21. Changes in the aroma profile and phenolic compound contents of different strawberry cultivars during ripeningKristyna Šimkova, Robert Veberič, Mariana Cecilia Grohar, Massimiliano Pelacci, Tina Smrke, Tea Burin, Aljaž Medič, Nika Cvelbar Weber, Jerneja Jakopič, 2024, original scientific article Abstract: Secondary metabolites, namely, phenolic and volatile organic compounds, contribute to the nutritional and organoleptic quality of the strawberry fruit. This study focuses on the changes in the content of phenolic compounds and volatile organic compounds during the ripening, from green to overripe fruit, of five strawberry cultivars (‘Asia’, ‘CIVN 766’, ‘Aprica’, ‘Clery’, and ‘Malwina’). Additionally, these changes are compared with the colour of the fruit and peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase activity. Our results show that the accumulation of secondary metabolites (phenolic and volatile organic compounds) significantly changed during the ripening process for all of the studied cultivars. As for phenolic compounds, flavanols and hydroxybenzoic acid derivatives comprised between 87 and 95% of the total phenolic compound content in unripe green fruit. In contrast, anthocyanins and hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives comprised between 64 and 77% of the total phenolic compound content in overripe fruit, except in the fruit of the cultivar ‘CIVN766’. When it comes to the aroma profile, the content of aldehydes decreased by 24–49% as the fruit ripened, and the accumulation of esters increased. Our study also shows that the ripening process differs among cultivars, and it is therefore necessary to define ripening indicators separately for each cultivar.
Keywords: Fragaria × ananassa, volatile organic compounds, phenolics, fruit development, cultivar
Published in DiRROS: 31.12.2024; Views: 83; Downloads: 36
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22. Improved adhesion of bacterial cellulose on plasma-treated cotton fabric for development of all-cellulose biocompositesLinda Ogrizek, Janja Lamovšek, Gregor Primc, Mirjam Leskovšek, Alenka Vesel, Miran Mozetič, Marija Gorjanc, 2024, original scientific article Keywords: all-cellulose biocomposite, bacterial cellulose, cotton, oxygen plasma, surface changes, adhesion
Published in DiRROS: 31.12.2024; Views: 79; Downloads: 32
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23. Short-term storage in a modified atmosphere affects the chemical profile of blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L.) fruitTina Smrke, Nika Cvelbar Weber, Jaka Razinger, Aljaž Medič, Robert Veberič, Metka Hudina, Jerneja Jakopič, 2024, original scientific article Abstract: Short-term modified-atmosphere storage with an adjusted CO$_2$ and/or O$_2$ concentration could recover blueberry fruit infested with the larvae of quarantine pests. However, this could significantly affect the fruit quality. In our experiment we investigated the performance of highbush blueberry Bluecrop fruit (firmness, peel color, individual phenolics, sugars, and organic acids) under four short-term storage regimes: (1) a regular atmosphere with 0.03% CO$_2$, 21% O$_2$, and 78% N$_2$ at 22 °C, i.e., the control; (2) a regular atmosphere with 0.03% CO$_2$, 21% O$_2$, and 78% N$_2$ at 2 ; (3) a modified atmosphere with 10% CO$_2$, 5% O$_2$, and 85% N$_2$ at 2 °C; and (4) a modified atmosphere with 100% CO$_2$ at 2 °C. Fruit sampling took place after 24 h, 48 h, and 72 h. Fruit firmness was not significantly altered by storage regime or duration, while some significant, but minor, changes were detected in the color parameters. Regarding the primary metabolites, the sugar/organic acid ratio stagnated in the first 48 h in all storage regimes. The content of the majority of the individual phenolics was significantly higher in the fruit stored under control conditions. From our results, we can conclude that the short-term storage of highbush blueberry Bluecrop fruit for 24 h in a cold atmosphere does not affect the phenolic content, and storage for 48 h does not affect the total sugar/organic acid ratio, regardless of the atmosphere composition.
Keywords: bluecrop, peel color, primary metabolites, phenolics
Published in DiRROS: 31.12.2024; Views: 84; Downloads: 36
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24. Genomic insight into the origin, domestication, dispersal, diversification and human selection of Tartary buckwheatYuqi He, Kaixuan Zhang, Yaliang Shi, Mateja Germ, Zlata Luthar, Ivan Kreft, Dagmar Janovská, Vladimir Meglič, Meiliang Zhou, 2024, original scientific article Abstract: Background: Tartary buckwheat, Fagopyrum tataricum, is a pseudocereal crop with worldwide distribution and high nutritional value. However, the origin and domestication history of this crop remain to be elucidated. Results: Here, by analyzing the population genomics of 567 accessions collected worldwide and reviewing historical documents, we find that Tartary buckwheat originated in the Himalayan region and then spread southwest possibly along with the migration of the Yi people, a minority in Southwestern China that has a long history of planting Tartary buckwheat. Along with the expansion of the Mongol Empire, Tartary buckwheat dispersed to Europe and ultimately to the rest of the world. The different natural growth environments resulted in adaptation, especially significant differences in salt tolerance between northern and southern Chinese Tartary buckwheat populations. By scanning for selective sweeps and using a genome-wide association study, we identify genes responsible for Tartary buckwheat domestication and differentiation, which we then experimentally validate. Comparative genomics and QTL analysis further shed light on the genetic foundation of the easily dehulled trait in a particular variety that was artificially selected by the Wa people, a minority group in Southwestern China known for cultivating Tartary buckwheat specifically for steaming as a staple food to prevent lysine deficiency. Conclusions: This study provides both comprehensive insights into the origin and domestication of, and a foundation for molecular breeding for, Tartary buckwheat.
Keywords: domestication, migration, artificial selection, buckwheat, genomics
Published in DiRROS: 31.12.2024; Views: 80; Downloads: 43
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25. Potential of different common (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench) and Tartary (Fagopyrum tataricum (L.) Gaertn.) buckwheat accessions to sustainably manage surrounding weedsY Vieites-Álvarez, MI Hussain, Manuel J. Reigosa, Aleš Kolmanič, Vladimir Meglič, Petra Hlásná Čepková, Meiliang Zhou, Dagmar Janovská, Adela M. Sánchez-Moreiras, 2024, original scientific article Keywords: agroecology, allelopathy, buckwheat, polyphenols, root exudates, sustainable weed management
Published in DiRROS: 31.12.2024; Views: 72; Downloads: 36
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26. AmiCa : atlas of miRNA-gene correlations in cancerNina Hauptman, Jože Pižem, 2024, original scientific article Abstract: The increasing availability of RNA sequencing data has opened up numerous opportunities to analyze various RNA interactions, including microRNA-target interactions (MTIs). In response to the necessity for a specialized tool to study MTIs in cancer and normal tissues, we developed AmiCa (https://amica.omics.si/), a web server designed for comprehensive analysis of mature microRNA (miRNA) and gene expression in 32 cancer types. Data from 9498 tumor samples and 626 normal samples from The Cancer Genome Atlas were obtained through the Genomic Data Commons and used to calculate differential expression and miRNA-target gene (MTI) correlations. AmiCa provides data on differential expression of miRNAs/genes for cancers for which normal tissue samples were available. In addition, the server calculates and presents correlations separately for tumor and normal samples for cancers for which normal samples are available. Furthermore, it enables the exploration of miRNA/gene expression in all cancer types with different miRNA/gene expression. In addition, AmiCa includes a ranking system for genes and miRNAs that can be used to identify those that are particularly highly expressed in certain cancers compared to other cancers, facilitating targeted and cancer-specific research. Finally, the functionality of AmiCa is illustrated by two case studies.
Keywords: miRNA, gene, expression, cancer, correlation, gene prioritization
Published in DiRROS: 31.12.2024; Views: 98; Downloads: 41
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27. Identification of population-informative markers from high-density genotyping data through combined feature selection and machine learning algorithms : Application to European autochthonous and cosmopolitan pig breedsGiuseppina Schiavo, Francesca Bertolini, Samuele Bovo, Giuliano Galimberti, Maria Muñoz, Riccardo Bozzi, Marjeta Čandek-Potokar, Cristina Ovilo, Luca Fontanesi, 2024, original scientific article Keywords: genome, population genomics, random forest, signatures of selection, SNP
Published in DiRROS: 31.12.2024; Views: 58; Downloads: 15
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28. Composition and quality of honey bee feed: the methodology and monitoring of candy boardsSoraia I. Falcão, Michel Bocquet, Robert Chlebo, João C. Barreira, Alessandra Giacomelli, Maja Ivana Smodiš Škerl, Giancarlo Quaglia, 2024, original scientific article Keywords: honey bee, honey bee nutrition, candy boards, supplements, bee healt
Published in DiRROS: 31.12.2024; Views: 44; Downloads: 13
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29. Persistence of autozygosity in crossbreds between autochthonous and cosmopolitan breeds of swine : a simulation studyMaria Chiara Fabbri, Emmanuel Lozada-Soto, Francesco Tiezzi, Marjeta Čandek-Potokar, Samuele Bovo, Giuseppina Schiavo, Luca Fontanesi, Maria Muñoz, Cristina Ovilo, Riccardo Bozzi, 2024, original scientific article Keywords: autozygosity, crossbreeding, local breeds, pigs, quantitative traits loci
Published in DiRROS: 31.12.2024; Views: 62; Downloads: 12
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30. Ogorčica Xiphinema index Thorne & Allen, 1950, prenašalec virusa pahljačavosti listov vinske trteJulija Polanšek, Stanislav Trdan, Saša Širca, 2024, original scientific article Abstract: Virusi na rastlinah povzročajo veliko gospodarsko škodo, saj je zdravljenje okuženih trt praktično nemogoče v poznejši fazi rasti, ali pa so uveljavljeni postopki precej dolgotrajni, prav tako proti virusom trenutno ni učinkovitega pripravka ali ukrepa. Med očem skrite prenašalce virusov spadajo tudi ogorčice – majhni organizmi , ki lahko skupaj z virusi povzročajo velike izgube pridelka. Med takšne ogorčice spada tudi vrsta Xiphinema index. Je glavni prenašalec virusa pahljačavosti listov vinske trte (Grapevine fanleaf virus, GFLV). Vinska trta je glavni gostitelj te rastlinsko-parazitske ogorčice. S svojim značilnim dolgim cevastim bodalom – stiletom prodre in se prehranjuje na mladih koreninicah. Okužba vinske trte z GFLV iz rodu Nepovirus vodi v postopno izrojevanje vinske trte in pozneje v gospodarsko nekonkurenčnost vinograda. Obvladovanje okužb z GFLV v vinogradih je večinoma omejeno na obvladovanje ogorčice X. index, ki pa je izjemno težavno, predvsem zaradi njihove relativno dolge življenjske dobe in prostorske razporeditve v tleh. Kot najbolj učinkovita ukrepa sta se izkazala kolobarjenje na zemljišču, kjer se pojavlja ta ogorčica in praha, a sta ta pristopa ekonomsko neprivlačna, saj je za ta ukrep potrebno pustiti zemljišče pred ponovno zasaditvijo novega vinograda brez vinske trte za več let. V prihodnosti je potrebno pozornost posvetiti področju razvoja novih, okolju prijaznejših in učinkovitejših pristopov obvladovanja virusonosnih ogorčic X. index in nadomestiti uporabo nematocidov
Keywords: rastlinsko-parazitske ogorčice, Xiphinema indeks, nepovirusi, Vitis spp., GFLV, biotično zatiranje
Published in DiRROS: 31.12.2024; Views: 58; Downloads: 26
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