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Iskalni niz: "ključne besede" (treatment) .

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Oral treatment with etoposide in small cell lung cancer - dilemmas and solution
Renata Režonja, Lea Knez, Tanja Čufer, Aleš Mrhar, 2013, pregledni znanstveni članek

Povzetek: Background. Etoposide is a chemotherapeutic agent, widely used for the treatment of various malignancies, including small cell lung cancer (SCLC), an aggressive disease with poor prognosis. Oral etoposide administration exhibits advantages for the quality of life of the patient as well as economic benefits. However, widespread use of oral etoposide is limited by incomplete and variable bioavailability. Variability in bioavailability was observed both within and between patients. This suggests that some patients may experience suboptimal tumor cytotoxicity, whereas other patients may be atrisk for excess toxicity. Conclusions. The article highlights dilemmas as well as solutions regarding oral treatment with etoposide by presenting and analyzing relevant literature data. Numerous studies have shown that bioavailability of etoposide is influenced by genetic, physiological and environmental factors. Several strategies were explored to improve bioavailability and to reduce pharmacokinetic variability of oral etoposide, including desired and undesired drug interactions (e.g. with ketoconazole), development of suitable drug delivery systems, use of more water-soluble prodrug of etoposide, and influence on gastric emptying. In addition to genotype-based dose administration, etoposide is suitable for pharmacokinetically guided dosing, which enables dose adjustments in individual patient. Further, it is established that oral and intravenous schedules of etoposide in SCLC patients do not result in significant differences in treatment outcome, while results of toxicity are inconclusive. To conclude, the main message of the article is that better prediction of the pharmacokinetics of oral etoposide may encourage its wider use in routine clinical practice.
Ključne besede: oral etoposide, bioavailability, pharmacokinetic variability, small cell lung cancer, treatment
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 22.03.2024; Ogledov: 30; Prenosov: 7
.pdf Celotno besedilo (465,72 KB)

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Comparison of continuous local anaesthetic and systemic pain treatment after axillary lymphadenectomy in breast carcinoma patients - a prospective randomized study
Branka Stražišar, Nikola Bešić, 2013, izvirni znanstveni članek

Povzetek: Background. Acute pain after axillary lymphadenectomy is often related mainly to axillary surgery. The aim of the prospective randomized study was to find out if continuous wound infusion of local anaesthetic reduces postoperative pain, consumption of opioids and the incidence of chronic pain compared to the standard intravenous piritramide analgesia after axillary lymphadenectomy in breast carcinoma patients. Methods. Altogether 60 patients were enrolled in the prospective randomized study; half in wound infusion of local anaesthetic and half in the standard (piritramide) group. Results. In the recovery room and on the first day after surgical procedure, the wound infusion of local anaesthetic group reported less acute and chronic pain, a lower consumption of piritramide and metoclopramide, but their alertness after the surgical procedure was higher compared to the standard group. Conclusions. After axillary lymphadenectomy in breast carcinoma patients, wound infusion of local anaesthetic reduces acute pain and enables reduced opioid consumption, resulting in less postoperative sedation and a reduced need for antiemetic drugs. After wound infusion of local anaesthetic there is a statistical trend for reduction of chronic pain.
Ključne besede: breast carcinoma, pain treatment, acute pain
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 22.03.2024; Ogledov: 39; Prenosov: 19
.pdf Celotno besedilo (442,59 KB)

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The diffuse large B-cell lymphoma - where do we stand now in everyday clinical practice
Brigita Gregorič, Vesna Zadnik, Barbara Jezeršek Novaković, 2012, izvirni znanstveni članek

Povzetek: Background. Due to superior results observed with the addition of rituximab into treatment of patients with the diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL),the R-CHOP (rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisolone) regimen and its variants became the standard initial treatment of these patients. However, the treatment recommendations are based on resultsof clinical studies while the conditions of routine treatment are far different from the ones in clinical studies. The aim of this retrospective study was therefore to compare the treatment results of routinelz treated patients with the DLBCL to results reported by some larger studies. Patients and methods. Two hundred and ninety five patients with the DLBCL were treated between 2004 and 2008 according to the then protocol with R-CHOP or R-CHOP-like regimens at the Institute of Oncology Ljubljana. Treatment response was evaluated according to Chesonʼs criteria and the disease-free andoverall survival by means of Kaplan Meier survival curves. Results. Response to treatment in our evaluation diverged from the reported one predominately in the low risk group (international prognostic index [IPI] categorisation) and in the very good prognosis group (revised international prognostic index (R-IPI) categorisation). The determined complete response (CR) rates in other IPI and R-IPI groups were generally within expectations. Also in the disease-free survival the largest discrepancy occurred in the low-risk patient group (3 year disease-free survival rate of 75%) and in the very good prognosis group (4 year disease-free survival rate of 59%). In all other IPI risk groups, the disease-free survival at 3 zears (low intermediate risk 76%, high intermediate risk group 57%, and high risk group 53%) agreed verz well with the quoted ones. Slightly worse was the compliance of the 4 year disease-free survival rates (72% in the good prognosis and 51% in the poor prognosis group) with the results from the literature. The 3 year overall survival rates (low risk patients 87%, high intermediate risk 61% and high risk patients 51%) were somewhat worse than the reported ones in all IPI subgroups except in the low intermediate risk group (82%). On the other hand, the 4 year overall survival rates of the R-IPI categories (94% in the very good prognosis group, 80% in the good prognosis group, 56% in the poor prognosis group) were much better correlated with the data from the literature. Conclusions. In total, the treatment outcomes of routinely treatedpatient with the DLBCL at our institute are quite encouraging when compared to results of some larger studies. There are probably no dilemmas about how to treat young good prognosis patients and patients aged over 60 years at present. However, the 5 year overall survival rate of 76% for the young poor prognosis group is unsatisfying and needs to be improved. At present, quite a few studies are underway to clarify which of the regimens will perform best in this population.
Ključne besede: diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, R-CHOP, treatment result, routine treatments
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 21.03.2024; Ogledov: 56; Prenosov: 24
.pdf Celotno besedilo (621,34 KB)

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Percutaneous transcatheter arterial embolization in haemodynamically stable patients with blunt splenic injury
Peter Popović, Dragoje Stanisavljević, Miran Jeromel, 2010, izvirni znanstveni članek

Povzetek: Background. The nonoperative management of the blunt splenic injuryand the patient was treated with the selective distal splenic artery embolization withmicrospheres. Postprocedural insupraselective embolization with microspheres. haemodynamically stableultrasound and computed tomography follow-up a year later revealed only a small area of parenchymal irregularity. patients hasCase report. A young hockey player was brought to the Emergency Conclusions. The percutaneous splenic arterial embolization has a major role in the management of traumatic Department with the history of blunt abdominalsplenic injuries. Embolization is particularly beneficial in injuries of grade III or higher.
Ključne besede: splenic trauma, treatment, angiography, percutaneous transcatheter embolization
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 18.03.2024; Ogledov: 57; Prenosov: 19
.pdf Celotno besedilo (737,68 KB)

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Cell size dynamics and viability of cells exposed to hypotonic treatment and electroporation for electrofusion optimization
Marko Ušaj, Katja Trontelj, Rosana Hudej, Maša Kandušer, Damijan Miklavčič, 2009, izvirni znanstveni članek

Povzetek: Background. Various electrofusion parameters have to be adjusted to obtain theoptimal electrofusion efficiency. Based on published data, good electrofusion conditions can be achieved with the hypotonic treatment. However, the duration of the hypotonic treatment before electroporation and buffer hypoosmolarity have to be adjusted in order to cause cell swelling, to avoid regulatory volume decrease and to preserve cell viability. The aims of our study were to determine cell size dynamics and viability of four different cell lines in hypotonic buffer and to study the influence of the electroporation on the selected cell line in hypotonic buffer. Materials and methods. Cell size dynamics of different cell lines exposed to hypotonic buffer and electroporation were analyzed by time-resolvedcell size measurements. The viability of hypotonically treated oržand electroporated cells was determined 24 h after the experiment by a modified crystal violet (CV) viability assay. Results. In our experimental conditions the hypotonic treatment at 100 mOsm was efficient for CHO, V79 and B16-F1 cell lines. The optimal duration of the treatment was between two and five minutes. On the other hand the same hypotonic treatment did not cause cell swelling of NS1 cells. Cell swelling was also observed after electroporation of B16-F1 in isotonic buffer and it was amplified when hypotonic buffer was used. In addition, the regulatory volume decrease was successfully inhibited with electroporation. Conclusions. Cell size dynamicsin hypotonic conditions should be studied for each cell line since they differ in their sensitivity to the hypotonic treatment. The inhibition of cell regulatory volume decrease by electroporation may be beneficial in achieving higher electrofusion efficiency. (Abstract truncated at 2000 characters)
Ključne besede: hypotonic treatment, cell swelling, regulatory volume decrease, cell size measurements, viability, electrofusion, electroporation
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 08.03.2024; Ogledov: 79; Prenosov: 28
.pdf Celotno besedilo (263,01 KB)

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Effect of heat treatment on thermal conductivity of additively manufactured AISI H13 tool steel
Samo Tome, Blaž Karpe, Irena Paulin, Matjaž Godec, 2024, objavljeni znanstveni prispevek na konferenci

Povzetek: AISI H13 is commonly used for tooling, where higher wear resistance, thermal fatigue resistance, or hot toughness is required. Such examples include forging dies, plastic molds, hot shear blades, high-pressure die casting, and extrusion dies. Thus, thermal conductivity is one of the most important factors for hot work tools. Typically, the work cycle of a hot work tool designed for forging consists of four main phases: the forging stroke, with which the die imparts its shape onto the part, a brief pause while the die is reset to its original position, a lubrication phase, and a post lubrication dwell phase. During the forging phase, a significant amount of heat is transferred to the die while it is in contact with the part. This heat must then be dispelled for the part to return to a working temperature. While somewhat different, other hot work processes mentioned above are similar in that the hot work tool gets heated to a high temperature due to the contact with the object of deformation. The process of additive manufacturing (AM) promises better, more efficient tool production with features like conforming cooling channels, which would reduce the thermal fatigue of tools, prolonging tool life. However, the powder bed fusion (PBF) method creates a columnar microstructure, which has a detrimental effect on the thermal conductivity of H13 tool steel. Our investigation focused on the beneficial effect of heat treatment, specifically annealing at different temperatures, on the thermal conductivity of AM-produced H13 parts.
Ključne besede: SLM, thermal conductivity, tool steel, heat treatment
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 28.02.2024; Ogledov: 81; Prenosov: 43
.pdf Celotno besedilo (655,96 KB)
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Dispersoids in Al-Mg-Si alloy AA 6086 modified by Sc and Y
Franc Zupanič, Sandi Žist, Mihaela Albu, Ilse Letofsky-Papst, Jaka Burja, Maja Vončina, Tonica Bončina, 2023, izvirni znanstveni članek

Ključne besede: aluminium alloy, heat treatment, microstructure, dispersoids, dilatometry, DSC, hardness
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 02.02.2024; Ogledov: 115; Prenosov: 58
.pdf Celotno besedilo (11,03 MB)
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