1. Radioactive sources in brachytherapyJanez Burger, 2003, strokovni članek Povzetek: Background. In modern brachytherapy, a greast step forward was made in the 1960s in France with the introduction of new radioactive isotopes and new techniques. These innovations spread rapidly across Europe, though no single dosimetry standard had been set by then. In the new millennium, the advances in brachytherapy are further stimulated by the introduction of 3-D imaging techniques and the latest after loading irradiation equipment that use point sources. The international organiyation ICRU (International Commission on Radiation Units) worked out brachytherapy techniques and standardized them in 1985 and in 1997. Due to rapid development of new techniques, the revision is required in order to set new international standards in dosimetry and brachytherapy techniques that will fit to the changed conditions in radiotherapy. Conclusions. This is an outline of radioactive sources that are currently used in brachytherapy, such as Cs-137, Ir-192, Ra-226, Rn-222, Co-60, I-131, I-125, Pd-103, Tu-106 and Cf-252.
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 06.02.2024; Ogledov: 174; Prenosov: 34
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2. European project BRAPHYQSJanez Burger, 2002, strokovni članek Povzetek: Background. Quality assurance in radiotherapy and brachytherapy is extremely important because errors that may occur during treatment process can be fatal for the patient. European Society for Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology has therefore founded BRAPHYQS, a special group that is responsible for the revision of quality assurance procedures of treatment performed in brachytherapy centers and for outlining common standards of work in European countries. Conclusions. The project BRAPHYQS has the following aims: (1) to publish European recommendations for implementing QA/QC in European brachytherapy centers; (2) to set up a central dosimetry audit in European brachytherapy centers (this task will be delegated to ESTRO-EQUAL laboratory at the Institute Gustave Roussy in Paris); (3) to set up a central audit for the geometrical reconstruction of source positions with a special test phantomthat will be available to each brachytherapy center. Hence, a series of"Baltas phantoms" will be elaborated and distributed to the brachytherapy centers in Europe; (4) to prepare a draft of booklet of QA/QC recommendations for testing the brachytherapy equipment and therapy planning systems.
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 31.01.2024; Ogledov: 151; Prenosov: 33
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3. Radical irradiation of the prostate. Combination of percutaneous irradiation and irradiation with LDR Ir-192 implantsBorut Kragelj, Franc Guna, Janez Burger, 2001, izvirni znanstveni članek Povzetek: Background. The irradiation of the carcinomas of the prostate with the doses above the tolerable ones of standard radiotherapy improves the local control of the disease. The aim of this study is to determine the acute toxicity and tolerability of the high-dose prostate irradiation combining external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) and interstitial low dose rate (LDR) brachyradiotherapy (BRT) Ir-192 of the prostate. Material and methods. We examined medical records of 8 patients with localized carcinoma of the prostate (T2-T3 No-x Mo)treated from August 1999 until February 2000. The initial PSA was 2.7-37.5 ng/ml (median 13.7) and Gleason score 4-9 (median 7). Radiotherapy consisted of 48.6-50.4 Gy of EBRT to the prostate and seminal vesicles (4 patients) or the whole pelvis (4 patients) and 20.0-28.0 Gy of interstital LDR Ir-192 BRT given as a single fraction, fluoroscopic guided transperineal Implantation of the prostate. The cumulative doses of percutaneous and interstitial irraditations to the prostate were 68.6 - 79.1 Gy. Results. Acute toxic effects of irradiation though observed in all patients were of only mild intensity. According to the RTOG criteria, 20/30 toxicities were assessed as grade 1, 9/30 as grade 2, and 1/30 as grade 3. In none of the patients, toxic effects required any specific modification of the treatment regimen. Conclusions. The very first experiences indicate moderate toxicity and optimaltolerance of the treatment by patients. An improvement of implantation techniques may be expected with regular CT controls of the implants and extra attentive care of the implants in the urethra region.
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 25.01.2024; Ogledov: 178; Prenosov: 42
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