31. Post-harvest forest herb layer demography : general patterns are driven by pre-disturbance conditionsJanez Kermavnar, Klemen Eler, Aleksander Marinšek, Lado Kutnar, 2021, original scientific article Abstract: Timber harvesting constitutes extensive anthropogenic disturbance in temperate forests, producing a broad range of ecological impacts that most often enhance the demographic processes of vegetation. This study monitored post-harvest herb layer demography over a 6-year period in mesic Dinaric fir-beech forests (Slovenia), a vascular plant diversity hotspot among European forests. Three experimental harvesting intensities, i.e. full harvest (FH), partial harvest (PH) and a control treatment (NH), were each applied over a circular area of 4000 m2 and replicated three times at each of three study sites. Vegetation sampling was conducted before harvesting (in 2012), and two (2014) and six (2018) years following it, in a 400 m2 circular plot positioned in the centre of each treatment area. We focused on identifying general demographic patterns and evaluating the effects of various pre-disturbance abiotic and biotic predictors on compositional responses to disturbance. Two years after harvest (2012-2014), compositional shifts were larger than those in the next 4-year period (2014-2018), confirming the general theoretical prediction that species turnover rate decreases along a successional gradient. The degree of compositional shifts in gaps (FH) and thinned stands (PH) was affected by local abiotic factors (geomorphology of karst sinkholes) and community attributes, such as pre-harvest species richness. Our results indicate that compositional stability is positively associated with pre-disturbance species richness. Over the whole study period, increases in plot-level species richness (alpha diversity) and overall enrichment of the species pool (gamma diversity) were accompanied by compositional convergence, i.e. a decline in floristic dissimilarity (beta diversity) between and within study sites. However, the observed tendency towards homogenization was rather weak and would have been even more pronounced if the demographic type of persistent resident species had not shown a high degree of resistance, thus leaving a strong imprint on post-harvest vegetation development by preserving the forest characteristics of the herb layer community.
Keywords: forest succession, demographic types, community assembly, pre-disturbance factors, floristic convergence, fir-beech forests
Published in DiRROS: 22.07.2022; Views: 641; Downloads: 412
 Full text (1,91 MB)
This document has many files! More... |
32. Variation in floristic and trait composition along environmental gradients in the herb layer of temperate forests in the transition zone between Central and SE EuropeJanez Kermavnar, Lado Kutnar, Aleksander Marinšek, 2022, original scientific article Abstract: Species- and trait-environment linkages in forest plant communities continue to be a frequent topic in ecological research. We studied the dependence of floristic and functional trait composition on environmental factors, namely local soil properties, overstory characteristics, climatic parameters and other abiotic and biotic variables. The study area comprised 50 monitoring plots across Slovenia, belonging to the EU ICP Forests monitoring network. Vegetation was surveyed in accordance with harmonized protocols, and environmental variables were either measured or estimated during vegetation sampling. Significant predictors of species composition were identified by canonical correspondence analysis. Correlations between plant traits, i.e. plant growth habit, life form, flowering features and CSR signature, were examined with fourth-corner analysis and linear regressions. Our results show that variation in floristic composition was mainly explained by climatic parameters (mean annual temperature, mean annual precipitation), soil properties (pH) and tree layer-dependent light conditions. Trait composition was most closely related with tree layer characteristics, such as shade-casting ability (SCA, a proxy for light availability in the understory layer), tree species richness and tree species composition. Amongst soil properties, total nitrogen content and soil texture (proportion of clay) were most frequently correlated with different species traits or trait states. The CSR signature of herb communities was associated with tree layer SCA, soil pH and mean annual temperature. The floristic composition of the studied herb-layer vegetation depended on temperature and precipitation, which are likely to be influenced by ongoing climate change (warming and drying). Trait composition exhibited significant links to tree layer characteristics and soil conditions, which are in turn directly modified by forest management interventions.
Keywords: vegetation–environment relationship, floristic composition, life-history traits, herbaceous species, Slovenia
Published in DiRROS: 15.04.2022; Views: 838; Downloads: 503
Full text (2,43 MB)
This document has many files! More... |
33. Tveganja, koristi in upravljanje s tujerodnimi drevesnimi vrstami v alpskem prostoru : rezultati spletne anketeAnica Simčič, Ajša Alagić, Janez Kermavnar, Lado Kutnar, Simon Zidar, Aleksander Marinšek, 2022, original scientific article Abstract: Prispevek predstavlja mnenja in poznavanje tujerodnih drevesnih vrst (TDV) deležnikov, ki pri svojem delu prihajajo v stik s TDV v gozdnih, urbanih in periurbanih območjih v Sloveniji. Mnenja smo pridobili s spletno anketo v letu 2020, ki je bila v okviru projekta ALPTREES del raziskave v vsaki od petih partnerskih držav (Slovenija, Avstrija, Nemčija, Italija in Francija) alpskega prostora. Analizirali smo odgovore slovenskih deležnikov in tako pridobili informacije o poznavanju, dojemanju in odnosu deležnikov do TDV. S spletnim anketiranjem smo dobili odgovore na vprašanja 120 posameznikov. Z analizo odgovorov smo ugotovili, da večina anketirancev prepoznava TDV in invazivne tujerodne drevesne vrste (ITDV) v Sloveniji. Na splošno anketiranci menijo, da TDV prinašajo tveganje v alpski prostor. Anketiranci so kot najbolj razširjene TDV ocenili robinijo (Robinia pseudoacacia), veliki pajesen (Ailanthus altissima), pavlovnijo (Paulownia tomentosa), navadno ameriško duglazijo (Pseudotsuga menziesii), rdeči hrast (Quercus rubra) in zeleni bor (Pinus strobus). Med najbolj invazivne TDV uvrščajo robinijo, veliki pajesen, pavlovnijo, octovec (Rhus typhina) in ameriški javor oz. negundovec (Acer negundo). Slaba polovica anketirancev je izrazila srednje veliko zaskrbljenost glede vpliva ITDV, kar četrtina vprašanih pa je zaradi TDV zelo zaskrbljena.
Keywords: tujerodne drevesne vrste, invazivne tujerodne drevesne vrste, alpski prostor, upravljanje, tveganje
Published in DiRROS: 08.03.2022; Views: 1192; Downloads: 381
Full text (431,99 KB) |
34. |
35. Infiltration processes in karst aquifers affected by large-scale forest disturbancesUrša Vilhar, Mitja Ferlan, Janez Kermavnar, Erika Kozamernik, Aleksander Marinšek, Metka Petrič, Tanja Pipan, Daniel Žlindra, Nataša Ravbar, 2021, published scientific conference contribution abstract Keywords: karst hydrogeology, global environmental changes, large-scale forest disturbances, aquifer recharge, water monitoring
Published in DiRROS: 03.12.2021; Views: 1352; Downloads: 849
Full text (277,79 KB)
This document has many files! More... |
36. |
37. |
38. Comparing environmental impacts of alien plants, insects and pathogens in protected riparian forestsKatharina Lapin, Sven Bacher, Thomas L. Cech, Rok Damjanić, Franz Essl, Freya-Isabel Georges, Gernot Hoch, Andreja Kavčič, András Koltay, Saša Kostić, Ivan Lukić, Aleksander Marinšek, Laszlo Nagy, Sonja Novak Agbaba, Janine Oettel, Saša Orlović, Leopold Poljaković-Pajnik, Marcus Sallmannshofer, Martin Steinkellner, Srdjan Stojnić, Marjana Westergren, Milica Zlatković, Anita Zolles, Maarten De Groot, 2021, original scientific article Abstract: The prioritization of alien species according to the magnitude of their environmental impacts has become increasingly important for the management of invasive alien species. In this study, we applied the Environmental Impact Classification of Alien Taxa (EICAT) to classify alien taxa from three different taxonomic groups to facilitate the prioritisation of management actions for the threatened riparian forests of the Mura-Drava-Danube Biosphere Reserve, South East Europe. With local experts we collated a list of 198 alien species (115 plants, 45 insects, and 38 fungi) with populations reported in southeast European forest ecosystems and included them in the EICAT. We found impact reports for 114 species. Eleven of these species caused local extinctions of a native species, 35 led to a population decrease, 51 to a reduction in performance in at least one native species and for 17 alien species no effects on individual fitness of native species were detected. Fungi had significantly highest impact and were more likely to have information on their impacts reported. Competition and parasitism were the most important impact mechanisms of alien species. This study is, to our knowledge, the first application of EICAT to all known alien species of several taxonomic groups in a protected area. The impact rankings enabled to identify taxa that generally cause high impacts and to prioritize species for the management in protected areas according to their impact magnitudes. By following a standardized impact protocol, we identified several alien species causing high impacts that do not appear on any expert-based risk list, which are relevant for policymakers. Thus, we recommend that alien species be systematically screened to identify knowledge gaps and prioritize their management with respect to spatio-temporal trends in impact magnitudes.
Keywords: alien species, biological invasions, EICAT, invasive species management, protected areas, species prioritization
Published in DiRROS: 29.10.2021; Views: 1046; Downloads: 781
Full text (1,13 MB)
This document has many files! More... |
39. Učinki usposabljanj za sistem za zgodnje obveščanje in hitro odzivanje (ZOHO) na tujerodne vrste v slovenskih gozdovihBoris Rantaša, Andreja Gregorič, Lidija Turk, Marija Kolšek, Maarten De Groot, Andrej Verlič, Simon Zidar, Andreja Kavčič, Nikica Ogris, Lado Kutnar, Aleksander Marinšek, Barbara Piškur, Dušan Jurc, Janez Kermavnar, Špela Jagodic, Jana Kus Veenvliet, Judita Malovrh, 2021, professional article Abstract: Prepoznavanje invazivnih tujerodnih vrst (ITV) na terenu in hiter odziv na nove najdbe ITV v gozdovih sta med ključnimi izzivi gozdarske stroke. Z namenom krepitve zmogljivosti za zgodnje zaznavanje tujerodnih vrst v gozdovih je bilo v okviru projekta Osveščanje, usposabljanje in ukrepanje za invazivne tujerodne vrste v gozdu (LIFE ARTEMIS), ki je potekal v letih 2016-2020, 33 izobraževanj po Sloveniji in eno v tujini. Skupno se je izobraževanj udeležilo 1.059 udeležencev. Izobraževanja so bila izvedena za izvajalce usposabljanj, strokovnjake, lastnike gozdov, prostovoljce in zaposlene v podjetjih, povezanih z gozdom. Izobraževalni cilji usposabljanj so bili doseženi. Analiza samoocenjevalnih vprašalnikov udeležencev izobraževanj je pokazala, da so bili pred usposabljanjem malo do srednje usposobljeni, po usposabljanju pa srednje do dobro. Pred usposabljanjem je manj kot polovica anketirancev vedela, kako se odzvati, ko opazijo ITV v gozdu. Po usposabljanju pa je to vedelo več kot 90 % anketiranih. Po usposabljanju za prenos sistema za zgodnje obveščanje in hitro odzivanje (ZOHO) v druge evropske države je več kot 80 % anketiranih odgovorilo, da so se naučili nekaj novega o ITV, 79 % anketiranih pa si želi tudi v prihodnje sodelovati v sistemu ZOHO. Udeleženci si v prihodnje želijo predvsem dodatnih znanj na področju prepoznavanja ITV ter več terenskih izobraževanj. V prispevku predstavljamo rezultate spremljanja uspešnosti usposabljanj in razpravo o morebitni potrebi po dodatnih usposabljanjih na področju obveščanja in hitrega odzivanja za tujerodne vrste v gozdnem prostoru.
Keywords: izobraževanje, invazivke, invazivne tujerodne vrste, sistem za zgodnje obveščanje in hitro odzivanje, anketiranje ciljnih skupin, gozdovi, Slovenija
Published in DiRROS: 26.10.2021; Views: 1518; Downloads: 421
Full text (582,71 KB) |
40. Terenski priročnik za prepoznavanje tujerodnih vrst v gozdovihLado Kutnar, Aleksander Marinšek, Jana Kus Veenvliet, Dušan Jurc, Nikica Ogris, Andreja Kavčič, Maarten De Groot, Katarina Flajšman, Paul Veenvliet, 2017, dictionary, encyclopaedia, lexicon, manual, atlas, map Keywords: tujerodne rastline, tujerodne živali, invazivne tujerodne vrste, rastlinska morfologija, habitati, status, podobne vrste, albumi
Published in DiRROS: 15.06.2021; Views: 1067; Downloads: 710
Full text (21,22 MB)
This document has many files! More... |
