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Keywords: kvasovke, plodova vinska mušica, mutualizem, hlapne organske spojine, vedenjski poskusi, tujerodne kvasovke
Published in DiRROS: 16.12.2025; Views: 2; Downloads: 2
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Abstract: Background: Data on multinational 90-day mortality and morbidity rates after surgery for gastric cancer is limited in the literature. This study aimed to understand the 90-day mortality and morbidity outcomes among patients undergoing elective gastric cancer surgery, as in the GASTRODATA Registry, and to identify associated risk factors. Methods: We conducted an international prospective study on patients aged ≥ 18 years undergoing elective surgery for gastric cancer with curative intent from January 4 to September 30, 2022. Known metastatic disease, concurrent secondary cancers, gastrointestinal stromal tumour (GIST) and Siewert type I/II oesophagogastric junction malignancies were excluded. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression were used to identify variables associated with the 90-day outcome. Results: 380 collaborators from 47 countries submitted data on 1538 patients. Median age was 65 years (IQR: 19–94), and 58.5% were males. 90-day morbidity and mortality rates were 38.2% (n = 587) and 2.9% (n = 45), respectively. Pre-operative higher Charlson Comorbidity Index, higher ASA score, pre-operative weight loss > 10%, positive specimen margin, and post-operative pathological IV staging (p value < 0.05) were significantly associated with clinically relevant complications and mortality. Conclusion: Elective gastric cancer surgery has a 90-day morbidity of 38.2% and a 90-day mortality of 2.9% globally. This study provided the most comprehensive international 90-day prospective data to date regarding gastric cancer surgery. Several factors associated with higher morbidity were identified, highlighting the importance of a unified language on surgical morbidity, prehabilitation, and ongoing audits to enhance patient outcomes.
Keywords: gastric cancer, elective surgery, morbidity, mortality, 90-day postoperative outcomes, multinational audit, surgical complications, anastomotic leaks, patient safety
Published in DiRROS: 16.12.2025; Views: 1; Downloads: 0
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Abstract: Background and aims: Cascade familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) screening of parents could reduce the burden cardiovascular disease (CVD) in relatives of index cases by enabling timely diagnosis of FH. Here, we present the positive outcomes of the pilot child-parent cascade screening program in Slovenia. Methods: One hundred and thirty-eight parents from 123 families of an index child with genetically confirmed FH were randomly included in the pilot child-parent cascade screening program. Index children were identified through the universal FH screening program in preschool children. Genetic testing using Sanger sequencing was performed for cascade screening to detect (likely) pathogenic variants, previously confirmed in the index child. Results: The success rate of confirming a (likely) pathogenic variant was 77.2 % when the first parent, preferably with higher total cholesterol levels, was tested, and reached 99.1 % when the variant was identified in the first tested parent or when both parents were tested. In the minority of cases (13.8 %), parents had had a clinical diagnosis of FH prior to their child and these had somewhat higher prevalence of CVD compared to parents that were diagnosed after their index child through the pilot program (12.5 % vs. 4.3 %; p = 0.382). Conclusions: In conclusion, the presented pilot child–parent cascade screening program is feasible in clinical practice and shows a high success rate in identifying parents with FH. Parents diagnosed through the program appeared to have a lower prevalence of CVD. However, larger cohorts are needed to confirm these findings.
Keywords: child-parent screening, cascade screening, familial hypercholesterolemia, cardiovascular disease, Slovenia
Published in DiRROS: 16.12.2025; Views: 0; Downloads: 3
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Abstract: Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have recently emerged as a highly stable and versatile class of non-coding RNAs that play critical roles in gene regulation, yet their involvement in immune-mediated muscle disorders remains largely underexplored. This review synthesizes how circRNAs influence key processes in both skeletal muscle and immune cells, from myogenesis, regeneration, and muscle stem cell function to inflammatory signaling and muscle wasting. Our aim was to identify circRNA insights across muscle immune-mediated diseases. However, we found no idiopathic inflammatory myopathy-focused circRNA studies, only a limited body of work in Duchenne muscular dystrophy, and predominantly peripheral blood mononuclear cell-based evidence in myasthenia gravis. These gaps highlight clear priorities: subtype-resolved circRNA atlases for idiopathic inflammatory myopathy; paired muscle–biofluid and cell-type–resolved profiling (including infiltrating immune populations); rigorous in vivo functional validation beyond correlative expression; fuller mechanistic delineation beyond miRNA competition (e.g., RNA binding protein interactions, translation, epigenetic regulation); and longitudinal cohorts linking circRNA dynamics to disease activity and treatment response. We particularly noted lack of in-depth studies addressing the interplay between muscle and immune cells in these conditions. Furthermore, we examine pioneering efforts to engineer circRNAs as therapeutic agents, capable of either neutralizing pathogenic pathways that drive muscle atrophy or restoring dystrophin expression in genetic disease models. Finally, we outline future directions for circRNA profiling in patient tissues and biofluids, rigorous functional validation in vivo, and the development of circRNA-based diagnostics. This positions circRNAs at the forefront of next-generation strategies for understanding and combating immune-related muscular disorders.
Keywords: circular RNA, skeletal muscle, immune cells, idiopathic inflammatory myopathies, Duchenne muscular dystrophy, myasthenia gravis
Published in DiRROS: 16.12.2025; Views: 0; Downloads: 0
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Abstract: With advancements in nanotechnology and innovative materials, Graphene Oxide nanoparticles (GONP) have attracted lots of attention among the diverse types of nanomaterials owing to their distinctive physicochemical characteristics. However, the usage at scientific and industrial level has also raised concern to their toxicological interaction with biological system. Understanding these interactions is crucial for developing guidelines and recommendations for applications of GONP in various sectors, like biomedicine and environmental technologies. This review offers crucial insights and an in-depth analysis to the biological processes associated with GONP immunotoxicity with multiple cell lines including human whole blood cultures, dendritic cells, macrophages, and multiple cancer cell lines. The complicated interactions between graphene oxide nanoparticles and the immune system, are highlighted in this work, which reveals a range of immunotoxic consequences like inflammation, immunosuppression, immunostimulation, hypersensitivity, autoimmunity, and cellular malfunction. Moreover, the immunotoxic effects are also highlighted with respect to in vivo models like mice and zebrafish, insighting GO Nanoparticles’ cytotoxicity. The study provides invaluable review for researchers, policymakers, and industrialist to understand and exploit the beneficial applications of GONP with a controlled measure to human health and the environment
Published in DiRROS: 16.12.2025; Views: 2; Downloads: 1
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