121. Razumevanje motivike in simbolike na vzhodnoazijskem porcelanu v zbirki Narodnega muzeja SlovenijeTina Berdajs, 2022, original scientific article Abstract: V prispevku je analizirana izbrana motivika na različnih vrstah poslikanega vzhodnoazijskega porcelana, ki ga v zbirki keramike hrani Narodni muzej Slovenije. Članek z analizo primarnih virov in sekundarne literature in neposredne obravnave predmetov predstavi pregled slogov okraševanja ter izbranih rastlinskih in živalskih motivov, ki jih najpogosteje srečamo na porcelanu iz omenjene zbirke, ki spada v obdobje med prvo polovico 17. in koncem 19. stoletja (oziroma začet-kom 20. stoletja). V povezavi z analizo motivike in simbolike so predstavljene tudi tri raziskave primerov posameznih predmetov, pri katerih okrasni elementi nudijo vpogled v bogate zgodbe, povezane s kulturno-zgodovinskim ozadjem trgovskih in kulturnih izmenjav med Evropo in Vzhodno Azijo. V prispevku sta obravnavana kitajski in japonski izvozni porcelan, ki so ju masovno proizvajali za zahodne trge, vendar sta bila okrašena z vzhodnoazijsko motiviko. Prispevek vodi v razmislek o vlogi obravnavane simbolike v japonskem in kitajskem kulturno-zgodovinskem okolju in v povezavi s tem tudi (potencialne) vloge te motivike v okolju, kjer so končali predmeti vzhodnoazijskega izvora – na ozemlju današnje Slovenije.
Keywords: vzhodnoazijske zbirke, porcelan, vzhodnoazijski porcelan, motivika, simbolika, izvozni porcelan, Narodni muzej Slovenije
Published in DiRROS: 28.02.2023; Views: 309; Downloads: 142
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122. "Meč, ki prežene zlo" : numizmatični ali religijski predmet?Mina Grčar, 2022, original scientific article Abstract: Kitajska se ponaša z dolgo in bogato tradicijo uporabe denarja in numizmatič-nih predmetov v ljudskih religijskih in vraževerskih praksah. Med najbolj posebne med njimi gotovo spadajo meči iz starih kitajskih novcev, tako imenovani bixie jian (避邪劍) ali »meči, ki preženejo zlo«. Še posebej priljubljeni so bili v času dinastije Qing (1644–1912), proti koncu katere so se vse pogosteje znašli tudi v zbirkah evropskih zbirateljev in posameznikov, ki so se tedaj mudili na Kitajskem.Slovenski etnografski muzej v Ljubljani hrani kar dva primerka takih predmetov – eden naj bi pripadal Ivanu Skušku ml., avstro-ogrskemu mornariškemu častniku ter nadušememu zbiratelju kitajskih starin in starih novcev, drugi pa misijonarju Petru Baptistu Turku, ki je na tedanjo kitajsko družbo gledal predvsem z vidika lokalnih religij in vraževerja. Kako je meč razumel vsak izmed njiju? In, širše gledano, kako se je vloga in identiteta teh mečev spremenila pri prenosu v sekundarno, evropsko okolje oziroma kako so jih razumeli njihovi novi lastniki? Kako jih danes kategorizirajo evropski muzeji? So v domeni numizmatike ali religije? ali so ti meči za obrambo pred zlimi silami morda eni tistih predmetov, ki se zaradi svoje posebne narave vztrajno izmikajo muzejski klasifikaciji?
Keywords: vzhodnoazijske zbirke, Skuškova zbirka, Ivan Skušek ml., stari kitajski novci, meč iz novcev, bixie jian, numizmatika, religijske prakse, vraževerske prakse, Peter Baptist Turk, Kitajska
Published in DiRROS: 28.02.2023; Views: 460; Downloads: 203
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123. Udomačevanje tujega : predmeti za uživanje opija v Skuškovi zbirkiHelena Motoh, 2022, original scientific article Abstract: Izjemno obsežna zbirka predmetov, ki sta jo iz Pekinga v Ljubljano leta 1920 prinesla mornariški častnik Ivan Skušek ml. in njegova žena, Japonka Tsuneko Kondo Kawase, vključuje pipe za kajenje opija, več gorilnikov za opij in še nekaj drugih pripomočkov za uživanje te opojne substance. Predmeti so umetelno okrašeni z zapletenimi motivi. Čeprav je to osrednja tema članka, je namen slednjega tudi umestiti to specifično estetiko v kontekst in raziskati kulturni okvir, v katerem je prišlo do vnosa preučevanih predmetov v Evropo. V prvem delu tako avtorica predstavi zgodovino uživanja opija na Kitajskem, v drugem analizira prvine estetike kitajskega pribora za uživanje opija, v tretjem, osrednjem delu besedila, pa podrobneje razčleni predmete iz Skuškove zbirke, povezane z uživanjem opija, ter motive in simbole, s katerimi so okrašeni. V sklepnem delu poskuša predstaviti pripomočke za uživanje opija, okrašene s tradicionalnimi kitajskimi motivi in simboli, kot zanimivo utelesitev kompleksnega in dinamičnega odnosa do tujega, prepovedanega in fascinantnega in kot dober primer ikonografske udomačitve te tujosti.
Keywords: vzhodnoazijske zbirke, Skuškova zbirka, Ivan Skušek ml., opijski predmeti, kitajska ikonografija, Kitajska
Published in DiRROS: 28.02.2023; Views: 337; Downloads: 190
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124. Srečenosne "beštije" : simbolika ornamentalnih in figuralnih upodobitev na glasbilih iz Skuškove zbirkeKlara Hrvatin, 2022, original scientific article Abstract: Glasbila iz Skuškove zbirke Slovenskega etnografskega muzeja izkazujejo ornamentalne in figuralne upodobitve, simbolika katerih predstavlja številne izzive. Pogosto se nanašajo na srečenosne zveri ruishou (瑞獸), med katerimi izstopajo upodobitvi mitološkega bitja qilin (麒麟) in zmaja (龍 long), simbolika katerih je zgodaj prežela kitajsko zgodovino, folkloro, religijo in umetnost. V prispevku nas bo zanimalo predvsem dvoje. Najprej se bomo posvetili analizi motivike figuralnih upodobitev na glasbilih in razmislili, kaj nam lahko interpretacija te v širšem kontekstu kitajske kulture odkrije novega o glasbilih. Prav tako bomo proučili značilnosti simbolike na glasbilih v okviru petih kategorij simbolizma na glasbilih, opredeljenih s strani muzikologa Gen’ichija Tsuge. Za ponazoritev glavnih točk predstavitve bodo uporabljena predvsem glasbila in umetniška dela iz zbirke Ivana Skuška ml., največje zbirke kitajskih predmetov v Sloveniji, ki jo hrani Slovenski etnografski muzej.
Keywords: Ivan Skušek ml., Skuškova zbirka, srečenosni motivi, glasbila, qilin, Kitajska
Published in DiRROS: 28.02.2023; Views: 302; Downloads: 158
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125. Liu Hai draži zlato krastačo : srečenosni motivi na lesenem stojalu za ogledalo iz Skuškove zbirkeNataša Vampelj Suhadolnik, 2022, original scientific article Abstract: Članek analizira srečenosno motiviko na lesenem stojalu za ogledalo iz Skuškove zbirke, ki ga hrani Slovenski etnografski muzej. Srečenosno motiviko postavi v širši kontekst kitajskih kulturnih in jezikovnih struktur, ki je v vizualni reprezentaciji kombiniranih motivov rastlin, živali in oseb omogočil nešteto kombinacij rebusov in preigravanja z enakozvočnicami. Ti so temeljili na kitajski zgodovinski, literarni, filozofski, religiozni in mitološki tradiciji. Srečenosni motivi so v kitajskem kulturnem kontekstu postali standardna shema okraševanja, iz katere so črpali tako slikarji učenjaki kot obrtniki, njihovo upodabljanje pa se je razširilo tudi zunaj kitajskih meja. Še posebej razširjeni postanejo na vsakdanjih predmetih, ki uporabnikom ne le izrekajo dobre želje za srečo, bogastvo, napredovanje, dolgoživost in potomstvo, temveč sočasno zagotavljajo njihovo uresničitev. To je vidno tudi na lesenem stojalu za ogledalo, ki ga je med letoma 1914 in 1920 v Pekingu kupil mornariški častnik Ivan Skušek ml. Članek v prvem delu prikaže ikonografsko analizo motivike, v drugem pa so podrobneje obravnavana zajeta sporočila v vizualnih simbolnih kodah, pri čemer so upoštevani tudi razporeditev motivike v zaključeno zgodbo in načini interpretiranja teh podob.
Keywords: Ivan Skušek ml., Skuškova zbirka, leseno stojalo za ogledalo, srečenosni motivi, Liu Hai, Kitajska
Published in DiRROS: 28.02.2023; Views: 420; Downloads: 151
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127. Exploring the well-being of Slovenian and Serbian sport science students during the covid-19 pandemic of summer 2022Brigita Banjac, Ivana Milovanović, Saša Pišot, Radenko Matić, Stevo Popović, Sandra Radenović, Patrik Drid, 2023, original scientific article Abstract: The COVID-19 pandemic profoundly changed everyday life of social actors, which inferred mental health and well-being concerns. As students of health-related studies tend to adapt better to difficult circumstances, in this study, we explored the effect of the pandemic on sports science students’ well-being during the summer of 2022. The research was conducted in Slovenia and Serbia. The sample comprised n = 350 students. The PERMA-Profiler, a 15-item self-reported questionnaire, was adapted to assess well-being across five elements: positive emotions, engagement, relationships, meaning, and accomplishment. Data were collected with a questionnaire through the summer of 2022 (from May to July) and analyzed in SPSS, AMOS 26.0. The results revealed normal functioning (M = 7.72, SD ± 1.38) for the overall well-being of the students. Although all dimensions indicated high scores, relationships (M = 7.95, SD ± 1.63), meaning (M = 7.76, SD ± 1.69), and engagement (M = 7.73, SD ± 1.36) rated the highest. Furthermore, the instrument was acceptable, as the confirmatory factor analysis showed adequate reliability based on Cronbach's alpha (15 items, α = 0.94) and strong internal correlations between the PERMA dimensions. This study contributes to the previously published research, emphasizing the positive responses and successful coping of sports science students in times of complex situations, such as the COVID-19 pandemic.
Keywords: sport, health science, physical education, university students, pandemics, mental health, well-being
Published in DiRROS: 16.02.2023; Views: 449; Downloads: 289
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128. On the influence of aging on classification performance in the visual EEG oddball paradigm using statistical and temporal featuresNina Omejc, Manca Peskar, Aleksandar Miladinović, Voyko Kavcic, Sašo Džeroski, Uroš Marušič, 2023, original scientific article Abstract: The utilization of a non-invasive electroencephalogram (EEG) as an input sensor is a common approach in the field of the brain–computer interfaces (BCI). However, the collected EEG data pose many challenges, one of which may be the age-related variability of event-related potentials (ERPs), which are often used as primary EEG BCI signal features. To assess the potential effects of aging, a sample of 27 young and 43 older healthy individuals participated in a visual oddball study, in which they passively viewed frequent stimuli among randomly occurring rare stimuli while being recorded with a 32-channel EEG set. Two types of EEG datasets were created to train the classifiers, one consisting of amplitude and spectral features in time and another with extracted time-independent statistical ERP features. Among the nine classifiers tested, linear classifiers performed best. Furthermore, we show that classification performance differs between dataset types. When temporal features were used, maximum individuals’ performance scores were higher, had lower variance, and were less affected overall by within-class differences such as age. Finally, we found that the effect of aging on classification performance depends on the classifier and its internal feature ranking. Accordingly, performance will differ if the model favors features with large within-class differences. With this in mind, care must be taken in feature extraction and selection to find the correct features and consequently avoid potential age-related performance degradation in practice.
Keywords: aging, elderly, machine learning, visual oddball study, brain-computer interface
Published in DiRROS: 01.02.2023; Views: 425; Downloads: 221
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129. Does standing up enhance performance on the stroop task in healthy young adults? : a systematic review and meta-analysisMaja Maša Šömen, Manca Peskar, Bettina Wollesen, Klaus Gramann, Uroš Marušič, 2023, review article Abstract: Understanding the changes in cognitive processing that accompany changes in posture can expand our understanding of embodied cognition and open new avenues for applications in (neuro)ergonomics. Recent studies have challenged the question of whether standing up alters cognitive performance. An electronic database search for randomized controlled trials was performed using Academic Search Complete, CINAHL Ultimate, MEDLINE, PubMed, and Web of Science following PRISMA guidelines, PICOS framework, and standard quality assessment criteria (SQAC). We pooled data from a total of 603 healthy young adults for incongruent and 578 for congruent stimuli and Stroop effect (mean age = 24 years). Using random-effects results, no difference was found between sitting and standing for the Stroop effect (Hedges’ g = 0.13, 95% CI = −0.04 to 0.29, p = 0.134), even when comparing congruent (Hedges’ g = 0.10; 95% CI: −0.132 to 0.339; Z = 0.86; p = 0.389) and incongruent (Hedges’ g = 0.18; 95% CI: −0.072 to 0.422; Z = 1.39; p = 0.164) stimuli separately. Importantly, these results imply that changing from a seated to a standing posture in healthy young adults is unlikely to have detrimental effects on selective attention and cognitive control. To gain a full understanding of this phenomenon, further research should examine this effect in a population of healthy older adults, as well as in a population with pathology.
Keywords: healthy young adults, dual tasks, posture, Stroop task, cognitive-motor interference, sit-to-stand workstations
Published in DiRROS: 30.01.2023; Views: 397; Downloads: 211
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130. How do you feel at school? : a cross-country comparative analysis of migrant adolescents' school well-beingLucija Dežan, Mateja Sedmak, 2023, original scientific article Abstract: Adolescents present a relevant stakeholder in international migrations since they comprise a large share of all migrants. Previous studies show that migration processes significantly affect the well-being of migrant adolescents. This article investigates how the school environment, with its pedagogical practices and interpersonal relationships established between migrant adolescents, their classmates, and teachers, affect migrant adolescents’ well-being. Our research draws on quantitative data collected as part of the MiCREATE project. The sample of migrant adolescents (N = 700) was surveyed in 46 schools in six countries: Austria, Denmark, Slovenia, Spain, Poland, and the United Kingdom. Results indicate that migrant adolescents like school and feel safe there, however, they tend to be more satisfied with relationships established with teachers than with peers. Furthermore, differences in self-perceived school well-being emerge when comparing countries with a longer tradition of high migration flows (Spain, Denmark, and the United Kingdom) and those less experienced (Poland and Slovenia), although slight exceptions were detected. The results lead to the conclusion that schools that foster intercultural education and fulfilling interpersonal relationships are essential for school well-being of migrant adolescents and present an important step toward successful integration of migrant youth.
Keywords: migration, migrant children, well-being, integration, child-centered approach, family, school
Published in DiRROS: 30.01.2023; Views: 364; Downloads: 238
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