561. From plastic use in the construction and built environment to state-of-the-art circular economy solutions to combat microplastic pollutionKatja Turk, Gabriela Kalčíková, Anita Jemec Kokalj, Branka Mušič, 2025, review article Abstract: Plastics are widely used in the construction and building industry, accounting for 23.5% of European plastic consumption. They can replace traditional materials in various applications, including building insulation, piping, paints, adhesives, sealants, roofing, flooring, etc., serve as key components in various composites, and are indispensable for packaging materials and elements that facilitate the construction process itself. Despite their long lifespan, building materials inevitably degrade over time, releasing microplastics (MPs) that contribute to environmental pollution. According to some estimates, annual emissions of MPs in the European Union range from 0.7 to 1.8 Mt, with building paints identified as a dominant source, contributing between 231,000 and 863,000 tons per year. However, reported numbers vary significantly across studies, reflecting the substantial uncertainties still present in quantifying MPs. Now ubiquitous across ecosystems worldwide, MPs have become one of the most pressing concerns of the scientific community, leading to a rapid expansion of research in recent years. Yet less than 0.6% of studies focus on their presence in the construction and building sector, leaving this major industry largely overlooked. This review consolidates scattered knowledge by examining the applications of plastics in the construction and built environment and their role in microplastic generation throughout the materials' life cycle, from production and application to use and end-of-life management. It also examines MPs within the broader framework of sustainable development, particularly in the transition from a linear to a circular economy, where MPs could potentially be repurposed as secondary raw materials for new products. Particular emphasis is placed on recent research exploring the incorporation of MPs into construction materials, while highlighting state-of-the-art solutions that demonstrate their potential commercial viability. Moreover, this article raises awareness of the potential risks associated with such practices, offering authors’ critical perspective on existing research and emphasizing the need for a comprehensive evaluation of their impacts. By synthesizing the current state of knowledge, this review lays the groundwork for advancing future research, developing mitigation strategies, and fostering more sustainable material management in the construction and building sector.
Keywords: microplastics, building, construction, pollution, circular economy
Published in DiRROS: 17.11.2025; Views: 157; Downloads: 109
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562. Sustainable food supply in SloveniaSara Bele, Ben Moljk, Maja Kožar, Matej Bedrač, Ajda Bleiweis, Jure Brečko, Špela Pucihar, Tanja Travnikar, Jože Verbič, Barbara Zagorc, Barbara Bernard Vukadin, 2025, professional monograph Published in DiRROS: 17.11.2025; Views: 198; Downloads: 75
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564. Trajnostna oskrba s hrano v SlovenijiSara Bele, Ben Moljk, Maja Kožar, Matej Bedrač, Ajda Bleiweis, Jure Brečko, Špela Pucihar, Tanja Travnikar, Jože Verbič, Barbara Zagorc, Barbara Bernard Vukadin, 2025, professional monograph Published in DiRROS: 17.11.2025; Views: 199; Downloads: 87
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565. Guideline adherence in febrile children below 3 months visiting European Emergency Departments : an observational multicenter studyChantal D. Tan, Eline E. P. L. van der Walle, Clementien L. Vermont, Ulrich Von Both, Enitan D Carrol, Irini Eleftheriou, Marieke Emonts, Michiel Van der Flier, Ronald De Groot, Marko Pokorn, 2022, original scientific article Abstract: Febrile children below 3 months have a higher risk of serious bacterial infections, which often leads to extensive diagnostics and treatment. There is practice variation in management due to differences in guidelines and their usage and adherence. We aimed to assess whether management in febrile children below 3 months attending European Emergency Departments (EDs) was according to the guidelines for fever. This study is part of the MOFICHE study, which is an observational multicenter study including routine data of febrile children (0–18 years) attending twelve EDs in eight European countries. In febrile children below 3 months (excluding bronchiolitis), we analyzed actual management compared to the guidelines for fever. Ten EDs applied the (adapted) NICE guideline, and two EDs applied local guidelines. Management included diagnostic tests, antibiotic treatment, and admission. We included 913 children with a median age of 1.7 months (IQR 1.0–2.3). Management per ED varied as follows: use of diagnostic tests 14–83%, antibiotic treatment 23–54%, admission 34–86%. Adherence to the guideline was 43% (374/868) for blood cultures, 29% (144/491) for lumbar punctures, 55% (270/492) for antibiotic prescriptions, and 67% (573/859) for admission. Full adherence to these four management components occurred in 15% (132/868, range 0–38%), partial adherence occurred in 56% (484/868, range 35–77%). Conclusion: There is large practice variation in management. The guideline adherence was limited, but highest for admission which implies a cautious approach. Future studies should focus on guideline revision including new biomarkers in order to optimize management in young febrile children.
Keywords: fever, children, pediatrics, guideline, emergency care
Published in DiRROS: 17.11.2025; Views: 136; Downloads: 68
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566. Impact of infection on proteome-wide glycosylation revealed by distinct signatures for bacterial and viral pathogensEsther Willems, Jolein Gloerich, Anouk Suppers, Michiel Van der Flier, 2023, original scientific article Abstract: Mechanisms of infection and pathogenesis have predominantly been studied based on differential gene or protein expression. Less is known about posttrans-lational modifications, which are essential for protein functional diversity. We applied an innovative glycoproteomics method to study the systemic prote-ome-wide glycosylation in response to infection. The protein site-specific glyco-sylation was characterized in plasma derived from well-defined controls and patients. We found 3862 unique features, of which we identified 463 distinct intact glycopeptides, that could be mapped to more than 30 different proteins. Statistical analyses were used to derive a glycopeptide signature that enabled significant differentiation between patients with a bacterial or viral infection. Furthermore, supported by a machine learning algorithm, we demonstrated the ability to identify the causative pathogens based on the distinctive host blood plasma glycopeptide signatures. These results illustrate that glycoproteomics holds enormous potential as an innovative approach to improve the interpreta-tion of relevant biological changes in response to infection.
Keywords: plasma, roles, glycoproteomics, biomarkers, profiles, children, glycome
Published in DiRROS: 17.11.2025; Views: 118; Downloads: 55
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567. Genetic variability in sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 and glucagonlike peptide 1 receptor effect on glycemic and pressure control in type 2 diabetes patients treated with SGLT2 inhibitors and GLP-1RA in the everyday clinical practiceGašper Tonin, Katja Goričar, Tanja Blagus, Andrej Janež, Vita Dolžan, Jasna Klen, 2025, original scientific article Abstract: We investigated the impact of genetic polymorphisms in the GLP1R and SLC5A2 genes on the response to treatment with glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R) agonists and sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 (SLGT2) inhibitors in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in everyday clinical practice.In our prospective interventional cohort open-label real-world genetic association study (DRKS-ID: DRKS00034478, https://drks.de/search/en/trial/DRKS00034478), we enrolled 161 clinically well-defined T2DM patients who received SGLT2 inhibitors and/or GLP-1R agonists alongside other medications for 3-6 months. The study's primary outcomes (HbA1c, body mass, and blood pressure) were measured before the treatment and at the follow-up at 3-6 months. GLP1R rs6923761, rs10305420, and SLC5A2 rs9934336 genotypes were determined by competitive allelespecific polymerase chain reaction. In patients receiving GLP-1R agonists, we analyzed the effect of GLP1R polymorphisms on the patients' response to treatment, while in patients receiving SGLT2 inhibitors, we analyzed the impact of the SLC5A2 polymorphism on the treatment effect.Treatment with prescribed antihyperglycemic drugs improved all primary outcomes (p < 0.050). The normal GLP1R rs6923761 G allele was associated with a greater reduction in HbA1c with GLP-1R agonists treatment than the polymorphic A allele in the dominant model (p = 0.029).The prevalent polymorphic A allele of GLP1R rs6923761 polymorphism was associated with the clinically relevant lower glycemic response to GLP-1R agonists. The described impact extends to everyday clinical practice, indicating that knowledge of these genetic polymorphisms could facilitate the development of targeted and personalized therapy in managing T2DM.
Keywords: polymorphism, type 2 diabetes, treatment response
Published in DiRROS: 17.11.2025; Views: 139; Downloads: 66
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568. Genomic reanalysis of a pan-European rare-disease resource yields new diagnosesSteven Laurie, Wouter Steyaert, Elke De Boer, Kiran Polavarapu, Nika Schuermans, Anna K. Sommer, German Demidov, Aleš Maver, Borut Peterlin, 2025, original scientific article Abstract: Genetic diagnosis of rare diseases requires accurate identification and interpretation of genomic variants. Clinical and molecular scientists from 37 expert centers across Europe created the Solve-Rare Diseases Consortium (Solve-RD) resource, encompassing clinical, pedigree and genomic rare-disease data (94.5% exomes, 5.5% genomes), and performed systematic reanalysis for 6,447 individuals (3,592 male, 2,855 female) with previously undiagnosed rare diseases from 6,004 families. We established a collaborative, two-level expert review infrastructure that allowed a genetic diagnosis in 506 (8.4%) families. Of 552 disease-causing variants identified, 464 (84.1%) were single-nucleotide variants or short insertions/deletions. These variants were either located in recently published novel disease genes (n = 67), recently reclassified in ClinVar (n = 187) or reclassified by consensus expert decision within Solve-RD (n = 210). Bespoke bioinformatics analyses identified the remaining 15.9% of causative variants (n = 88). Ad hoc expert review, parallel to the systematic reanalysis, diagnosed 249 (4.1%) additional families for an overall diagnostic yield of 12.6%. The infrastructure and collaborative networks set up by Solve-RD can serve as a blueprint for future further scalable international efforts. The resource is open to the global rare-disease community, allowing phenotype, variant and gene queries, as well as genome-wide discoveries.
Keywords: rare diseases, identification, interpretation, genetic diagnosis, genomic variants
Published in DiRROS: 17.11.2025; Views: 118; Downloads: 70
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569. Postnatal levels of glycated albumin and glycated hemoglobin A1c in mothers of large-for-gestational-age newbornsMojca Železnik, Alenka Trampuš-Bakija, Darja Paro Panjan, Aneta Soltirovska Šalamon, 2024, original scientific article Abstract: Background: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is an important cause of macrosomia. The value of glycated albumin (GlyA) has been demonstrated to be a useful marker of glycemic control in pregnancy and a predictor of adverse perinatal outcomes. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between the postnatal levels of GlyA and glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) regarding the prenatal diagnosis of GDM in mothers of large-for-gestational-age (LGA) newborns. Methods: The study included mothers and their LGA newborns born between July 2017 and September 2019. The mothers were grouped according to the prenatal diagnosis of GDM, and measurements of GlyA and HbA1c levels in their serum were performed on the first day after delivery of a LGA newborn. Results: A total of 61 LGA newborns and their mothers were enrolled in the study. The median GlyA level was higher, at 16.4% (81.0 µmol/L), whereas the HbA1c level was lower in the group without a prenatal diagnosis of GDM; the differences between groups regarding the GlyA and HbA1c levels were not significant (p > 0.05). The postnatal level of maternal GlyA was positively correlated with birth weight (β = 0.022, p = 0.007), but no correlation with the presence of other adverse perinatal outcomes was found. Conclusion: Mothers of LGA newborns who were not diagnosed with GDM during pregnancy had higher median levels of GlyA and lower HbA1c levels than mothers with prenatal diagnosis of GDM. Values of GlyA in mothers were positively correlated with the birth weight of their newborns but no correlation with other adverse perinatal outcomes was found. Our results indicate the potential value of GlyA for screening of GDM in the last trimester of pregnancy.
Keywords: gestational diabetes mellitus, glycated albumin, glycated hemoglobin, large for gestational age, newborn
Published in DiRROS: 17.11.2025; Views: 151; Downloads: 66
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570. Overall hemostatic potential as a marker of subclinical hypercoagulability in treated psoriasis patientsEva Klara Merzel Šabović, Tadeja Kraner Šumenjak, Mojca Božič Mijovski, Miodrag Janić, 2025, original scientific article Abstract: Background: Psoriasis is associated with increased cardiovascular risk, possibly mediated by inflammation-induced hemostatic dysregulation and hypercoagulability. However, these changes are often difficult to detect with conventional markers. Objectives: To assess hypercoagulability in patients with psoriasis using the Overall Hemostatic Potential (OHP) test, a global integrative test for coagulation and fibrinolysis. Methods: We studied 80 psoriasis patients (54 men, 26 women, aged 30– 45 years) receiving effective topical or systemic treatments (methotrexate, adalimumab, secukinumab or guselkumab) and compared them with 20 healthy controls. We measured OHP, its components — overall coagulation potential (OCP) and overall fibrinolytic potential (OFP) and selected hemostatic markers (platelet count, mean platelet volume, platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio, P-selectin, D-dimer and fibrinogen). Results: Psoriasis patients had significantly higher OHP levels, primarily due to decreased OFP, while OCP levels were comparable to the control group — indicating a hypercoagulable state due to impaired fibrinolysis. Other conventional hemostatic markers showed no significant differences. OHP and OFP correlated with residual inflammatory activity, BMI, waist circumference, visceral adiposity and fibrinogen levels, suggesting a relationship between subclinical inflammation, metabolic parameters and hemostatic imbalance. Conclusion: The OHP test reveals a hypercoagulable state in psoriasis patients even in the absence of abnormal standard coagulation markers. OHP could be a practical and sensitive tool to stratify cardiovascular risk in psoriasis, especially in patients with concomitant metabolic disease or persistent inflammation.
Keywords: psoriasis, hypercoagulability, overall hemostatic potential, OHP, fibrinolysis, obesity
Published in DiRROS: 17.11.2025; Views: 153; Downloads: 63
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