101. Neuromuscular junction instability with inactivity : morphological and functional changes after 10 days of bed rest in older adultsStefano Schiaffino, Evgeniia Motanova, Fabio Sarto, Samuele Negro, Marco Pirazzini, Ornella Rossetto, Michela Rigoni, Daniel W Stashuk, Mladen Gasparini, Boštjan Šimunič, Rado Pišot, Marco Vincenzo Narici, 2025, izvirni znanstveni članek Povzetek: The neuromuscular junction (NMJ) plays a key role in modulating muscle contraction,but the impact of short-term disuse on NMJ structure and function, particularly in older humans,remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate NMJ alterations following 10 days of horizontalbed rest in 10 older males (68.5 ± 2.6 years). Before and after bed rest, vastus lateralis musclebiopsies were obtained to evaluate NMJ morphology, intramuscular EMG (iEMG) was recordedto assess NMJ function and blood samples were collected to determine circulating C-terminal agrinfragment (CAF) concentration, a biomarker of NMJ remodelling. In a sub-cohort of six participantswho had NMJs in both pre- and post-bed rest biopsies, we observed altered NMJ morphology,including reduced overlap between NMJ terminals, as well as increased endplate area and peri-meter. CAF concentration was elevated after bed rest, suggesting ongoing NMJ remodelling. iEMGanalysis showed increased motor unit potential complexity and reduced firing rate. In addition,we observed impaired NMJ transmission, inferred from increased near-fibre jiggle and segmentjitter. These findings suggest that older male individuals are susceptible to NMJ remodelling andimpaired transmission with short-term disuse, providing valuable insights into the morphologicaland functional consequences of inactivity in an ageing population. Our study highlights theimportance of developing interventions for mitigating the detrimental consequences of inactivityon neuromuscular health in older adults, which they frequently experience following injury, trauma,illness or surgery.
Ključne besede: ageing, C-terminal agrin, fragment disuse, electromyography, motor unit, NMJ unloading
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 19.03.2025; Ogledov: 118; Prenosov: 154
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102. Microplastics in sediments from the coastal area of the Boka Kotorska Bay on the Montenegrin coastNeda Bošković, Danijela Joksimović, Milica Peković, Oliver Bajt, 2020, izvirni znanstveni članek Povzetek: This is the first survey to investigate the occurrence and extent of microplastic contamination in sediments collected during the autumn of 2019 at five locations from the coastal area of the Boka Kotorska Bay on the Montenegrin coast. Microparticles in sediments were isolated by density separation in saturated aqueous NaCl-solutions and visually analyzed using an Olympus SZX16 microscope. Microplastic debris extracted from five samples of sediments were counted. The primary shape types by number were: filaments (78.61 %), fragments (8.56 %), granules (7.22 %), and films (5.61). All five sites sampled in 2019 were contaminated with microplastic particles, in the following sequence: Dobrota (68.72 %) > Bijela (12.57 %) > Tivat (7.75 %) > Sveta Nedjelja (6.42 %) > Orahovac (4.55 %).
Ključne besede: microplastics, sediment, Boka Kotorska Bay, Montenegro
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 19.03.2025; Ogledov: 119; Prenosov: 120
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103. Relationship between shell integrity of pelagic gastropods and carbonate chemistry parameters at a Scottish Coastal Observatory monitoring sitePablo León, Nina Bednaršek, Pam Walsham, Kathryn Cook, Susan E. Hartman, Deborah Wall-Palmer, Jennifer Hindson, Kevin Mackenzie, Lynda Webster, Eileen Bresnan, 2020, izvirni znanstveni članek Povzetek: Ocean acidification (OA), the anthropogenic carbon dioxide-induced changes in seawater carbonate chemistry, is likely to have a significant impact on calcifying plankton. Most planktonic studies on OA are based on “one-off” cruises focused on offshore areas while observations from inshore waters are scarce. This study presents the first analysis on the shell integrity of pelagic gastropods (holoplanktonic pteropods and planktonic larvae of otherwise benthic species) at the Scottish Coastal Observatory monitoring site at Stonehaven on the east coast of Scotland. The shell integrity of archived pelagic gastropods specimens from 2011 to 2013 was examined using Scanning Electron Microscopy and the relationship with OA (pH and aragonite saturation, Ωarg) and other environmental parameters was investigated. Evidence of shell dissolution was detected in all analysed taxa even though the seawater was supersaturated with respect to aragonite. The shell condition matched the temporal pattern observed in Ωarg, with higher proportion of dissolution associated with decreasing Ωarg, suggesting that the seasonality component of carbonate chemistry might affect the shell integrity of pelagic gastropods. The proportion of shell dissolution differed significantly between larvae and adult stages of pteropods, supporting the hypothesis that early-life stages would be more vulnerable to OA-induced changes. Our data also suggest that sensitivity to OA may differ even between closely related taxonomic groups. The strong interannual variability revealed by the year-to-year shell dissolution and Ωarg illustrates the difficulty in assessing the plankton response to OA in the field and the value of time series studies.
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 19.03.2025; Ogledov: 91; Prenosov: 122
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104. New Alien Mediterranean Biodiversity Records : (November 2021)Fabio Crocetta, Sara A. A. Al-Mabruk, Ernesto Azzurro, Rigers Bakiu, Michel Bariche, Ioannis E. Batjakas, Tarek Bejaoui, Jamila Ben Souissi, Justin Cauchi, Maria Corsini-Foka, Alan Deidun, Julian Evans, Johann Galdies, Raouia Ghanem, Thodoros E. Kampouris, Stelios Katsanevakis, Lovrenc Lipej, Manja Rogelja, 2021, pregledni znanstveni članek Povzetek: This Collective Article includes records of 29 alien and cryptogenic species in the Mediterranean Sea, belonging to eight Phyla (Rhodophyta, Ochrophyta, Cnidaria, Annelida, Mollusca, Arthropoda, Echinodermata, and Chordata) and coming from 11 countries. Notes published here can be divided into three different categories: occupancy estimation for wide areas, new records for the Mediterranean Sea, and new records of species expanding within the Mediterranean Sea. The first category includes a visual survey held along the coastline of Peloponnese (Greece), which yielded records of 15 species. The second category includes the first Mediterranean records of the Coho salmon Oncorhynchus kisutch (Greece) and of the Arabian monocle bream Scolopsis ghanam (Tunisia). The third category includes new records for countries (Ganonema farinosum in Malta, Cassiopea andromeda in Libya, Cingulina isseli in Greece, Okenia picoensis in Italy, Callinectes sapidus in Slovenia, Charybdis cf. hellerii in Malta, Urocaridella pulchella in Cyprus, Ablennes hians and Aluterus monoceros in Lebanon, and Fistularia petimba in Greece and Lebanon), new records for MSFD areas or regional seas (Septifer cumingii in the Greek Ionian Sea and F. petimba in the Marmara Sea), and confirmation of old, doubtful, or spurious records/statements (Branchiomma luctuosum in Tunisia, Thalamita poissonii in the Saronikos Gulf, and Pterois miles in Albania). Noteworthy, the three new records of F. petimba suggest that it may soon spread further in the Mediterranean Sea, as already happened for its congeneric Fistularia commersonii. Distributional data reported here will help tracing colonization routes of alien species in the basin and may facilitate the development of mitigation measures.
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 19.03.2025; Ogledov: 98; Prenosov: 328
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105. The impact of sewage discharge on nutrients and community production in a lagoon environment (Lagoon of Strunjan, Gulf of Trieste, northern Adriatic Sea) - a revisited experimentJadran Faganeli, 2021, izvirni znanstveni članek Povzetek: A specially constructed enclosure in the lagoon environment (Lagoon of Strunjan, Gulf of Trieste, northern Adriatic Sea) received sewage daily while another was kept clean and used as a reference. Nutrients and community production changes were monitored approximately bimonthly over a year. Nutrients introduced by the sewage discharges and diluted by tides were immobilized by enhanced community production, in particular benthic macroalgae. The dead organic matter afterwards settled and decomposed producing anoxic conditions and high levels of dissolved and suspended organic nutrients in the water and total nitrogen in the sediments. The daily mean gross community production showed no quantitative differences between the two enclosures during the study. Differences arose in the temporal succession of the studied events. An intensive nutrient recycling emerged from this study.
Ključne besede: carbon, lagoons, nutrients, northern Adriatic, oxygen, production (biology)
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 19.03.2025; Ogledov: 101; Prenosov: 127
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106. Status of the invasive blue crab Callinectes sapidus Rathbun, 1896 (Brachyura: Portunidae) in SloveniaLovrenc Lipej, Manja Rogelja, 2021, izvirni znanstveni članek Povzetek: Authors present data regarding the presence of the invasive blue crab Callinectes sapidus Rathbun, 1896 (Brachyura: Portunidae) based on records gathered from local fishermen. This alien species was firstly recorded in Slovenian coastal waters in March 2019 and it was subsequently found in six other cases in 2019, 2020 and 2021. Crabs were collected or sighted in shallow coastal areas along the Slovenian coast. In addition, authors discussed about the status of the blue crab in marine and coastal habitats of Slovenia.
Ključne besede: Adriatic Sea, invasive species, presence (bioloogy), Slovenia
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 19.03.2025; Ogledov: 106; Prenosov: 370
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107. Short-term changes in microbial communities in the water column around the fish farm in the Bay of PiranValentina Turk, Tinkara Tinta, 2021, izvirni znanstveni članek Povzetek: A multidisciplinary approach was used to study the impact of fish farming on coastal bacterial communities in the inner part of the Bay of Piran (northern Adriatic). Differences in bacterial abundance, production and the occurrence of selected bacterial groups were studied in the water column around the cage and at different distances from the centre of the fish cage towards the open water, i.e., reference marine station. We also examined the effect of fish feeding on the surrounding system in a short-term in situ experiment based on the simultaneous collection of seawater samples from different locations around the fish cage before and after feeding of fish. Our study suggests that fish feeding has a moderate short-term effect on water column parameters, including bacterial abundance and production, only at a limited distance from the fish cages. The nitrifying, ammonia-oxidizing bacterial groups, as determined by the fluorescent in situ hybridization method, were represented at a higher percentage in the seawater samples in the middle and around the fish cages. β- Proteobacteria, γ-Proteobacteria and the Cytophaga-Flavobacterium group were represented to a higher percentage at sampling sites in the middle of the Bay of Piran and at the reference marine station. The Vibrio group was detected at all sampling sites. The accumulation of organically enriched fish food and waste products released into the seawater during the short-term experiment resulted in a significant increase in particulate matter, orthophosphate and ammonium. In response to the increase in inorganic nutrients, we observed a significant increase in bacterial production, while no significant differences were observed in bacterial abundance in such short time.
Ključne besede: aquaculture, bacterial abundance, bacterial community composition, bacterial production, fluorescent in situ hybridisation, pollution
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 19.03.2025; Ogledov: 93; Prenosov: 155
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108. New records of rare species in the Mediterranean Sea (December 2022)Federica Montesanto, Marco Albano, D. Ayas, Federico Betti, Gioele Capillo, Melih Ertan Çinar, Maria Corsini-Foka, Fabio Crocetta, Ertan Dağli, Lovrenc Lipej, Manja Rogelja, Domen Trkov, Leon Lojze Zamuda, 2022, izvirni znanstveni članek Povzetek: This Collective Article presents information on 20 taxa belonging to five (5) Phyla: Cnidaria (2), Mollusca (8), Arthropoda (4), Echinodermata (1) and Chordata (5) recorded from the Alboran Sea to the Levantine Sea. These new records were found in seven (7) different ecoregions as follows: Alboran Sea: new record of the rare football octopus Ocythoe tuberculata in the harbour of Algeciras (Spain); Western Mediterranean Sea: first record of the isopod Arcturinella deltensis in the Ligurian Sea, and the third in the whole Mediterranean Sea; third Mediterranean site for the Muricidae Coralliophila ahuiri along the Italian coasts (Alghero); first and westernmost record of the goby Corcyrogobius liechtensteini from the Iberian Peninsula; new record of the sea slug Glaucus atlanticus from the coast of the Iberian Peninsula; first and easternmost record of Holothuria (Vaneyothuria) lentiginosa lentiginosa along the Italian coasts; Tunisian Plateau/Gulf of Sidra: seventh record of the oceanic squid Thysanoteuthis rhombus in Tunisia, and first for the Gulf of Gabes. Ionian Sea: second occurrence of the Atlantic tripletail Lobotes surinamensis in the Ionian Sea and first record from the Strait of Messina area; new record of the rare sea elephant Pterotrachea coronata from the Strait of Messina; Adriatic Sea: first record of a facies of football ascidian Diazona violacea in the South Adriatic Sea (Tremiti Island, Italy); two records of the sevengill shark Heptranchias perlo in Croatian waters after more than 70 years of absence of documented records in this area; first known occurrence of the nudibranch Jalonus hyalinus in Slovenian waters and also the first known occurrence of this species in the Adriatic Sea; first record of the nudibranch Okenia elegans in Slovenian waters; Aegean Sea: First record of the parasitic isopod Nerocila milesensis along Greek coasts (Crete island) as well as the second record worldwide; additional record of the brachyuran Paragalene longicrura collected from the Saronikos Gulf (Greece); first record of the siphonophore Rhizophysa filiformis in Greek waters as well as the second record of this species in the eastern Mediterranean basin; new record of the rare and protected angelshark Squatina aculeata along Turkish coasts; Levantine Sea: first record of the marine amphipod Caprella andreae in the Levantine Mediterranean shore of Israel, based on both morphological and molecular data; first occurrence of the cephalopod Tremoctopus violaceus along Turkish coasts, which confirms its presence in the north-eastern coasts of Turkey; record of a bloom of the thermophilic jellyfish Pelagia noctiluca in the north Levantine Sea.
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