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174. Taming the terminological tempest in invasion scienceIsmael Soto, Paride Balzani, Laís Carneiro, Ross N. Cuthbert, Rafael L. Macêdo, Ali Serhan Tarkan, Danish A. Ahmed, Alok Bang, Karolina Bacela-Spychalska, Sarah A Bailey, Natalia I. Kirichenko, 2024, izvirni znanstveni članek Povzetek: Standardised terminology in science is important for clarity of interpretation and communication. In invasion science – a dynamic and rapidly evolving discipline – the proliferation of technical terminology has lacked a standardised framework for its development. The result is a convoluted and inconsistent usage of terminology, with various discrepancies in descriptions of damage and interventions. A standardised framework is therefore needed for a clear, universally applicable, and consistent terminology to promote more effective communication across researchers, stakeholders, and policymakers. Inconsistencies in terminology stem from the exponential increase in scientific publications on the patterns and processes of biological invasions authored by experts from various disciplines and countries since the 1990s, as well as publications by legislators and policymakers focusing on practical applications, regulations, and management of resources. Aligning and standardising terminology across stakeholders remains a challenge in invasion science. Here, we review and evaluate the multiple terms used in invasion science (e.g. ‘non-native’, ‘alien’, ‘invasive’ or ‘invader’, ‘exotic’, ‘non-indigenous’, ‘naturalised’, ‘pest’) to propose a more simplified and standardised terminology. The streamlined framework we propose and translate into 28 other languages is based on the terms (i) ‘non-native’, denoting species transported beyond their natural biogeographic range, (ii) ‘established non-native’, i.e. those non-native species that have established self-sustaining populations in their new location(s) in the wild, and (iii) ‘invasive non-native’ – populations of established non-native species that have recently spread or are spreading rapidly in their invaded range actively or passively with or without human mediation. We also highlight the importance of conceptualising ‘spread’ for classifying invasiveness and ‘impact’ for management. Finally, we propose a protocol for classifying populations based on (i) dispersal mechanism, (ii) species origin, (iii) population status, and (iv) impact. Collectively and without introducing new terminology, the framework that we present aims to facilitate effective communication and collaboration in invasion science and management of non-native species.
Ključne besede: biological invasion, classification, communication, non-English language, non-native, polysemy, synonymy
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175. Biological invasions are a population-level rather than a species-level phenomenonPhillip Joschka Haubrock, Ismael Soto, Danish A. Ahmed, Ali R. Ansari, Ali Serhan Tarkan, Irmak Kurtul, Rafael L. Macêdo, Adrián Lázaro-Lobo, Mathieu Toutain, Ben Parker, Natalia I. Kirichenko, 2024, izvirni znanstveni članek Povzetek: Biological invasions pose a rapidly expanding threat to the persistence, functioning and service provisioning of ecosystems globally, and to socio-economic interests. The stages of successful invasions are driven by the same mechanism that underlies adaptive changes across species in general—via natural selection on intraspecific variation in traits that influence survival and reproductive performance (i.e., fitness). Surprisingly, however, the rapid progress in the field of invasion science has resulted in a predominance of species-level approaches (such as deny lists), often irrespective of natural selection theory, local adaptation and other population-level processes that govern successful invasions. To address these issues, we analyse non-native species dynamics at the population level by employing a database of European freshwater macroinvertebrate time series, to investigate spreading speed, abundance dynamics and impact assessments among populations. Our findings reveal substantial variability in spreading speed and abundance trends within and between macroinvertebrate species across biogeographic regions, indicating that levels of invasiveness and impact differ markedly. Discrepancies and inconsistencies among species-level risk screenings and real population-level data were also identified, highlighting the inherent challenges in accurately assessing population-level effects through species-level assessments. In recognition of the importance of population-level assessments, we urge a shift in invasive species management frameworks, which should account for the dynamics of different populations and their environmental context. Adopting an adaptive, region-specific and population-focused approach is imperative, considering the diverse ecological contexts and varying degrees of susceptibility. Such an approach could improve and refine risk assessments while promoting mechanistic understandings of risks and impacts, thereby enabling the development of more effective conservation and management strategies.
Ključne besede: Europe, freshwater macroinvertebrates, long-term trends, non-native species, populationspread, population-level dynamics, risk assessments
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 19.02.2025; Ogledov: 142; Prenosov: 65
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176. Patients with detectable KIT p.D816V in peripheral blood are at high risk for adverse systemic events during venom immunotherapy and treatment failureAjda Demšar Luzar, Jakob Otorepec, Mitja Košnik, Peter Kopač, Julij Šelb, Peter Korošec, Matija Rijavec, 2024, izvirni znanstveni članek Ključne besede: immunology, allergy to poison Hymenoptera, peripheral leukocytes, venom immunotherapy
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177. Cellular and humoral response after induction of protection and after finishing Hymenoptera venom immunotherapyAjda Demšar Luzar, Matija Rijavec, Mitja Košnik, Urška Bidovec, Jerneja Debeljak, Mihaela Zidarn, Peter Kopač, Peter Korošec, 2024, izvirni znanstveni članek Ključne besede: Hymenoptera venom immunotherapy, sting challenge, biomarkers, serology, basophil activation test, follow-up
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178. Priročnik za trajnostno gospodarjenje z gozdovi : izdelek projekta Life SySTEMiC: Priročnik za trajnostno gospodarjenje z gozdovi za 8 drevesnih vrstCristina Vettori, Roberta Ferrante, Cesare Garosi, Francesco Parisi, Davide Travaglini, Donatella Paffetti, Sanja Bogunović, Mladen Ivanković, Anđelina Gavranović Markić, Barbara Škiljan, Zvonimir Vujnović, Miran Lanšćak, Francesca Logli, Marko Bajc, Rok Damjanić, Natalija Dovč, Tine Grebenc, Tijana Martinović, Tanja Mrak, Tina Unuk Nahberger, Nataša Šibanc, Marjana Westergren, Hojka Kraigher, Andrej Breznikar, Kristina Sever, slovar, enciklopedija, leksikon, priročnik, atlas, zemljevid Ključne besede: sonaravno gospodarjenje, klimatske spremembe, trajnostno gospodarjenje z gozdovi, sonaravno gospodarjenje z gozdovi, gozdovi, priročniki
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179. Handbook for sustainable forest managementCristina Vettori, Roberta Ferrante, Cesare Garosi, Francesco Parisi, Davide Travaglini, Donatella Paffetti, Sanja Bogunović, Mladen Ivanković, Anđelina Gavranović Markić, Barbara Škiljan, Zvonimir Vujnović, Miran Lanšćak, Francesca Logli, Marko Bajc, Rok Damjanić, Natalija Dovč, Tine Grebenc, Tijana Martinović, Tanja Mrak, Tina Unuk Nahberger, Nataša Šibanc, Marjana Westergren, Hojka Kraigher, Andrej Breznikar, Kristina Sever, 2024, slovar, enciklopedija, leksikon, priročnik, atlas, zemljevid Ključne besede: Close-to-nature, forest sustainable management, climate changes, forests, handbook
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180. Blood transcriptomics identifies multiple gene expression pathways associated with the clinical efficacy of Hymenoptera venom immunotherapyAjda Demšar Luzar, Peter Korošec, Mitja Košnik, Mihaela Zidarn, Matija Rijavec, 2024, izvirni znanstveni članek Povzetek: Allergen-specific venom immunotherapy (VIT) is a well-established therapy for Hymenoptera venom allergy (HVA). However, the precise mechanism underlying its clinical effect remains uncertain. Our study aimed to identify the molecular mechanisms associated with VIT efficiency. We prospectively included 19 patients with HVA undergoing VIT (sampled before the beginning of VIT, after reaching the maintenance dose, one year after finishing VIT, and after a sting challenge) and 9 healthy controls. RNA sequencing of whole blood was performed on an Illumina sequencing platform. Longitudinal transcriptomic profiling revealed the importance of the inhibition of the NFκB pathway and the downregulation of DUX4 transcripts for the early protection and induction of tolerance after finishing VIT. Furthermore, successful treatment was associated with inhibiting Th2, Th17, and macrophage alternative signalling pathways in synergy with the inhibition of the PPAR pathway and further silencing of the Th2 response. The immune system became activated when reaching the maintenance dose and was suppressed after finishing VIT. Finally, successful VIT restores the immune system’s balance to a state similar to that of healthy individuals. Our results underline the important role of the inhibition of four pathways in the clinical effect of VIT: Th2, Th17, NFκB, and macrophage signalling. Two biomarkers specific for successful VIT, regardless of the time of sampling, were C4BPA and RPS10-NUDT3 and should be further tested as potential biomarkers.
Ključne besede: Hymenoptera venom immunotherapy, longitudinal transcriptomic profiling, tolerance induction, successful venom immunotherapy
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 19.02.2025; Ogledov: 125; Prenosov: 81
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