801. Plant growth promoting microorganisms : a promising tool for improving forest tree seedlings survival (a review)Tina Unuk Nahberger, 2025, review article Abstract: severe drought events and increasingly frequent large-scale forest disturbances can lead to a significant and irreversible decline in the natural regeneration of various forest tree species. extensive research is being carried out to develop strategies to help plants cope with the increasing stress. however, most of these technologies are costly and time-consuming, so the application of plant growth-promoting microorganisms (PgPms) appears to be an easy-to-use and efficient method to alleviate abiotic and biotic stress in plants. PgPm inoculants are a sustainable alternative strategy to not only alleviate stress through various mechanisms, but also to promote plant growth and development. Previous studies have revealed a wide range of PgPm genera that colonise plant roots and enhance the ability of plants to cope with abiotic and biotic stress in agriculture. however, records on the potential benefits of PgPms in forest seedlings are still sparse, with only a few reports and mostly isolated strains from the genera Pinus, Quercus, Abies and Picea. this review addresses the current knowledge on plant growth-promoting mechanisms and provides an overview of isolated microorganisms with proven plant growth-promoting mechanisms from different forest tree species.
Keywords: plant growth promoting microorganisms, reforestation, tree nurseries, forest tree seedling survival
Published in DiRROS: 04.11.2025; Views: 137; Downloads: 126
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802. Moving through Cartesian products, coronas and joins in general positionSandi Klavžar, Aditi Krishnakumar, Dorota Kuziak, Ethan Shallcross, James Tuite, Ismael G. Yero, 2026, original scientific article Abstract: The general position problem asks for large sets of vertices such that no three vertices of the set lie on a common shortest path. Recently a dynamic version of this problem was defined, called the mobile general position problem, in which a collection of robots must visit all the vertices of the graph whilst remaining in general position. In this paper we investigate this problem in the context of Cartesian products, corona products and joins, giving upper and lower bounds for general graphs and exact values for families including grids, cylinders, Hamming graphs and prisms of trees.
Keywords: general position set, mobile general position set, mobile general position number, robot navigation, Cartesian product graph
Published in DiRROS: 04.11.2025; Views: 215; Downloads: 96
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803. Postbiotics derived from recombinant lactic acid bacteria exhibit high IL6-binding capacity and suppress IL6-induced STAT3 signalingAbida Zahirović, Špela Zupančič, Andraž Verdir, Sebastjan Nemec, Slavko Kralj, Luka Snoj, Aleš Berlec, 2025, review article Abstract: Introduction: With growing evidence of clinical efficacy of probiotics in various diseases, safety concerns have arisen regarding the therapeutic use of live probiotic bacteria, especially in critically ill, immunocompromised, and pediatric populations. Serious probiotic-related adverse effects have been reported in these patients, including bloodstream infection and sepsis. This has led to an increased interest in developing postbiotics (non-viable bacterial products) that may exert beneficial effects on the host without the risks associated with administration of live microorganisms. The aim of this study was to explore postbiotic potential of recombinant Lactococcus lactis bacteria that have been engineered to display interleukin 6 (IL6)-targeting affibody (ZIL6) on their surface and are intended for treatment of inflammatory intestinal diseases. Methods: Five different killing treatments were applied to kill bacteria (heat, ethanol, sonication, UV, and gamma irradiation) and their effect on bacterial viability, morphology and functionality was examined in vitro using a combination of different techniques, including microscopy, flow cytometry, immunoassays and cell-based reporter assay. Results: The results showed that ZIL6 affibody displayed on L. lactis via non-covalent anchoring withstood the treatments applied to kill bacteria and remained functional after the loss of microbial viability. The degree of functionality was dependent on the type of treatment. Heat-killed cells retained 50% of the activity of live strain, while most of the activity was preserved after exposure of bacteria to ethanol, sonication, UV and gamma irradiation. The applied treatments varied in killing efficacy, whereby ethanol and heat rendered bacteria non-viable, UV and gamma irradiation yielded non-replicative cells, whereas sonication was ineffective in killing L. lactis. Among non-viable cells, ethanol-killed bacteria exhibited the greatest activity and showed high maximum binding capacity of 200 ng IL6 per mg dry cell weight, possessed strong nanomolar affinity for IL6, and inhibited up to 78% of IL6-induced STAT3 signaling. Conclusion: The study demonstrates that functional non-viable bacterial cells can be derived from the recombinant L. lactis with therapeutic proteins displayed on their surface and provides a good foundations for further studies of their postbiotic potential in adjunctive therapy of inflammatory intestinal diseases.
Keywords: affibody, probiotics, postbiotics, Lactococcus lactis
Published in DiRROS: 03.11.2025; Views: 251; Downloads: 121
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808. Predlog metodologije za spremljanje stanja gozdov za l. 2026 : predlog metodologije v skladu s Pravilnikom o varstvu gozdov (2009) in mednarodnimi zavezami (Konvencija UN/ECE CLRTAP)Daniel Žlindra, Lado Kutnar, Tom Levanič, Anže Martin Pintar, Urša Vilhar, Primož Simončič, Janez Kermavnar, 2025, treatise, preliminary study, study Keywords: monitoring, stanje gozdov, osutost dreves, poškodovanost dreves, rast dreves, meteorološke meritve, ozon, pritalna vegetacija, fenološka opazovanja, foliarni popis, zračne usedline
Published in DiRROS: 03.11.2025; Views: 173; Downloads: 0 |
809. The impact of sanitary felling during large-scale disturbances on regulating ecosystem services in norway spruce-dominated Pre-Alpine beech forests of SloveniaAnže Martin Pintar, Andreja Ferreira, Pia Höfferle, Anže Japelj, 2025, original scientific article Abstract: Ecosystem services (ES) are closely linked to nature-based solutions, which can mitigate the negative impacts of climate change or provide society with direct tangible and intangible benefits. In the context of a changing climate, it is essential to preserve these services despite increasing disturbances. In this study, we analysed changes in the structure and composition of the Jelovica forest complex (NW Slovenia) over the past two decades and assessed the provision of key regulating forest ES—specifically, soil erosion control, regulation of surface and groundwater flows, and regional climate regulation. The area has historically seen the artificial promotion of Norway spruce and, in recent decades, has been increasingly affected by large-scale disturbances and bark beetle outbreaks. We examined how these climate-related disturbances have influenced the availability of regulating ES. Over the past twenty years, the share of spruce in the growing stock in the Jelovica area decreased from 67% to 62%. We compared structural and compositional changes between two periods, 2001–2009 and 2015–2023, based on available forest management data. In both periods, mature stands were the dominant developmental stage. In the northwestern part of the Jelovica plateau, where extensive sanitary felling was carried out, the proportion of sapling stands increased significantly—unlike in other parts of the plateau. Areas affected by extensive sanitary felling exhibited statistically significantly lower evapotranspiration and reduced soil erosion control capacity, as well as higher levels of groundwater recharge, compared to other areas.
Keywords: growing stock, natural disturbances, bark beetles, sanitary felling, regulating ecosystem services, groundwater recharge, evapotranspiration, erosion
Published in DiRROS: 03.11.2025; Views: 216; Downloads: 104
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810. Symmetric nonnegative trifactorization of pattern matricesDamjana Kokol-Bukovšek, Helena Šmigoc, 2025, original scientific article Abstract: A factorization of an $n \times n$ nonnegative symmetric matrix $A$ of the form $BCB^T$, where $C$ is a $k \times k$ symmetric matrix, and both $B$ and $C$ are required to be nonnegative, is called the Symmetric Nonnegative Matrix Trifactorization (SN-Trifactorization). The SNT-rank of $A$ is the minimal $k$ for which such factorization exists. The SNT-rank of a simple graph $G$ that allows loops is defined to be the minimal possible SNT-rank of all symmetric nonnegative matrices whose zero-nonzero pattern is prescribed by the graph $G$. We define set-join covers of graphs, and show that finding the SNT-rank of $G$ is equivalent to finding the minimal order of a set-join cover of $G$. Using this insight we develop basic properties of the SNT-rank for graphs and compute it for trees and cycles without loops. We show the equivalence between the SNT-rank for complete graphs and the Katona problem, and discuss uniqueness of patterns of matrices in the factorization.
Keywords: mathematics, mathematical economy, matrix algebra, nonnegative matrix factorization, nonnegative symmetric matrices, symmetric nonnegative trifactorization, pattern matrices
Published in DiRROS: 03.11.2025; Views: 147; Downloads: 81
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