| Title: | Microplastics from cigarette filters : comparative effects on selected terrestrial and aquatic invertebrates |
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| Authors: | ID Dolar, Andraž (Author)
ID Mušič, Branka (Author)
ID Skalar, Tina (Author)
ID Marolt, Gregor (Author)
ID Drobne, Damjana (Author)
ID Sever Škapin, Andrijana (Author)
ID Jemec Kokalj, Anita (Author) |
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| Files: |  PDF - Presentation file, download (4,78 MB)
MD5: 7B97EA326E587AEA464B6656BD723863
 URL - Source URL, visit https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2025.126199
 DOCX - Supplement, download (3,71 MB)
MD5: 48035506DE746F483CAB095330081FEB
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| Language: | English |
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| Typology: | 1.01 - Original Scientific Article |
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| Organization: |  ZAG - Slovenian National Building and Civil Engineering Institute
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| Abstract: | Cigarette filters comprise plasticised cellulose acetate, a synthetic polymer categorized as bioplastic. They represent a significant source of microplastics (MPs), in particular microfibers, and associated chemicals, yet their impact on organisms, especially soil invertebrates, is not well-studied. This research examines the effects of MPs milled from smoked (SCF-MPs) and unsmoked cigarette filters (UCF-MPs) on terrestrial invertebrates (Porcellio scaber, Tenebrio molitor) and aquatic invertebrates (Daphnia magna, Brachionus calyciflorus). SCF-MPs and UCF-MPs were found to be 9.06 ± 4.1 μm and 12.71 ± 6.82 μm in size, respectively. Both samples contained triacetin and potentially toxic metals, while SCF-MPs also contained nicotine and a larger number of trace organic compounds. While exposure to SCF-MPs or UCF-MPs (up to 1.5 % MPs, w/w in soil) did not affect the survival of either terrestrial invertebrate, several physiological responses were observed. These included changes in immune parameters, energy-related biomarker levels, and altered glutathione S-transferase and acetylcholinesterase activities. Both types of MPs were acutely toxic to aquatic invertebrates, reducing the survival rates of B. calyciflorus (10 mg L−1 of either particle after 48h exposure) and D. magna (100 mg L−1 of SCF-MPs after 48h exposure). SCF-MPs generally caused more pronounced effects than UCF-MPs. This study highlights the need for effective environmental management to address both smoked and unsmoked cigarette filters. |
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| Keywords: | cigarette buts, cigarette filters, microfibers, crustaceans, insects, rotifers |
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| Publication status: | Published |
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| Publication version: | Version of Record |
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| Publication date: | 02.04.2025 |
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| Publisher: | Elsevier |
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| Year of publishing: | 2025 |
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| Number of pages: | str. 1-11 |
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| Numbering: | Vol. 374, [article no.] 126199 |
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| PID: | 20.500.12556/DiRROS-22201  |
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| UDC: | 592 |
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| ISSN on article: | 1873-6424 |
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| DOI: | 10.1016/j.envpol.2025.126199 |
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| COBISS.SI-ID: | 232114947 |
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| Copyright: | © 2025 The Authors |
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| Publication date in DiRROS: | 09.05.2025 |
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| Views: | 581 |
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| Downloads: | 388 |
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