61. Transition dates from earlywood to latewood and early phloem to late phloem in Norway SpruceJožica Gričar, Katarina Čufar, Klemen Eler, Vladimir Gryc, Hanuš Vavrčík, Martin De Luis, Peter Prislan, 2021, izvirni znanstveni članek Povzetek: Climate change will affect radial growth patterns of trees, which will result in different forest productivity, wood properties, and timber quality. While many studies have been published on xylem phenology and anatomy lately, little is known about the phenology of earlywood and latewood formation, also in relation to cambial phenology. Even less information is available for phloem. Here, we examined year-to-year variability of the transition dates from earlywood to latewood and from early phloem to late phloem in Norway spruce (Picea abies) from three temperate sites, two in Slovenia and one in the Czech Republic. Data on xylem and phloem formation were collected during 2009-2011. Sensitivity analysis was performed to determine the specific contribution of growth rate and duration on wood and phloem production, separately for early and late formed parts. We found significant differences in the transition date from earlywood to latewood between the selected sites, but not between growth seasons in trees from the same site. It occurred in the first week of July at PAN and MEN and more than two weeks later at RAJ. The duration of earlywood formation was longer than that of latewood formation; from 31.4 days at PAN to 61.3 days at RAJ. In phloem, we found differences in transition date from early phloem to late phloem also between the analysed growth seasons; from 2.5 weeks at PAN to 4 weeks at RAJ Compared to the transition from earlywood to latewood the transition from early phloem to late phloem occurred 25-64 days earlier. There was no significant relationship between the onset of cambial cell production and the transition dates. The findings are important to better understand the inter-annual variability of these phenological events in spruce from three contrasting temperate sites, and how it is reflected in xylem and phloem anatomy.
Ključne besede: Picea abies, xylem formation, phloem formation, cambium, tracheid, sieve cell, conifer, temperate environment
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 22.03.2021; Ogledov: 1181; Prenosov: 850
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63. Predlog števila in lokacij kontrolnih-lovnih pasti in kontrolno-lovnih nastav v 2021Nikica Ogris, Marija Kolšek, Maarten De Groot, 2021, drugi znanstveni članki Ključne besede: kontrolno-lovna past, kontrolno-lovna nastava, optimizacija, protokoli, osmerozobi smrekov lubadar, Ips typographus, smreka, Picea abies, spremljanje, monitoring
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 04.02.2021; Ogledov: 1218; Prenosov: 983
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64. Estimating the most effective and economical pheromone for monitoring the European spruce bark beetleNina Šramel, Andreja Kavčič, Marija Kolšek, Maarten De Groot, 2021, izvirni znanstveni članek Povzetek: In recent decades, there have been an increasing number of outbreaks of Ips typographus in Europe. A large amount of sanitary felling has taken place, with significant economic and ecological consequences. In order to anticipate such large%scale outbreaks, an effective monitoring system should be set up. One important aspect of monitoring is deciding which pheromone to use. Therefore, we decided to test five different commercially available pheromone lures under different disturbance conditions: Pheroprax%, IT Ecolure Extra%, Ipstyp%, Ipsowit% and Typosan%. We investigated the ability of the pheromones to distinguish between disturbed and undisturbed locations, their cost%efficiency ratio, and side effects such as bycatch abundance and composition. We set 50 traps in two areas with sites that were disturbed and undisturbed by windstorms. We collected the catch from traps every 1%2 weeks from the end of March until the end of September in 2019. We found that IT Ecolure Extra%, Ipsowit% and % Pheroprax% caught the most I. typographus and best showed changes in the trap catch of I. typographus throughout the whole season. There was a low amount of bycatch (<6% of the total catch) and a low number of predators (a few specimens), but some groups seem to prefer certain pheromones. The cost of the pheromones increased with their effectiveness. However, pheromone costs are low relative to the personnel costs involved in setting traps and collecting the catch. Based on all of the gathered data, we created an index which helps to assess the cost%efficiency of the five chosen commercially available pheromones. We also present guidelines on how to make such an index to assist other researchers in choosing the right pheromone for monitoring populations of I. typographus or other bark beetle species.
Ključne besede: bark beetles, cost-efficiency, Ips typographus, monitoring pheromones, Picea abies
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 21.01.2021; Ogledov: 1456; Prenosov: 805
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65. The effect of crown social class on bark thickness and sapwood moisture content in Norway spruceLuka Krajnc, Jožica Gričar, 2020, izvirni znanstveni članek Povzetek: The research study examined the effect of tree properties (crown social class, diameter at breast height (DBH), and tree height) on bark thickness (BT) and sapwood moisture content (SMC) in Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) H. Karst.). Both examined variables were shown to be positively affected by DBH and tree height. The relationship between DBH and SMC varied among crown social classes, while the relationship between DBH and BT was relatively constant across crown social classes. Crown social class had a relatively small effect on BT and SMC, having a more pronounced effect on SMC than on BT. The relationship between tree height and BT did not vary across crown social classes, while the relationship between SMC and tree height was found to change slightly across crown social classes. Measurements of BT and SMC in the field are affordable, fast, and easy to use. Both variables could potentially be used to improve predictions of bark beetle attacks, as they reflect the physiological state of an individual tree.
Ključne besede: Picea abies, tree diameter, tree height, crown social class, phloem, sapwood
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 14.01.2021; Ogledov: 1271; Prenosov: 1053
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66. Preverjanje kratkoročnih napovedi sanitarnega poseka smreke in jelke zaradi podlubnikov v Sloveniji v 2020Nikica Ogris, Maarten De Groot, 2020, drugi znanstveni članki Ključne besede: navadna smreka, Picea abies, bela jelka, Abies alba, sanitarni posek, napovedi, ogroženost, modeli, validacija, zmogljivost, zanesljivost, točnost, natančnost, AUC, občutljivost, specifičnost
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 14.01.2021; Ogledov: 1117; Prenosov: 1140
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67. Predlogi postopkov za določitev optimalnega števila in lokacij kontrolnih pasti, kontrolnih nastav in lovnih nastav za osmerozobega smrekovega lubadarja (Ips typographus)Nikica Ogris, Marija Kolšek, Maarten De Groot, 2020, drugi znanstveni članki Ključne besede: kontrolna past, kontrolna nastava, lovna nastava, optimizacija, protokol, osmerozobi smrekov lubadar, Ips typographus, smreka, Picea abies, spremljanje, monitoring
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 14.01.2021; Ogledov: 1116; Prenosov: 784
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68. Pregled jelovih rastišč v SlovenijiIgor Dakskobler, Aleksander Marinšek, 2009, pregledni znanstveni članek Povzetek: Članek vsebuje pregled jelovih rastišč na ozemlju Slovenije. Našteli in kratko opisali smo deset jelovih (bukovo-jelovih, smrekovo-jelovih) združb. Nekatere uspevajo na svežih do vlažnih, nevtrofilnih ali acidofilnih rastiščih podgorskega in gorskega pasu (Galio-Abietetum, Bazzanio-Abietetum, Polysticho setiferi-Abietetum), druge na zelo skalnatih karbonatnih ali silikatnih rastiščih z inicialnimi tlemi (npr. Ribeso alpini-Piceetum, Neckero-Abietetum, Calamagrostio-Abietetum, Paraleucobryo-Abietetum). Jelka ima pomembno ekološko, biotopsko in gospodarsko vlogo v nekaterih bukovih (jelovo-bukovih) združbah (npr. Omphalodo-Fagetum, Homogyno sylvestris-Fagetum, Anemono-Fagetum). Uspeva v večini smrekovih združb, v macesnovju (Rhodothamno-Laricetum) in alpskem ruševju (Rhododendro hirsuti-Pinetum prostratae = Rhodothamno-Rhododendretum hirusti).
Ključne besede: gozdne združbe, bela jelka, Abies alba, jelovi gozdovi, fitocenologija, sintaksonomija, Slovenija
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 17.11.2020; Ogledov: 1520; Prenosov: 424
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69. Namnožitev osmerozobega in šesterozobega smrekovega lubadarja v Sloveniji v 2020Nikica Ogris, Marija Kolšek, 2020, strokovni članek Ključne besede: Ips typographus, Pityogenes chalcographus, namnožitev, navadna smreka, Picea abies, osmerozobi smrekov lubadar, šesterozobi smrekov lubadar, lokacija, populacija, gostota, model, RITY-2, CHAPY-1
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 30.07.2020; Ogledov: 1678; Prenosov: 883
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