04.2024; Views: 364; Downloads: 170
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4. Axillary ultrasound for predicting response to neoadjuvant treatment in breast cancer patients : a single institution experienceNina Pišlar, Gorana Gašljević, Maja Marolt-Mušič, Simona Borštnar, Janez Žgajnar, Andraž Perhavec, 2023, original scientific article Keywords: breast cancer, neoadjuvant treatment, surgical treatment Published in DiRROS: 18.04.2024; Views: 378; Downloads: 223
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5. Segmentation of hepatic vessels from MRI images for planning of electroporation-based treatments in the liverMarija Marčan, Denis Pavliha, Maja Marolt-Mušič, Igor Fučkan, Ratko Magjarević, Damijan Miklavčič, 2014, original scientific article Keywords: electrochemotherapy, non-thermal irreversible electroporation, treatment planning, hepatic vessel segmentation, non-invasive tumor treatments, MRI of liver Published in DiRROS: 16.04.2024; Views: 306; Downloads: 156
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6. Lower tumour burden and better overall survival in melanoma patients with regional lymph node metastases and negative preoperative ultrasoundGašper Pilko, Janez Žgajnar, Maja Marolt-Mušič, Marko Hočevar, 2012, original scientific article Abstract: Background. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the ability of ultrasound(US) and fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) in reducing the numberof melanoma patients requiring a sentinel node biopsy (SNB); to compare the amount of metastatic disease in regional lymph nodes in SNB candidates with clinically uninvolved lymph nodes and of those with US uninvolved lymph nodes; and to compare the overall survival (OS) of both groups. Methods. Between 2000 and 2007, a SNB was successfully performed in 707 patients with melanoma. The preoperative US of the regional lymph node basins was performed in 405 SNB candidates. In 14 of these patients, the US-guided FNAB was positive and they proceeded directly to lymph node dissection. In 391 patients, the preoperative US was either negative (343 patients) or suspicious(48 patients) (US group). In the remaining 316 patients the preoperative US was not performed (non-US group). Results. The proportion of macrometastatic sentinel lymph nodes (SN), number of metastatic lymph nodes per patient and proportion of nonsentinel lymph node metastases were found to be lower in the US group compared to the non-US group. The smaller tumour burden of the US group was reflected in a significantly better OS of patients with SN metastases. Conclusions. The preoperative US of regional lymph nodes spares some patients with melanoma from undergoing a SNB. Patients with regional metastases and a negative preoperative US have a significantly lower tumour burden in comparison to those with clinically negative lymph nodes, which is also reflected in a better OS. Published in DiRROS: 22.03.2024; Views: 506; Downloads: 457
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8. Rentgenska in ultrazvočna anatomija dojkeMaja Marolt-Mušič, Kristijana Hertl, Maksimiljan Kadivec, Maja Podkrajšek, Simona Jereb, 2004, published scientific conference contribution Abstract: Izhodišča. Mlečna žleza je parna žleza, ki ima modificirane značilnosti žleze znojnice in se razvije v podkožnem tkivu zgornje sprednje strani prsnega koša.Skupaj s kožo jo imenujemo dojka. Zaključki. V mamografskem izvidu ni pomembno, da natančno opredelimo, kakšne strukturne spremembe so v dojki prisotne, saj te predstavljajo histološko opredelitev. Pomembno je, da v izvidu opišemo, kako gosta je struktura dojke in s tem klinika opozorimo, s kakšno verjetnostjo smo izključili patološke spremembe v smislu malignega obolenja. Pri UZ preiskavi je pomemben standarden položaj preiskovanke, kar omogoča ponovljivost preiskave. Pregledovati moramo vse dele dojke, paziti moramo, da ne izpustimo določenega predela. Pomembno je, da v izvidu označimo lego lezije: kvadrant, ura in oddaljenost od mamile. Published in DiRROS: 01.12.2023; Views: 439; Downloads: 129
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9. Presejanje za odkrivanje raka dojkKristijana Hertl, Miljeva Rener, Tomaž Vargazon, Maksimiljan Kadivec, Maja Podkrajšek, Maja Marolt-Mušič, Simona Jereb, Miha Čavlek, 2004, published scientific conference contribution Abstract: Izhodišča. Rak dojk (RD) je zaradi visoke incidence v razvitem svetu in v Sloveniji velik zdravstveni in ekonomski problem. Redno mamografsko pregledovanje asimptomatskih žensk (presejanje oz. screening), starih 50-69 let dolgoročno zmanjša umrljivost za RD, ker odkrije raka v zgodnejši fazi. V Sloveniji presejanje ni organizirano tako kot v nekaterih evropskih državah, ampak je oportunistično, ko ženske preventivno prihajajo v centre za bolezni dojk (CBD) na pregled po priporočilu zdravnika ali po lastni želji. Za kakovost delovanja centri nimajo enotnih državnih smernic in nad njihovim delovanjem ni nadzora. Zaključki. Uspešnost presejanja je odvisna od izbora skupine primerne starosti, udeležbe, intervala med posameznimi krogi presejanja, števila projekcij, dvojnega odčitovanja, kontrole kakovosti ter rednega beleženja in analize doseženih rezultatov. Glavne pomanjkljivosti presejanja so napačno pozitivni in napačno negativni izvidi, izpostavljenost ionizirajočem sevanju ter prediagnosticiranost. Published in DiRROS: 01.12.2023; Views: 399; Downloads: 126
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10. Slikovna diagnostika pri raku materničnega telesaMaja Marolt-Mušič, 2023, published scientific conference contribution Abstract: Globina invazije je poleg patohistoloških značilnosti tumorja in prizadetosti bezgavk najbolj
pomemben prognostičen faktor pri bolnicah z rakom telesa maternice (RTM). Običajno je
transvaginalni UZ, ki ga opravi ginekolog, prva preiskava pri bolnicah z sumom na RTM. UZ
preiskava ima svoje omejitve, predvsem pri oceni globine invazije in oceni prizadetosti
regionalnih in oddaljenih bezgavk. MR preiskava medenice je najbolj zanesljiva metoda za
oceno globine invazije in oceno prizadetosti bezgavk v mali medenici. Mednarodne smernice
se glede uporabe MR preiskave nekoliko razlikujejo. Smernice Evropskega združenja za
urogenitalno radiologijo (ESUR) iz leta 2009 in smernice Ameriškega Collega za radiologijo
ocenjujejo MR preiskavo kot najbolj primerno radiološko metodo za predoperativno oceno oz.
za načrtovanje zdravljenja, medtem ko NCCN smernice priporočajo MR preiskavo pri stadiju II
oz. pri sumu na infiltracijo materničnega vratu.
Keywords: rak maternice, ginekološki raki, ginekološka onkologija Published in DiRROS: 30.05.2023; Views: 480; Downloads: 208
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