1431. Towards increased strength and retained ductility of Zn-Mg-(Ag) materials for medical devices by adopting powder metallurgy processing routesJiří Kubásek, David Nečas, Vojtěch Hybášek, Eva Jablonská, Črtomir Donik, Irena Paulin, Peter Gogola, Martin Kusý, Jaroslav Fojt, Miroslav Čavojský, Jan Duchoň, Jaroslav Čapek, 2025, original scientific article Abstract: The development of bioabsorbable zinc-based alloys with tailored mechanical properties and biocompatibility holds great promise for advancing medical implant technology. In this study, Zn-Mg and Zn-Mg-Ag alloys were synthesized using mechanical alloying (MA) followed by extrusion to achieve a combination of enhanced strength, ductility, and corrosion resistance. MA for 4 hours produced ultrafine-grained powders incorporating Mg₂Zn₁₁ intermetallic phases and oxide particles, which contributed to microstructure stabilization during subsequent processing. Extrusion consolidated these powders into dense materials with a uniform grain size of ~700 nm, exhibiting ultimate tensile strengths up to 435 MPa and elongation to fracture of ~12%, representing a significant improvement over conventional processing methods. The addition of silver further enhanced the antibacterial properties, demonstrating notable efficacy against Staphylococcus epidermidis, while maintaining non-cytotoxic behavior in vitro. Corrosion rates remained low, with uniform surface degradation and the formation of protective corrosion layers. This work highlights the efficacy of combining powder metallurgy techniques to bioabsorbable zinc-based alloys with exceptional mechanical performance, corrosion behavior and in vitro cytocompatibility, providing a pathway for next-generation biodegradable medical devices.
Keywords: zinc, bioabsorbable materials, mechanical alloying, spark plasma sintering, microstructure
Published in DiRROS: 05.08.2025; Views: 386; Downloads: 240
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1432. Prostorska analiza dostopnosti javnega potniškega prometa v SlovenijiJernej Tiran, Nika Razpotnik Visković, Matej Gabrovec, Simon Koblar, 2022, original scientific article Abstract: Prispevek analizira dostopnost javnega potniškega prometa ( JPP) v Sloveniji glede na oddaljenost postajališč od prebivališč in pogostnost voženj. S povezovanjem podatkov iz Centralnega registra prebivalcev in podatkov o ponudbi JPP smo z geografskim informacijskim sistemom izračunali delež prebivalstva, ki živi v 500- in 1000-metrski oddaljenosti od postajališč z zadevnim številom dnevnih voženj. Avtorji so analizirali prostorske razlike v dostopnosti do postajališč JPP, na podlagi podatkov o gostoti prebivalstva so prepoznali glavne vrzeli v ponudbi JPP in analizirali razmeščanje novejše poselitve v navezavi na današnje omrežje JPP. Ugotovili so, da je dostopnost JPP v državi glede na 1000-metrsko oddaljenost od postajališč razmeroma zadovoljiva, glede na 500-metrsko oddaljenost od postajališč pa je zadovoljiva le na večini urbanih območij. Obsežna območja nimajo ustreznega dostopa do postajališč JPP, kar je zlasti na podeželju posledica majhne gostote prebivalstva, večje vrzeli v ponudbi pa se pojavljajo na območjih suburbanizacije, ki so nastala zunaj koridorjev JPP. Med letoma 2004 in 2020 so avtorji na območjih z najboljšo dostopnostjo JPP prepoznali trend nižje demografske rasti od slovenskega povprečja, na območjih največje rasti prebivalstva in intenzivne stanovanjske gradnje pa se je poselitev le delno umeščala v bližino omrežja JPP. To potrjuje domnevi o nedoslednem upoštevanju veljavnih prostorskih strateških aktov ter o nizki stopnji integracije prometnega in prostorskega načrtovanja.
Keywords: prometna geografija, dostopnost, mobilnost, javni potniški promet, poselitev, prostorsko planiranje, Slovenija
Published in DiRROS: 05.08.2025; Views: 361; Downloads: 218
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1433. Kako učinkovite so politike EU za prenovo razvrednotenih območij? : študija primera alpskih industrijskih krajin v malih in srednje velikih mestihManca Krošelj, Tomaž Pipan, Naja Marot, 2022, original scientific article Abstract: Mala in srednje velika industrijska mesta v Alpah so običajno na obrobnih območjih in so pogosto razvrednotena. Navedeno je večinoma posledica tega, da so se industrijske krajine v zadnjih dveh letih spremenile v razvrednotena območja, katerih prenovo ovira več dejavnikov. Med njimi so upad števila prebivalcev, slabšanje poslovnih priložnosti, draga okoljska sanacija in zahtevno upravljanje preobrazbe. Avtorji v članku proučujejo, katere možnosti za prenovo imajo alpska mesta z razvrednotenimi industrijskimi območji, katero podporo zagotavlja Evropska unija in koliko razvojnega potenciala se dejansko na ta način v celoti uresniči. Obravnavana so štiri obrobna območja v štirih alpskih državah: v Avstriji, Franciji, Italiji in Sloveniji. Izsledki kažejo, da veljavne politike EU nezadostno urejajo razvrednotena območja. Finančne spodbude so razpršene med več viri, zaradi česar jih je težko črpati, poleg tega na proučevanih območjih ni zadostnega znanja in zmogljivosti za pridobitev sredstev, ki jih potrebujejo za to, da svoje zamisli pretvorijo v uspešne zgodbe o prenovi.
Keywords: politike EU, analiza politik, alpske regije, prenova razvrednotenih območij, mala in srednje velika mest
Published in DiRROS: 05.08.2025; Views: 338; Downloads: 199
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1434. Vpliv zelene infrastrukture na povezanost prebivalcev z naravo v LagosuAdedotun Ayodele Dipeolu, Eziyi O. Ibem, 2022, original scientific article Abstract: Zaradi čedalje večjega krčenja zelenih površin v mestih se slabša povezanost ljudi z naravo, mestni prebivalci pa zato manj cenijo naravno okolje in v njem manj uživajo. Še vedno ni veliko znanega o tem, kako trenutna prizadevanja pri načrtovanju zelene infrastrukture vplivajo na povezanost prebivalcev z naravo, zlasti v mestih podsaharske Afrike. Avtorja v raziskavi proučujeta vpliv zelene infrastrukture na občutek povezanosti prebivalcev, kot navajajo sami, z naravo v izbranih stanovanjskih soseskah v Lagosu v Nigeriji. Na podlagi večstopenjskega vzorčenja je bilo v anketo vključenih 1.560 prebivalcev, podatki pa so bili analizirani z deskriptivno in kategorično regresijsko analizo. Rezultati kažejo, da čeprav so prebivalci večinoma nezadovoljni s kakovostjo in količino zelene infrastrukture v svojih soseskah, hkrati menijo, da ta pomembno pozitivno vpliva na njihovo povezanost z naravo. Regresijska analiza je poleg tega pokazala, da stanje in razpoložljivost zelenih površin za preživljanje prostega časa v soseskah najbolj vplivata na občutek povezanosti z naravo. Navedeni izsledki kažejo, da bi morali urbanisti in mestne oblasti za to, da bi z zeleno infrastrukturo izboljšali povezanost prebivalcev z naravo, posebno pozornost nameniti zagotavljanju in vzdrževanju zelenih površin v stanovanjskih soseskah na proučevanem območju in drugje.
Keywords: povezanost z naravo, mestni prebivalci, soseske, zelena infrastruktura, trajnostni razvoj mest
Published in DiRROS: 05.08.2025; Views: 390; Downloads: 197
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1435. Proučevanje trajnostnega razvoja mest : primer večjih mest v KazahstanuGulnara Nyussupova, Laura Kenespayeva, Damira Tazhiyeva, Madiyar Kadylbekov, 2022, original scientific article Abstract: Ugotavljanje primerjalne ravni trajnostnega razvoja mest ima pomembno vlogo pri oblikovanju njihove trajnostne prihodnosti. V članku avtorji na podlagi geografske podatkovne baze, izdelane ob podpori geografskega informacijskega sistema, proučujejo trajnostni razvoj 17 največjih mest v Kazahstanu med letoma 2007 in 2019. Izsledki njihove raziskave kažejo, da nobeno od proučevanih mest ni doseglo stopnje trajnostnega razvoja, ki bi bila po indeksu trajnostnega razvoja mest enaka ali višja od 0,750, hkrati pa nobeno ni doseglo stopnje razvoja, nižje od 0,300. Vseh 17 mest so zato avtorji ocenili kot zmerno trajnostne. V prihodnjih raziskavah bodo proučevali, kako lahko še izboljšajo sistem proučevanja trajnostnosti mest v Kazahstanu.
Keywords: mesta, Kazahstan, kazalniki trajnostnega razvoja, geografska podatkovna baza, indeks trajnostnega razvoja mest, Kazahstan, trajnostni razvoj mest
Published in DiRROS: 05.08.2025; Views: 334; Downloads: 201
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1437. Dostopnost objektov za funkcionalno ovirane osebe : metoda za popis z uporabo spletnih orodijIgor Bizjak, 2022, original scientific article Abstract: The situation in Slovenia in terms of the accessibility of public buildings for functionally impaired persons is concerning. Most often people with disabilities already face barriers when accessing the building (no disabled parking available, stairs leading to the entrance into the building, thresholds that are too high, doors too heavy to open, handles set too high, etc.) and then in the building itself (staircases, unadapted lifts, insufficiently large toilets, etc.). To show potential barriers to the functionally impaired as well as the building owners and maintenance staff, a method is presented for inventorying building accessibility for the functionally impaired using online tools. The method relies on relevant universal accessibility legislation and standards, and it is important because it facilitates an accurate and comparable evaluation of potential barriers and adaptations already in place. Thus, it functions both as a multifunctional framework for evaluating the accessibility of all buildings, which provides an overview of and displays potential barriers to building owners and maintenance staff, and as a guide to building accessibility for the functionally impaired. Also presented is the method’s implementation in the online system for inventorying building accessibility, which makes it possible to monitor building accessibility for the needs of the functionally impaired and provides an overview of the barriers detected for the building owners and maintenance staff.
Keywords: web tools, online app, indoor accessibility, accessibility monitoring system, functionally impaired, accessibility inventorying method
Published in DiRROS: 05.08.2025; Views: 346; Downloads: 208
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1438. Kje bi bilo treba izboljšati območja za pešce? : razvrščanje in kartiranje posegov za izboljšanje ulične hodljivosti v središču Cape TownaRoussetos-Marios Stefanidis, Alexandros Bartzokas-Tsiompras, 2022, original scientific article Abstract: Pedestrian interventions for healthier and more inclusive streetscapes can be powerful mechanisms to increase the safety and comfort of walking in African cities. This article proposes a multiscale walkability analysis approach to identify both suitable streets for pedestrian travel and problematic areas requiring small-scale improvements (e.g., pavement repairs, building maintenance, streetlights, and public seating). We applied a GIS-based framework to the central urban area of Cape Town, South Africa, which presents complex social and environmental challenges. For each street-and-crossing segment, a virtual pedestrian streetscape audit tool was used to collect micro- and mesoscale environmental indicators and assess the quality of public space. This composite street-level assessment tool was weighted with a space syntax analysis indicator (i.e., spatial integration) to detect the network’s most interconnected and high-priority pathways. The Jenks natural breaks classification algorithm was used to classify scores for each segment, which ultimately found that the highest-priority streets for redevelopment are clustered in Bo-Kaap, a relatively disadvantaged, multicultural, and hilly district on Cape Town’s west side. Policy recommendations are evaluated to increase the quality of the urban environment and the city’s overall attractiveness to pedestrians. The proposed methodology facilitates more effective place management and classifies the city’s needs in improvements, minimizing both time and budget costs.
Keywords: Cape Town, Google Street View, built environment, pedestrian mobility, walkability
Published in DiRROS: 05.08.2025; Views: 348; Downloads: 190
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1439. Primerjava mnenj prebivalcev treh tipov stanovanjskih območij v Kijevu glede kakovosti življenjaOlena Dronova, Diana Khomenko, Stanley D. Brunn, 2022, original scientific article Abstract: According to Global North urban studies, the traditional low-rise mixed-function perimeter block is the most attractive urban morphology in terms of organization of space, time, values, and social interactions. This study examines how valid these basic theses are regarding the comfort of urban housing morphological types in Kyiv, the capital of Ukraine. We compare residents’ quality of life and analyse the differences in residents’ behavioural patterns and spatial perception in different morphological types of housing to identify distinguishing features of the most comfortable urban form. Using expert evaluation and surveys, we assess history; jobs; social, educational, and cultural services; environmental indicators; security levels; and public activity in three different neighbourhoods: Zhulyany (with detached houses), Podil (with low-rise perimeter blocks), and Rusanivka (with Soviet high-rises). The results reveal that the Soviet neighbourhood, Rusanivka, leads in terms of both objective indicators and residents’ perception as the most comfortable living area. This finding contradicts generally accepted theories about exemplary and attractive urban morphology. This preference is based on the planning and construction priorities of the unique social system of Rusanivka, where its human-centeredness and a thoughtful integrated approach are highly valued.
Keywords: Kyiv, perceptions, quality of life, neighbourhoods, urban morphology
Published in DiRROS: 05.08.2025; Views: 399; Downloads: 211
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1440. Obnova postsocialistične mestne identitete : primer Novega Pazarja v SrbijiMina Petrović, Vera Backović, Milena Toković, 2022, original scientific article Abstract: In line with contemporary urban policy to build a competitive city identity, this article deals with the post-communist identity of Novi Pazar, a medium-sized city in southwestern Serbia. Research attention is centred on building urban identity through the dynamic interaction between actors and socio-spatial structures. Following Bourdieu’s notion of habitus, the concept of a city’s habitus is employed as well as Lefebvre’s concept of the social production of space. Special focus is placed on the challenges that post-communist cities face in re-establishing their identity following the former promotion of the “communist (industrial) city” and its subsequent decline. The analysis is based on a survey of residents of Novi Pazar (n = 299) and interviews with experts employed in local government and other local institutions/organizations (n = 14), as well as content analysis of the city’s official website. Novi Pazar is a city with a potentially strong identity but also with considerable structural constraints that block the local agency needed to activate the city’s identity potential.
Keywords: Serbia, Novi Pazar, habitus, post-communist city, identity
Published in DiRROS: 05.08.2025; Views: 384; Downloads: 197
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