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923. New marker of angiogenesis CD105 (endoglin): diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic roleMateja Legan, 2005, review article Abstract: Background. The well established notion that malignant tumours depend on angiogenesis to grow and metastasize focused the investigators interest on tumour vasculature into visualization and validation. Panendothelial markers (CD31, CD34, F8) and CD105 are differentially expressed in angiogenic and normal vessel endothelial cells. Since the former are excellent markers for the normal vasculature, CD105 (endoglin) is more suitable for identifying tumour angiogenesis. Endoglin is a transforming growth factor (TGF)- beta binding receptor, preferentially expressed on endothelial cells of angiogenic tissues, essential for angiogenesis and vascular development. Conclusions. Tumor microvessel density expressed by CD105 immunohistochemical staining in paraffin-embedded tissue section correlates significantly with tumour aggressiveness and prognosis in many solid tumours. Also, targeting of tumour neovasculature specific antigens offers the possibility of future therapeutic approaches.
Published in DiRROS: 14.02.2024; Views: 214; Downloads: 50
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924. Small-bowel carcinoid presenting with acute bleeding detected upon wireless capsule endoscopyŽiva Mrevlje, Marko Sever, Borut Kocijančič, 2005, original scientific article Abstract: Background. Intestine carcinoid usually presents with clinical symptoms and signs deriving from its endocrinological influences and rarely bleeds profusely. Case report. We present a patient with intestinal bleeding of unknown origin. After conventional diagnostic procedures only wireless capsuleendosopy was able to discover a tumour of small bowel, which was the reason of bleeding. On patohistological examination after the surgical resection it proved to be a small bowel carcinoid. Conclusions. There are indications that WCE, besides being the first small bowel imaging technique, is a very important diagnostic tool, deserving consideration in the early phases of diagnosing small-bowel disease, especially in less intensive or occult bleeding.
Published in DiRROS: 14.02.2024; Views: 209; Downloads: 40
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925. Quantitative analysis of fine needle aspiration biopsy samplesMirjana Rajer, Marko Kmet, 2005, original scientific article Abstract: The fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) is one of the methods used in tumour evaluation. Since a certain number of tumour cells are needed for a complete diagnostic algorithem, we wanted to test how many cells remain in the needle and syringe after routine stains have been made and which factors influence this number. The remaining cells are used in ancillary diagnostic procedures. Material and methods. One hundred fifty two FNAB samples of tumours of the breast, thyroid and lymph nodes were included in our study. We counted the cells which were left in the needle and the syringe after the standard smears had been made. Buerker-Tuerks chamber was used for this purpose. Results. The number of cells depended on the organ from which the cells had been aspirated,on the type of tumour and, in the case of breast cancer, also on thelevel of experience of the FNAB performer. The percentage of samples with too few cells for all modern diagnostic methods (<5x105) is lowest in FNAB of lymph nodes (4.9%), followed by breast (16.7%) and thyroid (18%). Conclusions.We concluded that FNAB in the majority of cases grants a sufficient number of cells for the standard microscopic evaluation and also ancillary diagnostic procedures.
Published in DiRROS: 14.02.2024; Views: 202; Downloads: 38
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926. Imaging of small amounts of pleural fluid. Part one - small pleural effusionsIgor Kocijančič, 2005, review article Abstract: Background. Small pleural effusions are not readily identified on conventionalradiographic views of the chest, but may be an important finding, sometimes leading, via thoracocentesis, to a definitive diagnosis of pleural carcinomatosis, infection or transudate. A small meniscus sign and a medial displacement of the costophrenic angle are the only subtle signs of small accumulations of fluid on posteroanterior chest X-rays. On lateral views the finding of a small meniscus sign in the posterior costophrenic angle is the sign of small pleural effusion. Conclusions. Lateral decubitus chest radiographs were used for many years for the diagnosis of small pleural effusions. In last decades ultrasonography of pleural space becomes a leading real-time method for demonstrating small pleural effusions.
Published in DiRROS: 14.02.2024; Views: 211; Downloads: 45
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927. Missing tissue compensation with wax filter compensators in radiotherapy of the head and neck regionDaša Grabec, Primož Strojan, 2005, original scientific article Abstract: Background. In the conventional radiotherapy of the head and neck region, the inhomogeneity of the absorbed dose in certain clinical situations can exceed ?5% of the nominal dose. Depending on the pattern of dose inhomogeneity, treatment related toxicity is more pronounced and disease control reduced. Theaim of our report is to present the wax filter compensation technique used in our department. Case report. A 46-year-old male with inoperable carcinoma of the oropharynx of clinical stage T3N2c was irradiated with 5 MV linear accelerator photon beams and conventional 3 field technique. In order to obtain more homogenous dose distribution in treated volume, the opposed lateral fields were modified using 2Dwax filter compensators. Results. Using conventional wedge filter compensation, the planed absorbed dose deviations inthe treated volume were in the range of 94% to 113% of the prescribed dose. By modification of the opposed lateral fields with 2D wax filter compensators,the variations of the absorbed dose were reduced to the range from 93% to 105% of the prescribed dose. In the article, the planning and manufacturing as well as dosimetric checking of wax filter compensators are described. Conclusions. With the use of 2D wax filter compensators, the inhomogeneity of absorbed dose distribution was significantly reduced, and thequality of treatment considerably improved.
Published in DiRROS: 14.02.2024; Views: 225; Downloads: 51
Full text (502,94 KB) |
928. Setup and its effect on safety margin in conformal radiotherapy of the prostateBorut Kragelj, 2005, original scientific article Abstract: Background. In radiotherapy, setup errors in positioning the patients influence the size of safety margin and thereby also the size of irradiation field and toxicity of radiotherapy. Methods. The setup errors were calculated by evaluating the deviations from the measured distance between the irradiation field margin and the bony pelvis. Results. The research was performed on 23 patients. With respect to lateral, craniocaudal and anteroposterior axis, the observed systemic error ranged from -5 to + 9 mm, -4to +5 mm, and from -4 to +4 mm, respectively, whereas the observed random error ranged from 0 to 7.5 mm, 0 to 3.6 mm, and from 0 to 4.2 mm, respectively. The safety margin, with the 90% probability to cover clinical target volume (CTV) and allowing for the prostate position variability, measured 9 mm, 9.5 mm, 7 mm, and 10 mm in the respective lateral, craniocaudal, anterior and dorsal direction. Conclusions. Irradiation of the prostate with a 7 mm dorsal safety margin, allowing for 90% coverage probability of CTV, was feasible in 22/23 patients on condition that the grosssystemic error (>3mm) was eliminated.
Published in DiRROS: 14.02.2024; Views: 238; Downloads: 50
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929. Rapid detection of most frequent Slovenian germ-line mutations in BRCA1 gene using real-time PCR and melting curve analysisSrdjan Novaković, Vida Stegel, 2005, original scientific article Abstract: Background. Detection of inherited mutations in cancer susceptibility genes isof great importance in some types of cancers including the colorectal cancer(mutations of APC gene in familial adenomatous polyposis -FAP, mutationsin mismatch repair genes in hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer- HNPCC), malignant melanoma (mutations in CDKN2A and CDK4 genes) and breast cancer (mutations in BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes). Methods. This article presents the technical data for the detection of five mutations in BRCA1 gene in breast cancer patients and their relatives. The mutations - 1806C>T, 300T>G, 300T>A, 310G>A, 5382insC -were determined by the real-time PCR and themelting curve analysis. Results and conclusion. In comparison to direct sequencing, this method proved to be sensitive and rapid enough for the routine daily determination of mutations in DNA isolated from the peripheral blood.
Published in DiRROS: 14.02.2024; Views: 216; Downloads: 54
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930. Managing anemia with epoetin alfa in patients with rectal cancerVaneja Velenik, Irena Oblak, Veronika Kodre, 2005, original scientific article Abstract: Background. Anemia is one of the most challenging problems in clinical oncology due to its high prevalence among the patients with malignant diseases. The purposes of our study were: (1) to assess the potential of epoetin alfa therapy to prevent the decline in Hb concentrations that typically accompanies chemotherapy/radiotherapy (ChT/RT) of the patients with rectal cancer; (2) to test the hypothesis that the use of epoetin alfa significantly reduces the transfusion requirements in the patients with rectalcancer treated with ChT/RTafter surgery, and (3) to evaluate the safety profile of the administration of epoetin alfa in the clinical setting. Methods. Sixty patients who underwent surgery for rectal cancer were prospectively enrolled. Group A consisted of 39 patients with Hb concentrations <13 g/dl at the start of ChT/RT following surgery, and group B of 17 patients with Hb concentrations >13 g/dl at the start of ChT/RT following surgery, but whose Hb concentrations fell below 13 g/dl during the ChT/RT protocol. The starting dose of epoetin alfa in both proups was 10,000 IU subcutaneously (se) three times a week (tiw). The following major parameters were evaluated: (1) change in Hb concentrations relative to the baseline as measured at 4-week intervals, (2) allogenic blood transfusion requirements in relation to Hb concentrations, and (3) incidence and severity of adverse events and their potential relationship to epoetin alfa administration. (Abstract truncated at 2000 characters)
Published in DiRROS: 14.02.2024; Views: 195; Downloads: 61
Full text (135,72 KB) |
