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Iskalni niz: "ključne besede" (pathogens) .

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1.
Genomics and adaptation in forest ecosystems
Charalambos Neophytou, Katrin Heer, Pascal Miles, Martina Peter, Tanja Pyhäjärvi, Marjana Westergren, Christian Rellstab, Felix Gugerli, 2022, izvirni znanstveni članek

Povzetek: Rapid human-induced environmental changes like climate warming represent a challenge for forest ecosystems. Due to their biological complexity and the long generation time of their keystone tree species, genetic adaptation in these ecosystems might not be fast enough to keep track with conditions changing at such a fast pace. The study of adaptation to environmental change and its genetic mechanisms is therefore key for ensuring a sustainable support and management of forests. The 4-day conference of the European Research Group EvolTree (https://www.evoltree.eu) on the topic of “Genomics and Adaptation in Forest Ecosystems” brought together over 130 scientists to present and discuss the latest developments and findings in forest evolutionary research. Genomic studies in forest trees have long been hampered by the lack of high-quality genomics resources and affordable genotyping methods. This has dramatically changed in the last few years; the conference impressively showed how such tools are now being applied to study past demography, adaptation and interactions with associated organisms. Moreover, genomic studies are now finally also entering the world of conservation and forest management, for example by measuring the value or cost of interspecific hybridization and introgression, assessing the vulnerability of species and populations to future change, or accurately delineating evolutionary significant units. The newly launched conference series of EvolTree will hopefully play a key role in the exchange and synthesis of such important investigations.
Ključne besede: gene conservation, genetic diversity, local adaptation, pathogens, selection, mycorrhizal fungi
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 18.02.2022; Ogledov: 630; Prenosov: 470
.pdf Celotno besedilo (1,04 MB)
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Forewarned is forearmed : harmonized approaches for early detection of potentially invasive pests and pathogens in sentinel plantings
Carmen Morales-Rodríguez, Sten Anslan, Marie-Anne Auger-Rozenberg, Sylvie Augustin, Yuri Baranchikov, Amani Bellahirech, Daiva Burokiene, Dovile Čepukoit, Ejup Çota, Kateryna Davydenko, Maarten De Groot, 2019, izvirni znanstveni članek

Povzetek: The number of invasive alien pest and pathogen species affecting ecosystem functioning, human health and economies has increased dramatically over the last decades. Discoveries of invasive pests and pathogens previously unknown to science or with unknown host associations yet damaging on novel hosts highlights the necessity of developing novel tools to predict their appearance in hitherto naïve environments. The use of sentinel plant systems is a promising tool to improve the detection of pests and pathogens before introduction and to provide valuable information for the development of preventative measures to minimize economic or environmental impacts. Though sentinel plantings have been established and studied during the last decade, there still remains a great need for guidance on which tools and protocols to put into practice in order to make assessments accurate and reliable. The sampling and diagnostic protocols chosen should enable as much information as possible about potential damaging agents and species identification. Consistency and comparison of results are based on the adoption of common procedures for sampling design and sample processing. In this paper, we suggest harmonized procedures that should be used in sentinel planting surveys for effective sampling and identification of potential pests and pathogens. We also review the benefits and limitations of various diagnostic methods for early detection in sentinel systems, and the feasibility of the results obtained supporting National Plant Protection Organizations in pest and commodity risk analysis.
Ključne besede: alien invasive pests, alien invasive pathogens, commodity risk analysis, early warning, sampling techniques, sentinel plants, pest risk analysis, prediction
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 01.07.2019; Ogledov: 2254; Prenosov: 1342
.pdf Celotno besedilo (1,58 MB)
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Insect pathogens with special reference to pathogens of bark beetles (COL. Solytidae: Ips typographus L.) : preliminary results of isolation of entomopathogenic fungi from two spruce bark beetles in Slovenia
Maja Jurc, 2004, izvirni znanstveni članek

Povzetek: This paper deals with the most important groups of insect pathogens, i.e. viruses, bacteria, fungi, nematodes and protozoans (microsporidia). We describe their basic characteristics, virulence, method of infecting or attackon the host, signs of illnesses in an affected host, pathogen survival in the outside environment, and the use of bioticcontrol of economically damaging insects. Particular importance is placed on bark beetle pathogens, which have been found in natural populations of hosts, particularly in the large spruce bark beetle (Scolytidae: Ips typographus L.). We also present ourexperience in studying entomopathogenic fungi on the species Dryocoetes autographus and Orthotomicus laricis in Slovenia.
Ključne besede: beetles pathogens, entomopathogenic fungi, biocontrol agents, insect pathogens
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 12.07.2017; Ogledov: 4227; Prenosov: 1866
.pdf Celotno besedilo (734,75 KB)

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