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Title:A Raman microspectroscopy-based comparison of pigments applied in two gothic wall paintings in Slovenia
Authors:ID Gutman, Maja (Author)
ID Mladenovič, Ajda (Author)
ID Križnar, Anabelle (Author)
ID Dolenec, Sabina (Author)
Files:URL URL - Source URL, visit https://doi.org/10.2451/2019PM778
 
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Language:English
Typology:1.01 - Original Scientific Article
Organization:Logo ZAG - Slovenian National Building and Civil Engineering Institute
Abstract:The present study deals with the characterisation of pigments used in two overlaid gothic wall paintings from the former 13th century Minorite church of St. Francis of Assisi (Koper, Slovenia), in order to define differences in the technologies used. Paint layer samples were analysed via Raman microspectroscopy, supported by SEM/EDS and FTIR analysis, when necessary. The results revealed that the 14th century mural was painted mainly a fresco with final elements a secco, a technique typical of Italian mediaeval wall painting. In contrast, the 15th century painting was executed mostly a secco, a technique often applied in Northern Europe and the Alpine region. The differences between the two paintings are especially obvious in the pigments applied. While the earlier painting is characterised by azurite, carbon black, red and yellow ochres, lime white and green earth, the palette used for the younger painting is much broader. In addition to red and yellow ochres, carbon black and lime white, lead pigments such as lead white, red lead and lead-tin yellow type I were also determined, as well as a number of expensive pigments including cinnabar, azurite and malachite. Also found in the younger painting was the rare orange yellow pigment vanadinite. In both layers, azurite was applied a secco for the background area. Gilding was confirmed in both layers, carried out as application of gold leaves on red bole (in the earlier mural) and on mordant (on a younger, superimposed (overlaid painting), which is quite exclusive and rare for Slovene mediaeval painting. In the younger layer also a use of tin foil for secondary elements was discovered.
Keywords:wall paintings, pigments, Gothic, golding, Raman microspectroscopy
Publication status:Published
Publication version:Version of Record
Publication date:01.04.2019
Publisher:Bardi Editore
Year of publishing:2019
Number of pages:str. 77-86
Numbering:No. 1, Vol. 88
PID:20.500.12556/DiRROS-17191 New window
UDC:620.1/.2
ISSN on article:2239-1002
DOI:10.2451/2019PM778 New window
COBISS.SI-ID:2429799 New window
Copyright:© authors, 2019
Note:Nasl. z nasl. zaslona; Opis z dne 19. 2. 2019;
Publication date in DiRROS:27.10.2023
Views:929
Downloads:466
Metadata:XML DC-XML DC-RDF
:
GUTMAN, Maja, MLADENOVIČ, Ajda, KRIŽNAR, Anabelle and DOLENEC, Sabina, 2019, A Raman microspectroscopy-based comparison of pigments applied in two gothic wall paintings in Slovenia. Periodico di mineralogia [online]. 2019. Vol. 1, no. 88, p. 77–86. [Accessed 10 April 2025]. DOI 10.2451/2019PM778. Retrieved from: https://dirros.openscience.si/IzpisGradiva.php?lang=eng&id=17191
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Record is a part of a journal

Title:Periodico di mineralogia
Shortened title:Period. mineral.
Publisher:Bardi Editore
ISSN:2239-1002
COBISS.SI-ID:523741721 New window

Document is financed by a project

Funder:ARRS - Slovenian Research Agency
Project number:P1-0237
Name:Raziskave obalnega morja

Licences

License:CC BY 4.0, Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
Link:http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Description:This is the standard Creative Commons license that gives others maximum freedom to do what they want with the work as long as they credit the author.

Secondary language

Language:Slovenian
Keywords:stenske poslikave, pigmenti, gotika, pozlata, ramanska mikrospektroskopija


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