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25. Evolution of a hybrid zone of willows (Salix L.) in the Alps analysed by RAD-seq and morphometricsPia Marinček, 2022, master's thesis Abstract: Natural hybridization of plants can result in many outcomes with several evolutionary consequences, such as hybrid speciation and introgression. Natural hybrid zones can arise as a result of fluctuating climate during the exchange of glacial and interglacial periods, where species retract and expand their territories, resulting in secondary contacts. On mountain ranges, such as the European Alps, hybrid zones of alpine species are frequently formed where different lineages meet. Willows are a large genus of woody plants with an immense capability of interspecific crossing. About 33 species of this genus inhabit the Alps, where intermediate phenotypes were frequently observed and proclaimed as hybrids, but rarely examined in detail. One of the reasons was a lack of informative molecular markers and suitable analytical tools to analyse this highly diverse and convergent genus. With the development of the RAD-seq technology, several questions regarding willow phylogeny and hybridization could be answered. In this study, a putative hybrid zone of two sister species, S. foetida and S. waldsteiniana, was investigated to study the genomic structure of populations within and outside their contact zone, to find evidence for hybrid speciation or introgression, and to analyse if morphological phenotypes are reflected by their genotypes. Individuals of the two species were sampled across their distribution range in the Alps and examined with the use of RADseq data and morphometric analyses. The results showed that a hybrid zone between the two species was established within the range of their contact zone. Patterns of genetic admixture in homoploid hybrids indicated introgression with asymmetric backcrossing to one of the parental species. Morphometric characteristics of hybrids supported the molecular data and showed intermediacy with a bias towards S. waldsteiniana. Only one potentially divergent hybrid lineage was observed, hinting to a possibility of localised hybrid speciation events.
Keywords: alpine plants, hybridization, morphometry, RAD sequencing, master thesis
Published in DiRROS: 17.01.2025; Views: 12; Downloads: 2
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27. Wood products market statement with forecasts : (Market Statement 2024; Slovenia)Špela Ščap, Matjaž Dremelj, Darja Stare, Tomaž Remic, 2024, treatise, preliminary study, study Keywords: forest timber sector, forest wood assortments, roundwood, policy measures, wood market, production, foreign trade, wood products, forecast of wood flows, wood flows, wood biomass for energy
Published in DiRROS: 17.01.2025; Views: 15; Downloads: 6
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29. Program strokovnih nalog s področja zdravstvenega varstva rastlin : končno poročilo za leto 2024 o opravljenem delu v okviru konzorcija nacionalnega referenčnega laboratorija za viruse, viroide in fitoplazmeNataša Mehle, Irena Mavrič Pleško, Janja Lamovšek, Sebastjan Radišek, Tanja Guček, Jakob Brodarič, Irena Bajde, Denis Kutnjak, Ana Vučurović, 2025, final research report Keywords: diagnostika, virusi, viroidi, fitoplazme, varstvo rastlin
Published in DiRROS: 17.01.2025; Views: 15; Downloads: 2
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30. First-year dynamics of the anaerobic microbiome and archaeome in infants’ oral and gastrointestinal systemsCharlotte Neumann, Rokhsareh Mohammadzadeh, Pei Yee Woh, Tanja Kobal, Manuela-Raluca Pausan, Polona Mertelj, 2024, original scientific article Abstract: Recent research provides new insights into the early establishment of the infant gut microbiome, emphasizing the influence of breastfeeding on the development of gastrointestinal microbiomes. In our study, we longitudinally examined the taxonomic and functional dynamics of the oral and gastrointestinal tract (GIT) microbiomes of healthy infants ( n = 30) in their first year, focusing on the often-over-looked aspects, the development of archaeal and anaerobic microbiomes. Breastfed (BF) infants exhibit a more defined transitional phase in their oral microbiome compared to non-breastfed (NBF) infants, marked by a decrease in Streptococcus and the emergence of anaerobic genera such as Granulicatella . This phase, characterized by increased alpha-diversity and significant changes in beta-diversity, occurs earlier in NBF infants (months 1–3) than in BF infants (months 4–6), suggesting that breastfeeding supports later, more defined microbiome maturation. We demonstrated the presence of archaea in the infant oral cavity and GIT microbiome from early infancy, with Methanobrevibacter being the predominant genus. Still, transient patterns show that no stable archaeome is formed. The GIT microbiome exhibited gradual development, with BF infants showing increased diversity and complexity between the third and eighth months, marked by anaerobic microbial networks. NBF infants showed complex microbial co-occurrence patterns from the start. These strong differences between BF and NBF infants’ GIT microbiomes are less pronounced on functional levels than on taxonomic levels. Overall, the infant microbiome differentiates and stabilizes over the first year, with breastfeeding playing a crucial role in shaping anaerobic microbial networks and overall microbiome maturation.
Keywords: breastfeeding, infants, gut microbiome, GIT, oral microbiome, infant development, early life, metagenomics, anaerobes, archaea, strain tracking, source tracking
Published in DiRROS: 17.01.2025; Views: 20; Downloads: 8
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