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243. The effectiveness of neuromuscular training warm-up program for injury preventionin adolescent male basketball playersArmin Paravlić, Peter Bakalár, Katarina Puš, Saša Pišot, Miloš Kalc, Kaja Teraž, Luka Šlosar, Manca Peskar, Uroš Marušič, Boštjan Šimunič, 2024, izvirni znanstveni članek Povzetek: This study evaluated the effects of a neuromuscular training (NMT) warm-up program on injury incidence,neuromuscular function, and program adherence, maintenance and acceptance in adolescent basketballplayers. A total of 275 players from 20 Slovenian teams (15 ± 1.7 years of age), were randomized into anintervention group (IG, n=129) and a control group (CG, n=146). Over three months, the IG incorporatedNMT into their warm-ups, while the CG followed their usual practice. Measurements of body anthro-pometry, muscle contractile properties, and balance were taken before and after the intervention. Also,the injury incidence, training adherence and maintenance were reported. Both groups showed improvedbalance, with no significant difference between them. However, IG demonstrated reduced delay times inspecific muscles, indicating improved neuromuscular function. Injury prevalence proportion (%) duringthe whole study period was higher in the control group compared to intervention (IG: 10.9% vs. CG:23.3%), and incidence rate. Moreover, the incidence rate ratio for sustaining an injury was 2.6 on average(ranging from 0.88 to 7.07 for tendon and muscle injuries, respectively), indicating significantly lowerinjury risk in IG than CG. These findings highlight the effectiveness of NMT warm-ups in reducing injuryrisk and enhancing neuromuscular function, emphasizing the value of structured injury preventionstrategies in youth sports.
Ključne besede: muscle contractile properties, balance, injury prevalence, training adherence
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 18.11.2024; Ogledov: 169; Prenosov: 93
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245. A multiphase eigenvalue problem on a stratified Lie groupDebajyoti Choudhuri, Leandro S. Tavares, Dušan Repovš, 2024, izvirni znanstveni članek Povzetek: We consider a multiphase spectral problem on a stratified Lie group.We prove the existence of an eigenfunction of $(2, q)$-eigenvalue problem on a bounded domain. Furthermore, we also establish a Pohozaev-like identity corresponding to the problem on the Heisenberg group.
Ključne besede: multiphase spectral problem, stratified Lie group, Heisenberg group, left invariant vector field, (2, q)-eigenvalue problem
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 15.11.2024; Ogledov: 178; Prenosov: 81
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246. Poročilo o posodobljenem vrednotenju stanja morskega okolja skladno z Morsko direktivo, Sklepom 848/2017, Uredbo o izvajanju Sklepa (EU) in smernicami Evropske komisije : zaključno poročilo, Končna posodobitev vrednotenja za D1, D2, D6 in D7Domen Trkov, Branko Čermelj, Ana Fortič, Janja Francé, Lovrenc Lipej, Borut Mavrič, Patricija Mozetič, Martina Orlando-Bonaca, Boris Petelin, Martin Vodopivec, 2024, končno poročilo o rezultatih raziskav Ključne besede: Okvirna direktiva o morski strategiji, deskriptorji kakovosti, vrednotenje stanja morskega okolja, morska biološka raznovrstnost, poročila
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 14.11.2024; Ogledov: 181; Prenosov: 725
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247. In vitro hepatic 3D cell models and their application in genetic toxicology : a systematic reviewMartina Štampar, Bojana Žegura, 2024, pregledni znanstveni članek Povzetek: The rapid development of new chemicals and consumer products has raised concerns about their potential genotoxic effects on human health, including DNA damage leading to serious diseases. For such new chemicals and pharmaceutical products, international regulations require genotoxicity data, initially obtained through in vitro tests, followed by in vivo experiments, if needed. Traditionally, laboratory animals have been used for this purpose, however, they are costly, ethically problematic, and often unreliable due to species differences. Therefore, innovative more accurate in vitro testing approaches are rapidly being developed to replace, refine and reduce (3R) the use of animals for experimental purposes and to improve the relevance for humans in toxicology studies. One of such innovative approaches are in vitro three-dimensional (3D) cell models, which are already being highlighted as superior alternatives to the two-dimensional (2D) cell cultures that are traditionally used as in vitro models for the safety testing of chemicals and pharmaceuticals. 3D cell models provide physiologically relevant information and more predictive data for in vivo conditions. In the review article, we provide a comprehensive overview of 3D hepatic cell models, including HepG2, HepG2/C3A, HepaRG, human primary hepatocytes, and iPSC-derived hepatocytes, and their application in the field of genotoxicology. Through a detailed literature analysis, we identified 31 studies conducted between 2007 and April 2024 that used a variety of standard methods, such as the comet assay, the micronucleus assay, and the γH2AX assay, as well as new methodological approaches, including toxicogenomics, to assess the cytotoxic and genotoxic activity of chemicals, nanoparticles and natural toxins. Based on our search, we can conclude that the use of in vitro 3D cell models for genotoxicity testing has been increasing over the years and that 3D cell models have an even greater potential for future implementation and further refinement in genetic toxicology and risk assessment.
Ključne besede: genotoxicity, advanced 3D in vitro models, hepatic cells, spheroids, comet assay, micronucleus assay, genotoxicology, toxicological studies
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 14.11.2024; Ogledov: 268; Prenosov: 118
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248. Species loss and decline in taxonomic diversity of macroalgae in the Gulf of Trieste (Northern Adriatic sea) over the last six decadesAnnalisa Falace, Giuseppina Alongi, Martina Orlando-Bonaca, Stanislao Bevilacqua, 2024, izvirni znanstveni članek Ključne besede: β-diversity, global change, marine biodiversity, taxonomic distinctness, Mediterranean Sea
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 14.11.2024; Ogledov: 206; Prenosov: 1930
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249. Mitochondria can substitute for parvalbumin to lowercytosolic calcium levels in the murine fast skeletal muscleLorenzo Marcucci, Leonardo Nogara, Marta Canato, Elena Germinario, Anna Raffaello, Michela Carraro, Paolo Bernardi, Laura Pietrangelo, Simona Boncompagni, Feliciano Protasi, Nazareno Paolocci, Carlo Reggiani, 2024, izvirni znanstveni članek Povzetek: Aim: Parvalbumin (PV) is a primary calcium buffer in mouse fast skeletal musclefibers. Previous work showed that PV ablation has a limited impact on cytosolicCa2+ ([Ca2+]cyto) transients and contractile response, while it enhances mitochon-drial density and mitochondrial matrix-free calcium concentration ([Ca2+]mito).Here, we aimed to quantitatively test the hypothesis that mitochondria act tocompensate for PV deficiency.Methods: We determined the free Ca 2+ redistribution during a 2 s 60 Hz tetanicstimulation in the sarcoplasmic reticulum, cytosol, and mitochondria. Via a re-action–diffusion Ca 2+ model, we quantitatively evaluated mitochondrial uptakeand storage capacity requirements to compensate for PV lack and analyzed pos-sible extracellular export.Results: [Ca 2+]mito during tetanic stimulation is greater in knock-out (KO)(1362 ± 392 nM) than in wild-type (WT) (855 ± 392 nM), p < 0.05. Under the as-sumption of a non-linear intramitochondrial buffering, the model predicts an ac-cumulation of 725 μmoles/Lfiber (buffering ratio 1:11 000) in KO, much higherthan in WT (137 μmoles/Lfiber, ratio 1:4500). The required transport rate via mi-tochondrial calcium uniporter (MCU) reaches 3 mM/s, compatible with availableliterature. TEM images of calcium entry units and Mn2+ quenching showed a greater capacity of store- operated calcium entry in KO compared to WT. However,levels of [Ca 2+]cyto during tetanic stimulation were not modulated to variations ofextracellular calcium.Conclusions: The model-based analysis of experimentally determined calciumdistribution during tetanic stimulation showed that mitochondria can act as abuffer to compensate for the lack of PV. This result contributes to a better under-standing of mitochondria's role in modulating [Ca2+]cyto in skeletal muscle fibers.
Ključne besede: calcium, mitochondria, mouse skeletal muscle fibers, parvalbumin, reaction-diffusion model
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 13.11.2024; Ogledov: 168; Prenosov: 2920
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250. Spaceflight on the ISS changed the skeletal muscle proteome of two astronautsMarta Murgia, Joern Rittweger, Carlo Reggiani, Roberto Bottinelli, Matthias Mann, Stefano Schiaffino, Marco Vicenzo Narici, 2024, izvirni znanstveni članek Povzetek: Skeletal muscle undergoes atrophy and loss of force during long space missions, when astronauts are persistently exposed to altered gravity and increased ionizing radiation. We previously carried out mass spectrometry-based proteomics from skeletal muscle biopsies of two astronauts, taken before and after a mission on the International Space Station. The experiments were part of an effort to find similarities between spaceflight and bed rest, a ground-based model of unloading, focused on proteins located at the costameres. We here extend the data analysis of the astronaut dataset and show compartment-resolved changes in the mitochondrial proteome, remodeling of the extracellular matrix and of the antioxidant response. The astronauts differed in their level of onboard physical exercise, which correlated with their respective preservation of muscle mass and force at landing in previous analyses. We show that the mitochondrial proteome downregulation during spaceflight, particularly the inner membrane and matrix, was dramatic for both astronauts. The expression of autophagy regulators and reactive oxygen species scavengers, however, showed partially opposite expression trends in the two subjects, possibly correlating with their level of onboard exercise. As mitochondria are primarily affected in many different tissues during spaceflight, we hypothesize that reactive oxygen species (ROS) rather than mechanical unloading per se could be the primary cause of skeletal muscle mitochondrial damage in space. Onboard physical exercise might have a strong direct effect on the prevention of muscle atrophy through mechanotransduction and a subsidiary effect on mitochondrial quality control, possibly through upregulation of autophagy and anti-oxidant responses.
Ključne besede: skeletal muscles, microgravity, muscle atrophy, autophagy
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 12.11.2024; Ogledov: 198; Prenosov: 283
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