| Title: | Alkali-activated mineral residues in construction : case studies on bauxite residue and steel slag pavement tiles |
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| Authors: | ID Kriskova, Lubica (Author)
ID Ducman, Vilma (Author)
ID Loncnar, Mojca (Author)
ID Tesovnik, Anže (Author)
ID Žibret, Gorazd (Author)
ID Skentzou, Dimitra (Author)
ID Georgopoulos, Christos (Author) |
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| Files: |  URL - Source URL, visit https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/18/2/257
 PDF - Presentation file, download (4,04 MB)
MD5: 98AB0A35B9316534D3488979366DA9E9
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| Language: | English |
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| Typology: | 1.01 - Original Scientific Article |
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| Organization: |  ZAG - Slovenian National Building and Civil Engineering Institute
 GeoZS - Geological Survey of Slovenia
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| Abstract: | This research aimed to investigate the potential of using alkali activation technology to valorize steel slag and bauxite residue for the production of high-performance pavement blocks. By utilizing these industrial by-products, the study seeks to reduce their environmental impact and support the development of sustainable construction materials. Lab-scale testing showed that bauxite pavers showed a decrease in mechanical strength with increasing replacement of ordinary Portland cement. Partial replacement up to 20% still exceeded 30 MPa in compressive strength. Steel slag-based pavers achieved the 30 MPa threshold required for the application with selected mix designs. Pilot-scale production-optimized formulations and standards testing, including freeze–thaw resistance, confirmed the technical viability of these products. Life cycle analysis indicated a 25–27% reduction in CO2 emissions for slag-based tiles compared to traditional concrete tiles. Moreover, using industrial residue reduced mineral resource depletion. This study examined the properties of the resulting alkali-activated binders, their ecological benefits, and their performance compared to conventional materials. Through a comprehensive analysis of these applications, our research promotes the circular economy and the advancement of sustainable construction products. |
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| Keywords: | alkali-activated materials, building materials, bauxite residue, steel slag, pavers |
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| Publication status: | Published |
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| Publication version: | Version of Record |
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| Publication date: | 09.01.2025 |
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| Publisher: | Molecular Diversity Preservation International |
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| Year of publishing: | 2025 |
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| Number of pages: | 1-18 str. |
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| Numbering: | Vol. 18, iss. 2, [article no.] 257 |
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| PID: | 20.500.12556/DiRROS-21217  |
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| UDC: | 620.1/.2 |
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| ISSN on article: | 1996-1944 |
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| DOI: | 10.3390/ma18020257 |
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| COBISS.SI-ID: | 222369539 |
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| Copyright: | © 2025 by the authors.
Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. |
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| Publication date in DiRROS: | 20.01.2025 |
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| Views: | 811 |
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| Downloads: | 437 |
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