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Povzetek: Being-Free. On the Concept of potentiality-for-Being in Being and Time The paper explores Martin Heidegger’s understanding of Dasein in the sense of “potentiality-for-Being [Being-able-to-be]” (Seinkönnen) or “Possibility” (Möglichkeit) in his work Being and Time (Sein und Zeit). At the heart of this concept is the circumstance that Heidegger does not understand possibility as a modal category, which in the logical sense is opposite to necessity, and in the ontological sense to reality. Heidegger strives for possibility as such, that is, for possibility as “real possibility.” The paper shows that this concept is based on Heidegger’s analysis of death. As “the possibility of the absolute impossibility of Dasein” death is the ultimate, inevitable, and most inherent possibility of each human being. As Dasein’s ownmost possibility, which is, however, indefinite in time, the possibility of death is shown as the element that capacitates Dasein for its unique free existence.
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 21.10.2024; Ogledov: 41; Prenosov: 9
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Povzetek: Normality as a Fundamental Phenomenon of Life. An Attempt at a Phenomenological Approach In the present article, we attempt to show that Husserl’s notion of life should be characterized by an inherent normativity at every level. In this regard, we can also differentiate between normality—as a more encompassing concept—and normativity—as a specific concept—, but the focus of our study is on normativity, which is a narrower notion. We attempt to distinguish and analyze the main types of normativity in Husserl’s texts. In the discussions regarding the most important levels of normativity, we essentially rely on Anthony Steinbock’s considerations, according to whom one can separate four fundamental types of normativity: accordance, optimality, typical normativity, and home or home-world (Heimwelt). The subsequent crucial point of our investigations is to show that the main levels of normativity have a different order in rational, self-aware beings, on the one hand, and in non-rational beings without self-consciousness, on the other. Finally, we try to demonstrate that there exists a principal connection between affectivity and normativity, and that affectivity has a decisive role in the constitution of different forms of normativity.
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 21.10.2024; Ogledov: 48; Prenosov: 12
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Povzetek: The article discusses Paul Tillich’s ontology against the background of Kant’s transcendental philosophy, and attempts to show that Tillich criticizes Kant’s critical demarcation of knowledge, on the one hand, and incorporates the categorial forms of Kant’s transcendental philosophy into his ontology, on the other. When constructing the concept of ontology, Tillich uses Kant’s categorical analysis and critique of metaphysics. Thus, Tillich’s approach to Kant’s epistemology is polemical and requires a deeper analysis. Like Kant, Tillich raises the question of what it means to exist and how this existence relates to God. Although Kant’s transcendental dialectic justifies the impossibility of proving God through intellectual operations, the mind can contemplate ultimate reality. For both thinkers, the main problem becomes the application of reason beyond its theoretical competence.
Ključne besede: Kant, Tillich, transcendental horizon, categories, ontology, finitude
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 21.10.2024; Ogledov: 37; Prenosov: 10
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Povzetek: We show that the universal $X$-generated $F$-inverse monoid $F(G)$, where ▫$G$▫ is an $X$-generated group, introduced by Auinger, Szendrei and the first-named author, arises as a quotient inverse monoid of the Margolis-Meakin expansion $M(G, X\cup \overline{G})$ of $G$, with respect to the extended generating set $X\cup \overline{G}$, where $\overline{G}$ is a bijective copy of $G$ which encodes the ▫$m$▫-operation in $F(G)$. The construction relies on a certain dual-closure operator on the semilattice of all finite and connected subgraphs containing the origin of the Cayley graph ${\rm Cay}(G, X\cup {\overline{G}})$ and leads to a new and simpler proof of the universal property of $F(G)$.
Ključne besede: inverse monoid, F-inverse monoid, Margolis-Meakin expansion, group presentation, Cayley graph of a group, closure operator, dual-closure operator, partial action, partial action product
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 21.10.2024; Ogledov: 39; Prenosov: 13
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Povzetek: Občanska znanost je koncept znanstvenoraziskovalnega dela, ki spodbuja odprt dialog med znanstveno in širšo skupnostjo, s čimer usmerja tudi družbeni razvoj. V Sloveniji je v zadnjem letu doživela pomemben razvoj, zlasti z vzpostavitvijo specializiranega spletnega portala citizenscience.si in nastankom Mreže občanske znanosti. Tudi Evropska unija je prispevala k napredku in vidnosti občanske znanosti, zlasti s financiranjem projektov. Poleg drugih organizacij, kot so muzeji in društva, ter posameznikov tudi univerze in raziskovalni inštituti prispevajo k razvoju občanske znanosti. Širijo in krepijo raziskovalne dejavnosti z vključevanjem javnosti in hkrati tudi izboljšujejo svoj družbeni položaj ter povečujejo zaupanje v znanost. Hkrati zagotavljajo infrastrukturo, znanje, veščine, etične in pravne okvire ter financiranje. V Sloveniji je vključevanje javnosti v znanost dolgoletna tradicija, ki je potekala pod različnimi imeni, dokler se ni utrdil izraz »občanska znanost« kot najprimernejši prevod. Centralna tehniška knjižnica Univerze v Ljubljani (CTK) že od leta 2017 sodeluje pri promociji in razvoju občanske znanosti v Sloveniji, z organizacijo strokovnih srečanj in pozneje tudi neposredno s podporo projektu občanske znanosti. Sodeluje z drugimi organizacijami pri pripravi dogodkov za spodbujanje sodelovanja med raziskovalci in knjižnicami ter širšo skupnostjo in aktivno deluje v mednarodnih organizacijah. V članku so podrobno predstavljeni vsebina portala citizenscience.si, ki ga je razvila Centralna tehniška knjižnica Univerze v Ljubljani, ter ustanovitev in delovanje Mreže občanske znanosti v Sloveniji.
Ključne besede: odprta znanost, občanska znanost, spletni portali, sodelovanje, Slovenija
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 21.10.2024; Ogledov: 43; Prenosov: 17
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