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Povzetek: In Slovenia the Ural Owl, Strix uralensis macroura, is on the north-western limit of its distribution with an estimated population size of 400-700 breeding pairs. The densities of territories range between 0.9 to 13.4 territories per 10 km2, and the highest densities are reached in montane forests of the southern Dinaric region. In the forests with dominant deciduous trees, e.g. Fagus sylvatica and Quercus robur, the breeding densities are significantly higher than in the forests with a higher proportion of coniferous trees, e.g. Picea abies. The species does not select specific altitude and throughout Slovenia it occurs between 150 and 1600 m a.s.l. Most natural nests were found in tree holes or semi-holes (56%) and on the tree stumps (20%). Breeding begins between 15 March to 21 June with median clutch sizes of 3.0 eggs per nest. In the brood there are 2 young and 1.5 young are fledged in median. At present 75% of nests produce at least one young. Voles and Mice are the most frequent prey in the diet, but the Fat Dormouse, Glis glis, seems to have very important role in the post-breeding period. As a top predator, the Ural Owl influences also the distribution of other owl species in the guild through direct predation or competitive exclusion. However, it could have also a positive indirect effect on smaller species, e.g. Tengmalm’s Owl, Aegolius funereus, which are tolerated within Ural Owl territories, and are able to extend their distribution due to exclusion from certain areas of the Tawny Owl, Strix aluco, by the Ural Owl.
Ključne besede: distribution, breeding density, habitat, breeding biology, interactions, Slovenia
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 05.08.2024; Ogledov: 273; Prenosov: 192
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Povzetek: Aurelia aurita s.l. is the most widespread scyphozoan jellyfish that recurrently appear “en mass” and forms large aggregations mainly in coastal waters, embayments and estuaries. Beside anthropogenic factors controlling jellyfish populations climate change may play an important role. The aim of this study was to assess whether climate-related factors in absence of other anthropogenically induced stressor influence medusae size. We investigated seasonal and interannual changes in the size of Aurelia in a “jelly lake” in the National Park of Mljet Island (Croatia) where minimal human impact on the environment makes the Veliko Jezero a natural mesocosm for understanding the impact of climate change on the Aurelia population. The observed changes suggest Aurelia medusa population response to changing environment, in particular to enhanced temperature, by reduced body sizes. Comparison of Aurelia population dynamics from different regions in the Mediterranean Sea revealed the unique feature of the Veliko Jezero population. Despite the similarity of the environmental windows of medusae occurrences in the Veliko Jezero and regions in the Mediterranean Sea, medusae in the Veliko Jezero are present all year round. It seems that the lake bathymetry enables medusae to vertically migrate to deeper and cooler water layer, avoiding the limiting temperatures developed in the upper layer during the summer. These conditions may prolong the Aurelia medusae life span and together with continuous strobilation support the stability of the Aurelia medusae population all year round.
Ključne besede: Mediterraneum, moon jellyfish, Adriatic Sea, South Adriatic Sea, marine lakes, Aurelia spp, climate-related factor, Mediterranean Sea, marine research, population dynamics
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 05.08.2024; Ogledov: 262; Prenosov: 130
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Povzetek: During two cruises of the MEDUZA experiment conducted in July 2003 and May 2005 various data were obtained over the deepest part of the southern Adriatic Pit. Temperature, salinity, light transmission and fluorescence were measured in July 2003. During May 2005, except CTD measure- ments the samples were taken for laboratory determination of phytoplankton pigments with HPLC technique. During both cruises irradiance and radiance were measured at 14 wavelengths in the range 340-715 nm with optical probe to about 100 m depth. Bad weather conditions during both cruises caused interruption of measurements that continued after 24 to 48 hours. Stormy conditions have resulted in a slightly different structure of the water column. In the periods of measurements recorded were diurnal rhythms in a series of parameters, caused by solar radiation cycles in the surface layers as well as fluctuations in the deeper layers under the influence of the internal tide. Meteorological conditions and changes in sea level are also described. The analysis included the principal component and correlation analysis between the measured and derived parameters in order to establish a link between the in-situ pigments and multispectral data. During both cruises diurnal vertical oscillations were observed in biotic and abiotic parameters. Chlorophyll pigments prevailed over other pigments preventing other pigments to be distinguished spectrally. Regression models for chlorophyll a were established from radiance and reflectance ratios.
Ključne besede: termohaline properties, vertical migrations, Adriatic, South Adriatic Sea, diurnal rhithm, open sea, internal tide, Adriatic
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 05.08.2024; Ogledov: 408; Prenosov: 246
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Povzetek: In order to assess the spatial distribution and temporal trends of pollution with metals in the coastal sea of Slovenia, the level of metallothioneins (MT) was determined in blue mussels from three sampling locations, twice per year for a period of 10 years. MT concentrations ranged from 45 to 163 μg g-1 w.w. in March, and from 46 to 144 μg g-1 w.w. in the September sampling. The metals content was determined in whole mussel tissue once per year at two stations. The cadmium (Cd) concentration was in the range from 0.50 to 1.11 mg kg-1, while the concentration of mercury (Hg) was in the range from 0.70 to 0.237 mg kg-1. Results revealed no significant seasonal differences or differences between sampling sites in MT content, as well as variations in the content of Cd and Hg in mussels’ tissue during the examined period. The MT and metal content in mussels are not well correlated and other factors may have caused the fluctuations observed in MT content between years. This supports the notion that biomonitoring data have to be interpreted cautiously, taking into account various other factors that may influence MT induction.
Ključne besede: monitoring, coastal waters, biodiversity, bio-indicators, macrozoobenthos, metallothioneins, biocoenoses, ecological aspects, Gulf of Trieste
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 05.08.2024; Ogledov: 799; Prenosov: 137
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Povzetek: We describe different aspects of the reproductive biology, mating behavior, and vibratory communication of the pentatomid Edessa meditabunda (Fabr.). This species shows lower copulation frequency and reproductive potential with longer sexual maturation period compared to other species of pentatomids. Females with multiple mating show increased fecundity when compared with single-mated females and both increased fecundity and reduced longevity when compared with virgin females. Courtship and mating behavior and vibratory signals are typical and similar to what was observed in other species of pentatomids, except that males started the courtship. These results constitute the first paper on biology, behavior, and vibratory communication among species of the subfamily Edessinae.
Ključne besede: animal ecology, animal communication
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 05.08.2024; Ogledov: 408; Prenosov: 291
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