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1529. Building a bilingual elite : “national indifference” and Romanian students in Hungarian high schools (1867–1914)Ágoston Berecz, 2023, original scientific article Abstract: This article highlights the role investment in Hungarian-language skills played in the social reproduction of the Romanian national elite in Dualist Hungary. At any point during the era, little less than half of middleclass Romanian students attended Hungarian-language high schools, which their parents largely considered as language training institutions. Parental choices and the sons’ experiences gain significance when set against the view that such investment in linguistic capital was a subversive practice challenging nationalist mobilization. Based on former students’ memoirs, school yearbooks, and histories, this article concentrates on the strategies of parents, the class-based inequality of access to Hungarian, the language policies of schools, and teachers’ ambiguous treatment of Romanian students.
Keywords: secondary education, national indifference, Dualist Hungary, Romanian history, multilingualism, individual bilingualism
Published in DiRROS: 21.07.2025; Views: 415; Downloads: 243
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1530. Influence of felling residue management on bark beetles and other insect diversityMaarten De Groot, Luka Capuder, I. G. Farah Kootstra, Martin Križaj, Marija Kolšek, Mitja Ferlan, Tine Hauptman, 2025, original scientific article Abstract: Bark beetle outbreaks have caused large-scale tree mortality and damage in recent decades, primarily following an increase in largescale forest disturbances induced by climate change. After tree logging operations, leftover branches are traditionally piled to make the potential brood material less suitable for bark beetles, thereby lowering the risk of subsequent attacks on surrounding trees. On the other hand, the residues could prove valuable to biodiversity by supplementing important habitat, given the apparent decline in deadwood in European forests and its associated saproxylic fauna. Our aim was to identify the most successful method of logging residue management for both bark beetle management and biodiversity. We focussed on Norway spruce felling residues, their associated bark beetle pests and saproxylic insect orders, beetle families, and Cerambycidae species.We prepared four treatments: (i) logging residues in piles, (ii) scattered logging residues, (iii) logging residues removed, and (iv) a control plot with no felling activity. Five plots per treatment were established at each site. In total, three sites were selected: one at a high elevation and two at lower elevations in different parts of Slovenia. The catch was counted to the order level, the attracted beetles were identified to the family level, and Cerambycidae and Scolytinae to the species level. We found that the treatments with residues attracted the highest diversity of insect orders and the most beetles across different families, including Cerambycidae. Furthermore, we found that the species composition differed between control and residue treatments, although no difference was observed in species richness. More bark beetles and a higher number of bark beetle species were attracted to both piled and scattered residues. Thick branches were more frequently attacked in scattered residues. There was no difference in the number of attacked trees (within a plot) one month after treatment. Hence, leaving logging residues in the forest could represent an interesting compromise between pest management and biodiversity conservation. Conf licting aims, such as increasing biodiversity or controlling bark beetles, should be carefully considered in the management decisions.
Keywords: Scolytinae, forest management, Cerambycidae, Norway spruce, multipurpose forest management, felling residue
Published in DiRROS: 21.07.2025; Views: 443; Downloads: 259
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