31. New records and noteworthy data of plants, algae and fungi in SE Europe and adjacent regions, 7Marko S. Sabovljević, Gordana Tomović, Predrag Lazarević, Maja Lazarević, Snežana Vukojičić, Snežana Vukojičić, Ivana Trbojević, Jovana Pantović, Simona Strgulc-Krajšek, Darja Kopitar, Uroš Buzurović, Sanja Z. Djurović, Lado Kutnar, Janez Kermavnar, Zbigniew Szeląg, Petya Boycheva, Dobri Ivanov, Milorad Veljković, Vladan Djordjević, Sorin Stefanut, Constantin-Ciprian Bîrsan, 2022, original scientific article Abstract: his paper presents new records and noteworthy data on the following taxa in SE Europe and adjacent regions: stonewort Chara intermedia, liverworts Fossombronia wondraczekii and Pseudomoerckia blyttii, mosses Hamatocaulis vernicosus and Hookeria lucens, monocots Gladiolus palustris, Neotinea tridentata, and Orchis militaris and dicots Cardamine serbica, Cardamine waldsteinii, Hieracium kotschyanum and Pilosella petraea are given within SE Europe and adjacent regions.
Keywords: new report, Cardamine serbica, Cardamine waldsteinii, Chara intermedia, Gladiolus palustris, Fossombronia wondraczekii, Hamatocaulis vernicosus, Hieracium kotschyanum, Hookeria lucens, Neotinea tridentata, Orchis militaris, Pilosella petraea, Pseudomoerckia blyttii, SE Europe
Published in DiRROS: 20.04.2022; Views: 725; Downloads: 537
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32. Variation in floristic and trait composition along environmental gradients in the herb layer of temperate forests in the transition zone between Central and SE EuropeJanez Kermavnar, Lado Kutnar, Aleksander Marinšek, 2022, original scientific article Abstract: Species- and trait-environment linkages in forest plant communities continue to be a frequent topic in ecological research. We studied the dependence of floristic and functional trait composition on environmental factors, namely local soil properties, overstory characteristics, climatic parameters and other abiotic and biotic variables. The study area comprised 50 monitoring plots across Slovenia, belonging to the EU ICP Forests monitoring network. Vegetation was surveyed in accordance with harmonized protocols, and environmental variables were either measured or estimated during vegetation sampling. Significant predictors of species composition were identified by canonical correspondence analysis. Correlations between plant traits, i.e. plant growth habit, life form, flowering features and CSR signature, were examined with fourth-corner analysis and linear regressions. Our results show that variation in floristic composition was mainly explained by climatic parameters (mean annual temperature, mean annual precipitation), soil properties (pH) and tree layer-dependent light conditions. Trait composition was most closely related with tree layer characteristics, such as shade-casting ability (SCA, a proxy for light availability in the understory layer), tree species richness and tree species composition. Amongst soil properties, total nitrogen content and soil texture (proportion of clay) were most frequently correlated with different species traits or trait states. The CSR signature of herb communities was associated with tree layer SCA, soil pH and mean annual temperature. The floristic composition of the studied herb-layer vegetation depended on temperature and precipitation, which are likely to be influenced by ongoing climate change (warming and drying). Trait composition exhibited significant links to tree layer characteristics and soil conditions, which are in turn directly modified by forest management interventions.
Keywords: vegetation–environment relationship, floristic composition, life-history traits, herbaceous species, Slovenia
Published in DiRROS: 15.04.2022; Views: 838; Downloads: 503
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33. Tveganja, koristi in upravljanje s tujerodnimi drevesnimi vrstami v alpskem prostoru : rezultati spletne anketeAnica Simčič, Ajša Alagić, Janez Kermavnar, Lado Kutnar, Simon Zidar, Aleksander Marinšek, 2022, original scientific article Abstract: Prispevek predstavlja mnenja in poznavanje tujerodnih drevesnih vrst (TDV) deležnikov, ki pri svojem delu prihajajo v stik s TDV v gozdnih, urbanih in periurbanih območjih v Sloveniji. Mnenja smo pridobili s spletno anketo v letu 2020, ki je bila v okviru projekta ALPTREES del raziskave v vsaki od petih partnerskih držav (Slovenija, Avstrija, Nemčija, Italija in Francija) alpskega prostora. Analizirali smo odgovore slovenskih deležnikov in tako pridobili informacije o poznavanju, dojemanju in odnosu deležnikov do TDV. S spletnim anketiranjem smo dobili odgovore na vprašanja 120 posameznikov. Z analizo odgovorov smo ugotovili, da večina anketirancev prepoznava TDV in invazivne tujerodne drevesne vrste (ITDV) v Sloveniji. Na splošno anketiranci menijo, da TDV prinašajo tveganje v alpski prostor. Anketiranci so kot najbolj razširjene TDV ocenili robinijo (Robinia pseudoacacia), veliki pajesen (Ailanthus altissima), pavlovnijo (Paulownia tomentosa), navadno ameriško duglazijo (Pseudotsuga menziesii), rdeči hrast (Quercus rubra) in zeleni bor (Pinus strobus). Med najbolj invazivne TDV uvrščajo robinijo, veliki pajesen, pavlovnijo, octovec (Rhus typhina) in ameriški javor oz. negundovec (Acer negundo). Slaba polovica anketirancev je izrazila srednje veliko zaskrbljenost glede vpliva ITDV, kar četrtina vprašanih pa je zaradi TDV zelo zaskrbljena.
Keywords: tujerodne drevesne vrste, invazivne tujerodne drevesne vrste, alpski prostor, upravljanje, tveganje
Published in DiRROS: 08.03.2022; Views: 1192; Downloads: 381
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34. Climate change and disturbances will shape future temperate forests in the transition zone between Central and SE EuropeLado Kutnar, Janez Kermavnar, Anže Martin Pintar, 2021, original scientific article Abstract: It is expected that climate change as well as abiotic and anthropogenic disturbances will strongly influence temperate forests. Besides changes in the main climate variables, various disturbance factors may significantly worsen conditions for mesic Slovenian forests (SE Europe) dominated by European beech (Fagus sylvatica), Norway spruce (Picea abies) and European silver fir (Abies alba). In Slovenia, the climate has warmed in recent decades, with an average annual rate of increase of about 0.4°C per decade or even more than 0.5°C per decade in summer. In addition, disturbances have caused considerable damage to trees in the most extensive forest types in Slovenia, starting with a widespread ice storm in 2014, followed by bark beetle outbreaks, windthrows and salvage logging interventions. After 2014, salvage logging increased from about one third to two thirds of the total annual felling. Over the last two decades, we have observed a decline in Norway spruce growing stock, with the highest rate of decrease in areas below 500 m a.s.l., and an increasing trend for European beech. Overall, the three dominant species (beech, spruce, silver fir), which together account for more than 70% of the total growing stock, have shown a declining trend over the last 20 years. The patterns observed are broadly consistent with earlier predictions developed for different climate change scenarios and with those reported in many other European countries. Adaptive forest management, which implements close-to-nature silviculture, has been traditionally practised in the region under study and has the potential to play an important role in reducing the risks associated with the impacts of climate change and disturbances in the future.
Keywords: climate warming, disturbance factors, ice storm, bark beetle outbreaks, spruce decline, salvage logging, tree species composition, temperate forest, Slovenia
Published in DiRROS: 03.01.2022; Views: 936; Downloads: 755
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35. Infiltration processes in karst aquifers affected by large-scale forest disturbancesUrša Vilhar, Mitja Ferlan, Janez Kermavnar, Erika Kozamernik, Aleksander Marinšek, Metka Petrič, Tanja Pipan, Daniel Žlindra, Nataša Ravbar, 2021, published scientific conference contribution abstract Keywords: karst hydrogeology, global environmental changes, large-scale forest disturbances, aquifer recharge, water monitoring
Published in DiRROS: 03.12.2021; Views: 1352; Downloads: 849
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37. Učinki usposabljanj za sistem za zgodnje obveščanje in hitro odzivanje (ZOHO) na tujerodne vrste v slovenskih gozdovihBoris Rantaša, Andreja Gregorič, Lidija Turk, Marija Kolšek, Maarten De Groot, Andrej Verlič, Simon Zidar, Andreja Kavčič, Nikica Ogris, Lado Kutnar, Aleksander Marinšek, Barbara Piškur, Dušan Jurc, Janez Kermavnar, Špela Jagodic, Jana Kus Veenvliet, Judita Malovrh, 2021, professional article Abstract: Prepoznavanje invazivnih tujerodnih vrst (ITV) na terenu in hiter odziv na nove najdbe ITV v gozdovih sta med ključnimi izzivi gozdarske stroke. Z namenom krepitve zmogljivosti za zgodnje zaznavanje tujerodnih vrst v gozdovih je bilo v okviru projekta Osveščanje, usposabljanje in ukrepanje za invazivne tujerodne vrste v gozdu (LIFE ARTEMIS), ki je potekal v letih 2016-2020, 33 izobraževanj po Sloveniji in eno v tujini. Skupno se je izobraževanj udeležilo 1.059 udeležencev. Izobraževanja so bila izvedena za izvajalce usposabljanj, strokovnjake, lastnike gozdov, prostovoljce in zaposlene v podjetjih, povezanih z gozdom. Izobraževalni cilji usposabljanj so bili doseženi. Analiza samoocenjevalnih vprašalnikov udeležencev izobraževanj je pokazala, da so bili pred usposabljanjem malo do srednje usposobljeni, po usposabljanju pa srednje do dobro. Pred usposabljanjem je manj kot polovica anketirancev vedela, kako se odzvati, ko opazijo ITV v gozdu. Po usposabljanju pa je to vedelo več kot 90 % anketiranih. Po usposabljanju za prenos sistema za zgodnje obveščanje in hitro odzivanje (ZOHO) v druge evropske države je več kot 80 % anketiranih odgovorilo, da so se naučili nekaj novega o ITV, 79 % anketiranih pa si želi tudi v prihodnje sodelovati v sistemu ZOHO. Udeleženci si v prihodnje želijo predvsem dodatnih znanj na področju prepoznavanja ITV ter več terenskih izobraževanj. V prispevku predstavljamo rezultate spremljanja uspešnosti usposabljanj in razpravo o morebitni potrebi po dodatnih usposabljanjih na področju obveščanja in hitrega odzivanja za tujerodne vrste v gozdnem prostoru.
Keywords: izobraževanje, invazivke, invazivne tujerodne vrste, sistem za zgodnje obveščanje in hitro odzivanje, anketiranje ciljnih skupin, gozdovi, Slovenija
Published in DiRROS: 26.10.2021; Views: 1518; Downloads: 421
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38. Poročilo o spremljanju stanja gozdov za leto 2020Mitja Skudnik, Mitja Ferlan, Andrej Grah, Janez Kermavnar, Lado Kutnar, Nikica Ogris, Anže Martin Pintar, Špela Planinšek, Matej Rupel, Primož Simončič, Daniel Žlindra, 2021, final research report Keywords: varstvo gozdov, monitoring, stanje gozdov, zdravstveno stanje krošenj, popis povzročiteljev poškodb, meteorološke meritve, osutost dreves, poročila, Slovenija
Published in DiRROS: 20.07.2021; Views: 1266; Downloads: 463
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39. Ocena stanja ohranjenosti habitatnega tipa 91E0* Obrečna vrbovja, jelševja in jesenovja v območju Natura 2000 Ličenca pri PoljčanahAjša Alagić, Lado Kutnar, Erika Kozamernik, Valerija Babij, Aleksander Marinšek, Janez Kermavnar, Anica Simčič, Ruben Šprah, 2021, original scientific article Abstract: Stanje ohranjenosti sestojev habitatnega tipa 91E0* Obrečna vrbovja, jelševja in jesenovja (Alno-Padion, Alnion incanae, Salicion albae) je v Sloveniji precej zaskrbljujoče. V Sloveniji je bilo njegovo stanje ocenjeno kot slabo, trend pa negativen, kar pomeni dodatno možnost poslabšanja. Omenjeni gozdni habitatni tip sodi med prioritetne ali prednostne habitatne tipe, za katere je predvidena posebna skrb Evropske skupnosti. Zaradi njegove majhnosti in fragmentiranosti je pogosto spregledan in tudi neustrezno obravnavan. Z namenom, da bi izboljšali njegovo prepoznavnost in spoznali njegove značilnosti na terenu, smo mu v okviru LIFE integriranega projekta za okrepljeno upravljanje Nature 2000 v Sloveniji namenili posebno pozornost. V raziskavi smo z uporabo metode terenskega kartiranja podrobneje proučili stanje sestojev habitatnega tipa 91E0* v območju Natura 2000 Ličenca pri Poljčanah. Na tak način smo ugotovili, kakšna je površina sestojev tega habitatnega tipa in jo primerjali z obstoječimi conami habitatnega tipa 91E0*. Ugotavljali smo pojavljanje ključnih drevesnih vrst oz. drevesno sestavo sestojev, njihovo pomlajevanje ter vrste pritiskov in groženj za habitatni tip 91E0* na tem območju. Izmed različnih znanih podtipov habitatnega tipa 91E0* smo na tem območju našli predvsem podtip nižinsko črnojelševje, pa tudi fragmente podtipa vrbovja s topolom. Ponekod so se tudi v gozdu pojavljali manjši sestoji vrb in ozkolistnega jesena. Ugotovili smo, da površine sestojev habitatnega tipa 91E0* na območju Natura 2000 Ličenca pri Poljčanah dejansko zavzemajo le približno četrtino površine obstoječih con habitatnega tipa. Analiza drevesne sestave sestojev je pokazala predvsem vraščanje smreke v sestojih črnojelševja, le-ta naravno ni prisotna v tem habitatnem tipu. Ugotovili smo, da je na proučevanem območju pomlajevanje črne jelše zelo okrnjeno. Na slabšanje stanja sestojev črnojelševja še dodatno vplivajo različni pritiski in grožnje, kot so bližina kmetijskih površin, odpadki, fragmentacija sestojev črnojelševja, širjenje invazivnih tujerodnih rastlin, vodne regulacije, bližina prometnic, izsuševanje rastišč idr. Stanje ohranjenosti sestojev tega habitatnega tipa je bilo posledično v večini primerov ocenjeno kot neugodno do slabo. Z namenom, da bi se stanje obrečnih gozdov na območju Ličence pri Poljčanah izboljšalo, smo v prispevku predlagali nekaj konkretnih ohranitvenih ukrepov
Keywords: habitatni tip, črnojelševje, obrečni gozdovi, terensko kartiranje, stanje ohranjenosti, Alnus glutinosa, Natura 2000
Published in DiRROS: 14.04.2021; Views: 1857; Downloads: 655
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40. Effects of various cutting treatments and topographic factors on microclimatic conditions in Dinaric fir-beech forestsJanez Kermavnar, Mitja Ferlan, Aleksander Marinšek, Klemen Eler, Andrej Kobler, Lado Kutnar, 2020, original scientific article Abstract: Forest microclimate is strongly affected by local topography and management activities, as these directly alter overstory structure. In the present work we analysed the dependence of observed patterns of spatio-temporal microclimatic variations on topographic, canopy- and management-related factors. A forestry experiment was conducted in managed fir-beech forests in the Dinaric Mountains (Slovenia), which are characterized by rugged karstic terrain with numerous sinkholes. In 2012, cutting treatments representing a range in the intensity of overstory removal were performed: uncut controls (CON), 50% cut of stand growing stock (intermediate management intensity % IMI) and 100% cut (high management intensity % HMI) creating 0.4 ha canopy gaps. Fine-scale variation in aspect and slope and its effects on microclimate was assessed by comparing central, south-facing and north-facing within-sinkhole positions. We measured microclimatic variables (air temperature % T, relative humidity % RH) 0.5 m above the ground over three consecutive post-treatment growing seasons. Microclimatic variables showed an increase (T and vapour pressure deficit % VPD) or decrease (RH) with management intensity. Daily Tmax and VPDmax in HMI treatment were up to 5.9°C (on average 3.5°C) and up to 1.4 kPa (on average 0.6 kPa) higher than those in CON treatment, respectively, whereas daily RHmin was up to 22.7 (on average 13.0) percentage points lower. Regarding intra-seasonal patterns, microclimatic differences between treatments were largest during the summer. South-facing plots in the HMI treatment overall exhibited the most extreme conditions, i.e. the highest Tmax and lowest RHmin. Differences in microclimate between treatments were strongly modulated by canopy cover. The results also suggest that overstory removal increases topography-mediated variation in microclimate, as evidenced by significant differences in T, RH and VPD along the fine-scale topographic gradient within the created canopy gaps.
Keywords: tree cutting, air temperature, relative humidity, vapour pressure deficit, karst topography, canopy cover
Published in DiRROS: 08.10.2020; Views: 1495; Downloads: 677
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