601. Changes in food consumption during the COVID-19 pandemic : analysis of consumer survey data from the first lockdown period in Denmark, Germany, and SloveniaMeike Janssen, Betty Pei Ing Chang, Hristo Hristov, Igor Pravst, Adriano Profeta, Jeremy Millard, 2021, original scientific article Published in DiRROS: 12.11.2025; Views: 174; Downloads: 87
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606. Enhanced oral glucose tolerance test for early detection of insulin resistance and metabolic complications in children with obesityUrh Grošelj, Jan Kafol, Jaka Šikonja, Matej Mlinarič, Robert Šket, Žiga Iztok Remec, Jernej Kovač, Ana Drole Torkar, Jasna Šuput, Barbka Repič-Lampret, Tadej Battelino, Primož Kotnik, 2025, original scientific article Abstract: Background and aims: Early detection of insulin resistance (IR) and obesity-related complications is crucial for preventing type 2 diabetes. This study aimed to identify dynamic metabolic biomarkers for more precise early detection of IR and metabolic abnormalities. Methods: This cross-sectional cohort study evaluated IR and metabolic biomarkers in 403 children with obesity (median age 13.18 years, 51.3 % female, 98.5 % with obesity) using an enhanced oral glucose tolerance test (eOGTT). IR was assessed via four indices, with the Matsuda Insulin Sensitivity Index (ISI-M) used as the primary measure. Participants were stratified into quartiles based on ISI-M. Results: Participants with the highest IR (Q1) were older (p = 0.002), had a higher body mass index, were in a more advanced pubertal stage (p < 0.001), and had significantly elevated glucose and insulin levels (p < 0.001 for both) compared to the most insulin sensitive (Q4), with significant differences observed across all quartiles (p < 0.050 for all). Insulin at 120 min demonstrated excellent diagnostic accuracy for IR (AUC=0.958). Triglyceride levels in Q1 showed minimal decline during the eOGTT, while greater declines were observed with increasing insulin sensitivity (p = 0.002 across quartiles), suggesting that a lack of decline in triglycerides may help identify IR. High-sensitivity C-reactive protein levels increased with IR (p = 0.024). Baseline beta-hydroxybutyrate levels were highest in the Q4 and showed the greatest absolute decrease during the eOGTT, compared to Q1 (p < 0.001 for both). Conclusions: We validated established IR markers in children with obesity, while demonstrating that eOGTT may offer improved characterization and earlier identification of those at risk for metabolic complications.
Keywords: insulin resistance, oral glucose tolerance test, OGTT, metabolic complications, screening, children, adolescents, obesity
Published in DiRROS: 11.11.2025; Views: 213; Downloads: 92
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607. The association of KEAP1 and NFE2L2 polymorphisms with glycemic control and late complications in patients with type 2 diabetesZala Vraničar, Katja Goričar, Tanja Blagus, Vita Dolžan, Jasna Klen, 2025, original scientific article Abstract: To investigate the association of KEAP1 rs1048290, rs9676881 and NFE2L2 rs6706649, rs6721961, rs35652124 polymorphisms with glycemic control and development of late complications in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), a total of 316 T2DM patients were included in the retrospective genetic association study. Genotyping was performed using competitive allele-specific PCR. Data on HbA1c levels as a measure of glycemic control, and information on late complications, including ischemic heart disease, retinopathy, and nephropathy, was obtained from the medical records. Logistic regression analysis was used to assess the association between selected genetic polymorphisms and patients outcomes. Significant associations were observed between KEAP1 rs9676881 (p < 0.001) and NFE2L2 rs6721961 (p = 0.006) polymorphisms and elevated HbA1c levels. Additionally, NFE2L2 rs35652124 polymorphism was linked to a nominally higher risk of late complications, including ischemic heart disease (p = 0.036), retinopathy (p = 0.032), and nephropathy (p = 0.026). Results indicate that polymorphisms in the KEAP1 and NFE2L2 genes may influence glycemic control and the development of late complications in T2DM patients. These findings provide valuable insights into the genetic factors underlying T2DM progression and its complications in European populations, highlighting the potential role of genetic markers in optimizing personalized treatment strategies.
Keywords: diabetes mellitus type 2, oxidative pathway, genetic polymorphism, microvascular complications, macrovascular complications, personalized medicine
Published in DiRROS: 11.11.2025; Views: 199; Downloads: 103
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608. Rapid oxidation of adsorbed organic impurities on stainless steel by treatment with diluted peroxynitric acidJernej Ekar, Miran Mozetič, Janez Kovač, Nina Recek, Satoshi Ikawa, Katsuhisa Kitano, 2025, original scientific article Abstract: Stainless steel forms a native film of mixed metal oxides, and organic impurities are likely to adsorb on the surface upon exposure to ambient conditions. For many applications, oxides and impurities should be removed, and several techniques have been used for decades. An innovative method is presented in this paper. The organic impurities were oxidized using a water solution of 1 M peroxynitric acid (PNA). Stainless steel samples were immersed in the solution, and the oxidation of organic impurities was evaluated by the ultra-thin depth profiling using secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS). A minute of treatment with PNA caused oxidation of organic impurities and a decrease in the SIMS CN– signal over an order of magnitude. Prolonged treatment caused the selective removal of the native iron oxide film, leaving a protective film of chromium oxide. Removal of the iron oxide film was also observed when stainless steel was treated with 1 M HNO3. The PNA method is useful for routine cleaning of stainless steel to remove the organic contaminants from the surface and keep the passive chromium oxide film intact. It is ecologically friendly and enables rapid decomposition of the traces of organic impurities likely to be adsorbed on the metallic surfaces.
Keywords: peroxynitric acid, surface modifications, secondary ion mass spectrometry
Published in DiRROS: 11.11.2025; Views: 166; Downloads: 82
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609. Stabilisation of lutein and lutein esters with polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate, medium-chain triglyceride oil and lecithinZala Gombač, Ilja Gasan Osojnik Črnivec, Mihaela Skrt, Katja Istenič, Andreja Knez Knafelj, Igor Pravst, Nataša Poklar Ulrih, 2021, original scientific article Published in DiRROS: 11.11.2025; Views: 127; Downloads: 93
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