1. Cost-benefit analysis of fire protection in buildings : application of a present net value approachThomas Gernay, Shuna Ni, David Unobe, Andrea Lucherini, Ranjit Kumar Chaudhary, Ruben Van Coile, 2023, izvirni znanstveni članek Povzetek: In fire safety engineering, cost–benefit analysis provides a systematic method to assess whether the projected benefits from a fire safety measure outweigh its costs. However, there remains a wide discrepancy between methods used in the field for cost–benefit analysis, as well as a lack of quantitative data on the costs and economic impact of fire protection in buildings. In a recent research project, a reference methodology was proposed based on Present Net Value evaluation and on a combination of specialized construction database, fire statistics, and numerical modeling for estimation of the cost components. This paper presents the application of the methodology to four case studies. The case studies allow describing the methodology, the collection of data, fire statistics, and loss estimation, as well as illustrating how the methodology can support decision-making when multiple alternatives are compared. Under the assumptions adopted for the single-family house and the residential timber building case studies, it is found that for every 1\$, invested in sprinklers, \$1.06 is saved. This benefit–cost ratio increases with increasing valuation of indirect losses and statistical value of life. Sensitivity analyses are provided to explore the robustness of the investment recommendations. The results of evaluations, adapted from the presented case studies with project-specific inputs, can support decision making for policy makers, insurance companies, and individual building owners.
Ključne besede: fire safety, cost-benefit analysis, fire protection, fire statistics, sprinklers, compartmentation
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 29.11.2023; Ogledov: 258; Prenosov: 32
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2. Closing data gaps and paving the way for pan-European fire safety efforts : Terminology of fire statistical variablesMartina Manes, Ana Sauca, Mohamad El Houssami, Petra Andersson, Colin McIntyre, Richard Campbell, David Rush, Anja Hofmann, Peter Wagner, Sergei Sokolov, Mindel Leene, Margrethe Kobes, Dirk Oberhagemann, Nicola Rupp, Grunde Jomaas, Friedrich Grone, Eric Guillaume, 2023, izvirni znanstveni članek Povzetek: A well-defined terminology of fire-related variables is important for correct analyses and supporting knowledge-based decisions regarding the evaluation of building fires at the European level. After developing an overview of current practices for fire statistics in Part I, the terminology used and the data collected by the EU Member States and eight other countries regarding fire incidents, property damage and human losses were mapped to increase awareness of their practice and support a comprehensive assessment of several fire statistical datasets. A questionnaire was distributed to relevant authorities responsible for the collection, elaboration/analysis, and fire statistical data publications to define and select the essential variables for an appropriate fire assessment and fire incident description. Based on the results of the questionnaire able to identify the essential fire statistical variables and a detailed analysis of current definitions adopted in the fire statistics of the EU Member States and other countries, a common terminology is proposed to collect the necessary data in the EU Member States and obtain meaningful datasets based on standardised terms and definitions. The results will generate essential outputs to move towards harmonised fire statistics at the EU level and contribute to an appropriate analysis able to improve fire prevention and fire mitigation in building fires.
Ključne besede: fire statistics, fire incidents, building fires, fire statistical variables, terminology
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 13.11.2023; Ogledov: 300; Prenosov: 151
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3. Closing data gaps and paving the way for pan-European fire safety efforts : Part IMartina Manes, Mohamad El Houssami, Richard Campbell, Ana Sauca, David Rush, Anja Hofmann, Petra Andersson, Peter Wagner, Sergei Sokolov, Johanna Veeneklaas, Margrethe Kobes, Dirk Oberhagemann, Nicola Rupp, Grunde Jomaas, Friedrich Grone, Patrick van Hees, Eric Guillaume, 2023, izvirni znanstveni članek Povzetek: The analysis of the current state of fire statistics and data collection in Europe and other countries is needed to increase awareness of how fire incidents affect buildings and to support pan-European fire prevention and fire mitigation mea- sures. The terminology and data collected regarding fire incidents in buildings in the EU Member States were mapped to obtain meaningful datasets to determine common terminology, collection methodology, and data interpretation system. An extensive literature review showed that fire data collection systems have been instrumental in informing firefighting strategies, evidence-based planning, prevention, and educational programmes. Differences and similarities between fire data collection systems were also investigated. The amount and quality of the information in fire statistical recording systems appear to be influenced by the complexity and structure with which the data are collected. The analysis also examined the existing fire statistics in the EU Member States and a few other countries. Finally, a detailed investigation of the number of fires, fire deaths, and injuries from 2009 to 2018 in several countries was examined based on data from a report by CTIF. The trends showed differences attributable to the existing fire statistical practices in terms of terminology and data collection, and interpretation. Part II proposes a common terminology for selected fire statistical variables. The results provide relevant information regarding fire safety at the European level and should be used to guide the development of more uniform fire statistics across Europe.
Ključne besede: fire statistics, fire incidents, fire statistical variable, terminology, data collection, data interpretation
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 13.11.2023; Ogledov: 375; Prenosov: 110
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4. Cost-benefit analysis in fire safety engineering : state-of-the-art and reference methodologyRuben Van Coile, Andrea Lucherini, Ranjit Kumar Chaudhary, Shuna Ni, David Unobe, Thomas Gernay, 2023, izvirni znanstveni članek Povzetek: Cost-effectiveness is a key consideration within fire safety engineering. Currently, different approaches are being applied in literature. These approaches differ in how cost-effectiveness is evaluated, which costs are considered, and how the preferred design solution is defined. Recognizing this issue, the Fire Protection Research Foundation enrolled an international team of researchers, supported by a broad stakeholder panel, to develop a reference methodology. In this paper, this reference methodology for cost-benefit analysis in fire safety engineering is presented following an extensive literature review. The methodology clarifies the minimum requirements for assessing cost-effectiveness, and highlights that only a present net value evaluation can be used to compare design alternatives. Commonly used cost-benefit ratios should only be used when deciding on the effectiveness of a single package of fire safety measures. An illustrative case study demonstrates the application of the meth- odology and shows how designs based on cost-benefit ratios can be sub-optimal when evaluating multiple possible fire safety measures.
Ključne besede: cost-benefit analysis, fire safety, investment, maintenance, loss, statistics, reliability
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 23.10.2023; Ogledov: 337; Prenosov: 76
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