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Povzetek: Digital PCR (dPCR) is beginning to supersede real-time PCR (qPCR) for quantification of nucleic acids in many different applications. Several analytical properties of the two most commonly used dPCR platforms, namely the QX100 system (Bio-Rad) and the 12.765 array of the Biomark system (Fluidigm), have already been evaluated and compared with those of qPCR. However, to the best of our knowledge, direct comparison between the three of these platforms using the same DNA material has not been done, and the 37 K array on the Biomark system has also not been evaluated in terms of linearity, analytical sensitivity and limit of quantification. Here, a first assessment of qPCR, the QX100 system and both arrays of the Biomark system was performed with plasmid and genomic DNA from human cytomegalovirus. With use of PCR components that alter the efficiency of qPCR, each dPCR platform demonstrated consistent copy-number estimations, which indicates the high resilience of dPCR. Two approaches, one considering the total reaction volume and the other considering the effective reaction size, were used to assess linearity, analytical sensitivity and variability. When the total reaction volume was considered, the best performance was observed with qPCR, followed by the QX100 system and the Biomark system. In contrast, when the effective reaction size was considered, all three platforms showed almost equal limits of detection and variability. Although dPCR might not always be more appropriate than qPCR for quantification of low copy numbers, dPCR is a suitable method for robust and reproducible quantification of viral DNA, and a promising technology for the higher-order reference measurement method.
Ključne besede: real-time PCR, molecular diagnostics, human cytomegalovirus, DNA quantification, digital PCR
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 25.07.2024; Ogledov: 314; Prenosov: 190
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Ključne besede: texture analysis, ultrasonography, tendinosis
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 25.07.2024; Ogledov: 306; Prenosov: 122
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Povzetek: Dissolved oxygen has known paramagnetic effects in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The aim ofthis study was to compare the effects of normobaric oxygenation (NBO) and hyperbaric oxygenation (HBO) on hu-man brain MRI signal intensities.Patients and methods. Baseline brain MRI was performed in 17 healthy subjects (mean age 27.8 ± 3.2). MRI wasrepeated after exposure to the NBO and HBO at different time points (0 min, 25 min, 50 min). Signal intensities in T1-weighted, T2-weighted images and fluid attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) signal intensities of several intracranialstructures were compared between NBO and HBO.Results. Increased T1-weighted signal intensities were observed in white and deep grey brain matter, cerebrospinalfluid (CSF), venous blood and vitreous body after exposure to NBO as well as to HBO compared to baseline (Dunnett’stest, p < 0.05) without significant differences between both protocols. There was also no significant difference in T2-weighted signal intensities between NBO and HBO. FLAIR signal intensities were increased only in the vitreous bodyafter NBO and HBO and FLAIR signal of caudate nucleus was decreased after NBO (Dunnett’s test, p < 0.05). Thestatistically significant differences in FLAIR signal intensities were found between NBO and HBO (paired t-test, p < 0.05)in most observed brain structures (paired t-test, p < 0.05).Conclusions. Our results show that NBO and HBO alters signal intensities T1-weighted and FLAIR images of humanbrain. The differences between NBO and HBO are most pronounced in FLAIR imaging.
Ključne besede: hyperbaric oxygen, normobaric oxygen, magnetic resonance, human brain
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 25.07.2024; Ogledov: 272; Prenosov: 114
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Povzetek: Background. The evidence shows that risk-based strategy could be implemented to avoid unnecessary harm in mammography screening for breast cancer (BC) using age-only criterium. Our study aimed at identifying the uptake of Slovenian women to the BC risk assessment invitation and assessing the number of screening mammographies in case of risk-based screening.Patients and methods. A cross-sectional population-based study enrolled 11,898 women at the age of 50, invited to BC screening. The data on BC risk factors, including breast density from the first 3,491 study responders was col-lected and BC risk was assessed using the Tyrer-Cuzick algorithm (version 8) to classify women into risk groups (low, population, moderately increased, and high risk group). The number of screening mammographies according to risk stratification was simulated. Results. 57% (6,785) of women returned BC risk questionnaires. When stratifying 3,491 women into risk groups, 34.0% were assessed with low, 62.2% with population, 3.4% with moderately increased, and 0.4% with high 10-year BC risk. In the case of potential personalised screening, the number of screening mammographies would drop by 38.6% com-pared to the current screening policy. Conclusions. The study uptake showed the feasibility of risk assessment when inviting women to regular BC screen-ing. 3.8% of Slovenian women were recognised with higher than population 10-year BC risk. According to Slovenian BC guidelines they may be screened more often. Overall, personalised screening would decrease the number of screening mammographies in Slovenia. This information is to be considered when planning the pilot and assessing the feasibility of implementing population risk-based screening.
Ključne besede: breast cancer screening, personalised screening, risk assessment, mammography
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 25.07.2024; Ogledov: 279; Prenosov: 235
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Povzetek: Background. Awake craniotomy is a neurosurgical technique that allows neurophysiological testing with patient cooperation during the resection of brain tumour in regional anaesthesia. This allows identification of vital functional (i.e. eloquent) brain areas during surgery and avoidance of their injury. The aim of the study was to present clinical experience with awake craniotomy for the treatment of gliomas at the University Medical Centre Ljubljana from 2015 to 2019.Patients and methods. Awake craniotomy was considered in patients with a gliomas near or within the language brain areas, in all cases of insular lesions and selected patients with lesions near or within primary motor brain cortex. Each patient was assessed before and after surgery.Results. During the 5-year period, 24 awake craniotomies were performed (18 male and 6 female patients; average age 41). The patient’s cooperation, discomfort and perceived pain assessed during the awake craniotomy were in majority of the cases excellent, slight, and moderate, respectively. After surgery, mild neurological worsening was observed in 13% (3/24) of patients. Gross total resection, in cases of malignant gliomas, was feasible in 60% (6/10) and in cases of low-grade gliomas in 29% (4/14). The surgery did not have important negative impact on functional status or quality of life as assessed by Karnofsky score and Short-Form 36 health survey, respectively (p > 0.05). Conclusions. The results suggest that awake craniotomy for treatment of gliomas is feasible and safe neurosurgical technique. The proper selection of patients, preoperative preparation with planning, and cooperation of medical team members are necessary for best treatment outcome.
Ključne besede: awake craniotomy, surgery of gliomas, intraoperative neurophysiological testing, primary brain tumours, clinical experiences
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 25.07.2024; Ogledov: 249; Prenosov: 385
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