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Title:V Sloveniji se povečuje osutost bukove krošnje
Authors:ID Ogris, Nikica (Author)
ID Skudnik, Mitja (Author)
Files:.pdf PDF - Presentation file, download (462,16 KB)
MD5: ABE2D12EF880F311CE49FDB3EA49028E
 
Language:Slovenian
Typology:1.01 - Original Scientific Article
Organization:Logo ZGDS - Zveza gozdarskih društev Slovenije
Abstract:V zadnjem času po vsej Sloveniji opažamo hiranje navadne bukve (Fagus sylvatica L.). Cilj prispevka je predstaviti dolgoročen trend osutosti krošnje navadne bukve v Sloveniji in pojasniti delež osutosti bukove krošnje s pomočjo podatkov iz popisa povzročiteljev poškodb v okviru vsakoletnega popisa razvrednotenja in poškodovanosti gozdov. Pri tem smo uporabili podatkovno zbirko o spremljanju osutosti in poškodovanosti dreves na M6 stalnih vzorčnih ploskvah (Nivo I) na sistematični mreži 16 % 16 km v obdobju 1993%2020. Rezultati kažejo, da se je povprečna osutost bukove krošnje od leta 1993 do 2020 povečala iz 13,9 % na 32,2 %. Dolgoročen linearen trend je pokazal, da se je povprečna osutost bukove krošnje povečala za 0,63 % na leto. Za trend povprečne osutosti bukve je bilo prelomno izjemno sušno leto 2003, ko se je trend osutosti povečal iz 0,61 % na 0,94 % na leto. Trend večanja osutosti bukve smo zaznali na vseh obravnavanih lokacijah. Ugotovili smo, da se povprečna osutost bukve hitreje veča na jugu in zahodu države. Katastrofalen žledolom leta 2014 je povzročil drastično spremembo povzročiteljev osutosti bukve. V obdobju pred žledolomom leta 2014 so osutost bukove krošnje najbolje pojasnjevale poškodbe zaradi žuželk. Po žledolomu leta 2014 so se povečale poškodbe bukve zaradi žleda, gliv, neposrednih človekovih vplivov (obsežne sanacije žledoloma) in drugih dejavnikov. Žledolom je na bukovih gozdovih pustil trajne posledice, saj so poškodbe zaradi žleda in posledično sanacije vidne še dandanes, kar je razvidno tudi iz popisa povzročiteljev poškodb bukve. V zadnjih dveh letih, 2019%2020, so glive najpomembnejše povzročiteljice poškodb bukve. Po letu 2014 pa se je zmanjšala poškodovanost bukve zaradi žuželk. Natančnih vzrokov za splošno slabšanje zdravstvenega stanja bukve po vsej Sloveniji še ne poznamo.
Keywords:Fagus sylvatica, bukev, osutost krošnje, poškodovanost, podnebne spremembe, žledolom, suša
Publication status:Published
Publication version:Version of Record
Year of publishing:2021
Year of performance:2021
Number of pages:str. 226-237
Numbering:Letn. 79, št. 5/6
PID:20.500.12556/DiRROS-14209 New window
UDC:630*42:630*17
ISSN on article:0017-2723
COBISS.SI-ID:71940867 New window
Publication date in DiRROS:02.08.2021
Views:1542
Downloads:402
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Secondary language

Language:Undetermined
Title:Beech defoliation in Slovenia is increasing
Abstract:Recently, we noticed decline of the common beech (Fagus sylvatica L.). The aim of this article is to present the long- -term trend of the common beech defoliation in Slovenia and to explain the defoliation share using the data from the inventory of damage agents in the framework of the annual inventory of the forest devaluation and damage. Thereby we applied the database on the monitoring of the tree defoliation and damage on the M6 permanent sampling plots (Level I) on the systematical 16 % 16 km grid in the period 1993%2020. The results show the average defoliation of the beech increased from 13.9 % to 32.2 % from 1993 to 2020. The long-term linear trend has shown that the average beech defoliation increased for 0.63 % yearly. The extremely dry year 2003, when the defoliation trend increased from 0.61 % to 0.94 % yearly, represented the milestone for the average beech defoliation trend. The trend of beech defoliation increase was detected in all studied locations. We found that the average beech defoliation is increasing more rapidly in the south and west of the country. The disastrous ice storm in 2014 caused a drastic change in the beech defoliation causes. In the period before the ice storm in 2014, the defoliation of the beech was best explained by the damage due to the insects. After the 2014 ice storm, increased the damages of the beech due to sleet, fungi, direct manmade impacts (ample ice storm sanitations) and other factors. The ice storm caused permanent consequences on the beech forests and the damage due to the ice storm and consequent sanitation are still visible today, which is also visible from the inventory of the beech damage agents. In the last two years, 2019%2020, fungi are the most important cause of beech damage. After 2014, the beech damage due to the insects decreased. The exact causes for the general decrease of beech health throughout Slovenia are not known yet.
Keywords:Fagus sylvatica, beech, tree crown defoliation, damage, climatic change, ice storm, drought


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