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Query: "author" (Liao Ya-Ting T.) .

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1.
Tartary buckwheat flavonoids improve colon lesions and modulate gut microbiota composition in diabetic mice
Wenwen Cheng, Cifeng Cai, Ivan Kreft, Tamara Lah Turnšek, Mingyan Zu, Yongping Hu, Meiliang Zhou, Zhiyong Liao, 2022, original scientific article

Abstract: Tartary buckwheat flavonoids (TBFs) exhibit diverse biological activities, with antioxidant, antidiabetes, anti-inflammatory, and cholesterol-lowering properties. In this study, we investigated the role of TBFs in attenuating glucose and lipid disturbances in diabetic mice and hence preventing the occurrence of diabetes-related colon lesions in mice by regulating the gut microbiota. The results showed that TBFs (1) reversed blood glucose levels and body weight changes; (2) improved levels of serum total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TGs), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and fasting insulin; and (3) significantly reduced diabetes-related colon lesions in diabetic mice. In addition, TBFs also affected the diabetes-related imbalance of the gut microbiota and enriched beneficial microbiota, including Akkermansia and Prevotella. The TBF also selectively increased short-chain fatty acid-producing bacteria, including Roseburia and Odoribacter, and decreased the abundance of the diabetes-related gut microbiota, including Escherichia, Mucispirillum, and Bilophila. The correlation analysis indicated that TBFs improved metabolic parameters related to key communities of the gut microbiota. Our data suggested that TBFs alleviated glucose and lipid disturbances and improved colon lesions in diabetic mice, possibly by regulating the community composition of the gut microbiota. This regulation of the gut microbiota composition may explain the observed effects of TBFs to alleviate diabetes-related symptoms.
Keywords: Tartary buckwheat, flavonoids, microbiota, mice
Published in DiRROS: 17.07.2024; Views: 2; Downloads: 5
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2.
The effect of duct size, sample size, and fuel composition on concurrent flame spread over large cellulose samples in microgravity
Sandra L. Olson, Gary A. Ruff, Paul V. Ferkul, Jay C. Owens, John Easton, Ya-Ting T. Liao, James S. T'ien, Balazs Toth, Grunde Jomaas, A. Carlos Fernandez-Pello, Guillaume Legros, Augustin Guibaud, Osamu Fujita, Nikolay Smirnov, David L. Urban, 2023, original scientific article

Abstract: Concurrent flame spread data for thermally-thin charring solid fuels are presented from Saffire and BASS experiments performed in habitable spacecraft for three duct sizes, five sample sizes, two materials, and two atmospheres. The flame spread rates and flame lengths were strongly affected by duct size even for the relatively large ducts (> 30 cm tall). A transient excess pyrolysis length (i.e., flame length overshoot) was observed for the cotton fabric that burned away, which indicates that the transient excess pyrolysis length phenomenon is caused by more than just the flame moving into the developing boundary layer thickness as was the case with the SIBAL sample. A burnout time, defined as the pyrolysis length divided by the flame spread rate, normalized the pyrolysis length histories into a single curve with a steady burnout time of 22 s for the SIBAL fabric. The transient excess pyrolysis length is hypothesized to be a post-ignition flame growth transient for the essentially two-dimensional flames where the burnout time becomes very long until the preheat and pyrolysis lengths develop. The three-dimensional flames over narrow samples have lateral thermal expansion and lateral oxygen diffusion which allows them to transition to a steady state length without the transient excess pyrolysis length. Surface temperature profiles, nondimensionalized by the pyrolysis length, indicate that the temperature profiles exhibit the same shape across the pyrolysis zone. A surface energy balance calculation in the preheat region revealed that the heat flux increased rapidly at the pyrolysis front to near the critical heat flux for ignition. An estimate of the acceleration of the inviscid core flow in the duct due to thermal expansion and developing boundary layers on the duct walls and the SIBAL sample surface seems to explain the observed spread rate trends across three duct sizes and multiple sample sizes.
Keywords: concurrent flame spread, microgravity, duct size, sample size, cellulose fabrics
Published in DiRROS: 08.01.2024; Views: 288; Downloads: 55
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