2721. Padavinski režim v izbranih vrzelih in sestojih dinarskega jelovo-bukovega gozdaUrša Vilhar, 2010, izvirni znanstveni članek Povzetek: Količina, oblika in časovna razporeditev padavin so izrednega pomena za gozdneekosisteme, saj pomembno vplivajo na preskrbo z vodo, kroženje hranil indinamiko ogljika v ekosistemu. Namen naše raziskave je bil analizirati padavinski režim v dveh sestojih in vrzelih različne velikosti v dinarskem jelovo-bukovem pragozdnem rezervatu Rajhenavski Rog ter v gospodarskem sonaravnem gozdu Snežna jama. V vegetacijskem obdobju v letih 2003 in 2004 smospremljali prepuščene padavine in odtok po deblu v vrzelih in sestojih, padavine na prostem pa v letih od 2001 do 2007. Meritve padavin v gozdni krajini so redke, čeprav so pomemben vhodni podatek za modeliranje procesov v gozdnih ekosistemih. Uporaba meritev z najbližjih meteoroloških postaj je zaradi njihove oddaljenosti vprašljiva, zato smo dnevne in mesečne količine padavin na prostem primerjali z vrednostmi za klimatološko postajo Kočevje ter EMEP-postajo Iskrba pri Kočevski Reki.
Ključne besede: padavine, vrzeli, gozdovi, gospdoarski gozdovi, pragozdovi, pragozdni rezervati, Kočevski Rog
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 12.07.2017; Ogledov: 4587; Prenosov: 1936
 Celotno besedilo (531,04 KB) |
2722. Sobivanje jelke in bukve v Dinaridih : usmeritve za ohranitveno gospodarjenje z jelkoJurij Diaci, Dušan Roženbergar, Thomas Andrew Nagel, 2010, pregledni znanstveni članek Povzetek: Drevesna sestava jelovo-bukovih gozdov se v prostoru in času spreminja. Nanjo vplivajo številni naravni in antropogeni dejavniki, ki delujejo neposredno ali posredno. Oblikovanje usmeritev za gojenje gozdov zato zahteva dobro poznavanje delovanja lokalnih ekoloških, zgodovinskih, gospodarskih in splošnih okoljskih dejavnikov. V prispevku prikazujemo sintezo štirih skupin raziskav, ki smo jih izpeljali v dinarskih jelovo-bukovih gozdovih v zadnjem desetletju in obravnavajo: 1) ekologijo pomlajevanja v manjših in srednjih vrzelih, 2) odziv sestojev v pragozdu Perućica na motnje srednjih jakosti (vetrolomi), 3) dolgoročne spremembe v vrstni sestavi pragozdov v jugovzhodni Evropi, in 4) odvisnost pomlajevanja v gospodarskih gozdovih od gozdnogojitvenega sistema. Namen prispevka je prikazati vlogo jelke v razvoju jelovo-bukovega gozda ter poudariti procese, ki vodijo v njeno sobivanje ali izločanje. Raziskave ekologije pomlajevanja nakazujejo, da je jelka uspešnejša na posebnih mikrorastiščih (hladnejše in vlažnejše razmere, odmrla drevesa, večja skalovitost, nižji pH tal, skromne svetlobe razmere). Na vetrolomnih površinah srednjih jakosti prevlada bukev, jelka pa se nasemeni kasneje v strnjena bukova mladovja. Naše raziskave niso potrdile hipoteze o lažjem uveljavljanju jelke v večjih sestojnih vrzelih gospodarskih gozdov. Spremembe vrstne sestave pragozdov v Sloveniji in jugovzhodni Evropi nakazujejo nazadovanje jelke v zadnjih petdesetih letih, kar je posledica več skupin vzrokov, še posebej zračnega onesnaženja in objedanja po divjadi. V Sloveniji je zmanjševanje deleža jelke v Dinaridih izrazito hitro. Primerjave z jugovzhodno Evropo kažejo, da so sicer raznovrstne strategije uveljavljanja jelke v Sloveniji neuspešne zaradi visokih gostot velikih rastlinojedih parkljarjev.
Ključne besede: jelka, Abies alba, bukev, Fagus sylvatica L., sobivanje, medsebojno nadomeščanje, objedanje mladja, propadanje gozdov, gojenje gozdov, Dinaridi, Dinarsko gorstvo
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 12.07.2017; Ogledov: 4603; Prenosov: 1994
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2723. Dendrochronological dating of two violins from private collections in SloveniaKatarina Čufar, Micha Beuting, Michael Grabner, 2010, izvirni znanstveni članek Povzetek: Dendrochronological analyses were made in two violins from private collectionsin Slovenia with an aim to date the wood of their resonance boards,to assess the time of their fabrication, to define the provenance of the wood, and to establish whether the labels of the instruments were original. The origin, the history and the exact age of the instruments had previously not been known. Tree-ring measurements were done on the surface of the bellies. In violin 1, it was made of one radial board, in violin 2 of two radial boards of Norway spruce (Picea abies). In violin 1, we measured 248 tree-rings and the year of the youngest ring was 1808. The dating was confirmed with more than 20 tree-ring chronologies from Austria, Germany, and Italy. The maximal value of the cross-dating parameter t-value after Hollstein(TH) was 12.4. In violin 2, we measured 141 and 137 tree-rings on each side of the belly, and the year of the youngest ring was 1640. The dating was also obtained by cross-dating with over 20 chronologies and confirmed with statistically significant TH up to 9.2. The year of the last ring in both cases corresponded with the terminus post quem, which indicated that the belly (instrument) was fabricated after the year of formation of the youngest ring. There is no evidence about the duration of seasoning and storage of the lumber, or how many tree-rings were removed when the instrumentwas manufactured. Our dendro-provenance study showed that the violin 1 most likely originated from Austria or southern Germany. The wood for the belly of the violin 2 possibly originated from Austria and the sequence significantly matched a chronology built from the instruments made by Jacob Stainer. In both instruments, the dendrochronological dating did not confirm the inscriptions on the labels on the inside of the instrument. The presented investigation was performed in 2008 and 2009 and is to our knowledge the first dendrochronological dating of music instruments in Slovenia.
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 12.07.2017; Ogledov: 3791; Prenosov: 1689
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2725. Entrepreneurship in wood economy and a proposition for an entrepreneurial modelJože Kropivšek, Cene Šubic, Leon Oblak, 2009, izvirni znanstveni članek Povzetek: Entrepreneurship and entrepreneurial activity of the population are of key importance for economic development, creation of new jobs and rise of the public welfare level. Some general researches (for example GEM - Global Entrepreneurship Monitor) showed that the entrepreneurial potential in Slovenia has not been completely maximized. Considering the findings from the research into entrepreneurship in wood economy we can claim the same also for the domain of wood, since we discovered numerous opportunities that are not being used at the moment. Research was made in small wood-industry companies with the help of questionnaires. On the basis of the established facts, a modern, future and development-orientated entrepreneurial model was elaborated, which is based on internal and external factors of entrepreneurship efficiency. Entrepreneurial activity is based on constant, planned and goal orientated learning and transfer (and use) of this knowledge in the business process.
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 12.07.2017; Ogledov: 4266; Prenosov: 1869
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2726. Minimalne fungicidne in fungistatične koncentracije borovih učinkovin za kurativno zaščito lesaBoštjan Lesar, Miha Humar, 2009, kratki znanstveni prispevek Povzetek: V raziskavi smo določili minimalno fungicidno mejno vrednost borove kisline inbakrovega sulfata pentahidrata za tri glive rjave (Gloeophyllum trabeum, Serpula lacrymans in Antrodia vaillantii) in tri glive bele trohnobe (Trametesversicolor, Pleurotus ostreatus in Hypoxylon fragiforme). Kurativno učinkovitost smo določali tako, da smo okužene smrekove in bukove lesne vzorce za 10 min potopili v vodno raztopino bakrovih oziroma borovih učinkovin. Zatem smo jih postavili na sterilno hranilno gojišče in opazovali preraščnje. Rezultati kazejo, da so borove učinkovine boljsi fungicidi kot bakrove spojine. Minimalna inhibitorna koncentracija borove kisline v lesu za kurativno zaščito je približno petkrat višja od mejne inhibitorne koncentracije za preventivno zaščito.
Ključne besede: bakrove spojine, borove spojine, zaščita lesa, razkroj lesa, glive, zaščita lesa
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 12.07.2017; Ogledov: 4581; Prenosov: 1950
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2727. Ophiostomatoid fungi (Ascomycota: Ophiostomataceae) associated with bark beetles and their possible economic impact in forests and timber productionAndreja Nève Repe, Maja Jurc, 2010, izvirni znanstveni članek Povzetek: Ophiostomatoid fungi are commercially and economically important group of fungi in forestry and timber production. This group is represented by several genera of Ascomycetes with common morphological characteristics, although withdistinct taxonomy and phylogeny. Several genera of ophiostomatoid fungi have been considered synonymous solely based on morphological similarities as a result of an adaptation to insect dispersal. Ophiostomatoid fungi cause considerable economic losses in the forestry and timber production due to sap stain and vascular wilt diseases. The threat of introduced ophiostomatoid fungi is increasing with the global timber trade and loose control measurements. An overview of the taxonomy, ecology, concept of association (mutualism/symbiosis) and the economic importance of ophiostomatoid fungi are provided.
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 12.07.2017; Ogledov: 4289; Prenosov: 1851
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2728. Growth characteristics of European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) on Isopyro-Fagetum KOS. 62 siteGregor Meterc, Aleš Kadunc, 2009, izvirni znanstveni članek Povzetek: In this paper, growth characteristics of European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) stands on site of Isopyro-Fagetum KOS. 62 are analysed. The research was carried out in Zasavje, where in mature beech stands five plots measuring 30x30 m were set. All trees above 10 cm were measured and cut for stem analyses. Increment of the last 10 years is statistically significantly influenced by (chronologic) age of trees, shade effect, diameter at breast height, social class and very rarely by crown dimensions. The time of current increment culmination is dependent on age, diameter at breast height, social class and on shade effect. As regards site productivity of the analysed site, a very broad range was ascertained. Variation is almost completely explained by altitude. On three plots sites, productivity increase was confirmed, whereas on one plot the changes were not significant and on one plot site productivity decreased, probably due to the transmitter on Mt Kum.
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 12.07.2017; Ogledov: 4324; Prenosov: 1919
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2729. Analiza horizontalne zgradbe bukovih sestojev s podatki s stalnih vzorčnih ploskevTina Simončič, Aleš Kadunc, Andrej Bončina, 2009, izvirni znanstveni članek Povzetek: Na vzorcu petih izbranih gozdnogospodarskih enot smo po glavnih sestojnih tipih analizirali horizontalno zgradbo bukovih sestojev. Zgradbo smo prikazali z indeksi diverzitete, podrobneje smo obravnavali razmestitev dreves in diferenciacijo njihovega premera. Ugotavljali smo vpliv nekaterih okoljskih dejavnikov ter intenzivnosti poseka na razmestitev. Za analizo smo uporabili podatkovno zbirko stalnih vzorènih ploskev (SVP) Zavoda za gozdove Slovenije. Razmestitev v sestojih se priblizuje naključni enakomerni razmestitvi, opazne so posamezne tendence dreves k sopasti oziroma sistematični razmestitvi. V sestojih prevladuje povprečna diferenciacija premerov, kar kaze na veèjo enomernost. V mlajših razvojnih fazah je nekoliko močneje nakazana sopasta razmestitev, diferenciacija premerov je manjsa. Na manjšo diferenciacijo premera vplivamo z večjo intenziteto poseka, šopasta razmestitev dreves je močneje nakazana na terenih s strmejsimi nakloni. Različne indekse diverzitete lahko izračunamo s podatki s SVP, ki so primerni predvsem za metodo izbranega drevesa in njegovih štirih najbližjih sosedov. Vzorec horizontalne zgradbe omogoča natanènejsi vpogled v sestojno zgradbo, pomemben je pri ocenjevanju mehanske stabilnosti sestojev, biodiverzitete, sestojne gostote in učinkov gospodarjenja.
Ključne besede: Fagus sylvatica, horizontalna zgradba, indeksi diverzitete, razmestitev dreves, diferenciacija premerov, stalne vzorčne ploskve, sestojni tipi, rastišča, gospodarjenje z gozdovi
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 12.07.2017; Ogledov: 4778; Prenosov: 2026
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2730. Stand diversity in the Dinaric fir-beech forestsMilan Kobal, David Hladnik, 2009, izvirni znanstveni članek Povzetek: Data from forest research and permanent sampling plots were used to quantify stand structure and forest diversity in uneven-aged Dinaric silver fir and beech forest at the level of forest management unit. The study examined the indicators that are expected to be used in the monitoring of biodiversity and the favourable conservation status of forest habitat types in Natura 2000 sites. By comparing the present and past stand structures, it was possible to establish the developmental dynamics of the stands and the changes of structure indices of the forest stands on the 2-hectare research plots in the last 50 years. We adopted the indicators for the assessment of biotic and stand structure diversity based on tree species composition, stand densities, mean DBH and coefficient of variation, species and DBH-based Shannonćs index, spatial mingling and size differentiation of trees on the permanent sampling plots. The indicators confirmed stand structural diversity in four forest management classes of uneven-aged Dinaric fir-beech forests in the Leskova dolina (valley) of the Sneznik-Javorniki high Karst region. Continuous forest inventory and the presented indicators of stand structure and diversity may potentially represent the framework for the monitoring of the favourable conservation status of forest habitat types.
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 12.07.2017; Ogledov: 4154; Prenosov: 1824
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