61. Different belowground responses to elevated ozone and soil water deficit in three European oak species (Quercus ilex, Q. pubescens and Q. robur)Tanja Mrak, Ines Štraus, Tine Grebenc, Jožica Gričar, Yasutomo Hoshika, Giulia Carriero, Elena Paoletti, Hojka Kraigher, 2019, izvirni znanstveni članek Povzetek: Effects on roots due to ozone and/or soil water deficit often occur through diminished belowground allocation of carbon. Responses of root biomass, morphology, anatomy and ectomycorrhizal communities were investigated in seedlings of three oak species: Quercus ilex L., Q. pubescens Willd. and Q. robur L., exposed to combined effects of elevated ozone (ambient air and 1.4 x ambient air) and water deficit (100% and 10% irrigation relative to field capacity) for one growing season at a free-air ozone exposure facility. Effects on root biomass were observed as general reduction in coarse root biomass by -26.8 % and in fine root biomass by -13.1 % due to water deficit. Effect on coarse root biomass was the most prominent in Q. robur (-36.3 %). Root morphological changes manifested as changes in proportions of fine root (<2 mm) diameter classes due to ozone and water deficit in Q. pubescens and due to water deficit in Q. robur. In addition, reduced fine root diameter (-8.49 %) in Q. robur was observed under water deficit. Changes in root anatomy were observed as increased vessel density (+18.5 %) due to ozone in all three species, as reduced vessel tangential diameter (-46.7 %) in Q. ilex due to interaction of ozone and water, and as generally increased bark to secondary xylem ratio (+47.0 %) due to interaction of ozone and water. Water deficit influenced occurrence of distinct growth ring boundaries in roots of Q. ilex and Q. robur. It shifted the ectomycorrhizal community towards dominance of stress-resistant species, with reduced relative abundance of Tomentella sp. 2 and increased relative abundances of Sphaerosporella brunnea and Thelephora sp. Our results provide evidence that expression of stress effects varies between root traits; therefore the combined analysis of root traits is necessary to obtain a complete picture of belowground responses.
Ključne besede: ozone, drought, fine roots, ectomycorrhiza, anatomy, morphology, plants
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 20.02.2020; Ogledov: 2083; Prenosov: 1350
 Celotno besedilo (1,03 MB)
Gradivo ima več datotek! Več... |
62. Seasonal radial growth of Black pine (Pinus nigra Arnold) from Bosnia and Herzegovina, monitored by the pinning method and manual band dendrometersSimon Poljanšek, Jernej Jevšenak, Jožica Gričar, Tom Levanič, 2019, izvirni znanstveni članek Povzetek: Despite numerous dendroclimatological investigations into different tree species from Bosnia and Herzegovina, information is lacking on intra-annual wood formation patterns, which would help us to interpret the climate signal in tree rings better. Using the pinning method and manual band dendrometers, we investigated the seasonal dynamics of radial growth of black pine (Pinus nigra Arnold) trees in two successive growing seasons: 2011 and 2012. The up to 60-year-old trees grew in a stand at the base of a hill in the western, mountainous part of the Balkan Peninsula. The seasonal dynamics of wood formation and final number of cells differed between the studied years. Wood formation started in both years in early to mid-March. Differences were noticed in the wood production culmination; in 2011 it occurred at the end of May and beginning of June in 2012 and 2011, respectively. Xylem growth finished in 2012 in the middle of August and in 2011 in the middle of September. Based on the first derivative of the Gompertz function calculated rate of xylem growth was lowest in 2011. The dendrometers recorded a slow increment rate in spring, higher in summer and a decreasing rate again in the late summer in both growing seasons. In comparison with pinning, dendrometers showed a delay in the start of radial growth of up to 20 days in 2012. Additionally, dendrometers showed an increase in stem girth after the end of both growing seasons, when wood formation was already completed. Deviations between the two methods could be ascribed to the influence of water storage dynamics in the main stem and numerous structural processes in bark tissue, which are captured in dendrometer data. The influence of weather conditions on xylem phenology is also indicated by differences between the two studied years, although it is difficult to identify the influence of particular short-term weather events.
Ključne besede: pinning, manual dendrometers, radial growth, Pinus nigra, cambium, Balkan Peninsula
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 11.09.2019; Ogledov: 4826; Prenosov: 3893
Celotno besedilo (2,14 MB)
Gradivo ima več datotek! Več... |
63. |
64. |
65. |
66. Uporaba nadzorovanih poskusov za raziskave debelinske rasti drevesJožica Gričar, 2009, izvirni znanstveni članek Ključne besede: kambij, ogrevanje, ogrevanje, hlajenje, kambijeva aktivnost, celična diferenciacija, ksilogeneza, floemogeneza
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 12.07.2017; Ogledov: 4473; Prenosov: 1936
Celotno besedilo (308,32 KB) |
67. Dinamika ksilogeneze pri gradnu v letu 2007Jožica Gričar, 2008, izvirni znanstveni članek Povzetek: S svetlobnim mikroskopom smo raziskali sezonsko dinamiko nastanka lesa pri gradnu (Quercus sessiliflora Salisb.) v rastni sezoni 2007. Konec marca so se delitve v kambiju že začele in število celic je naraslo na 10-11 slojev. Maksimalno celično produkcijo smo na ksilemski strani zabeležili v drugi polovici maja, ko smo ugotovili prek 100 ?m prirastka na teden. Kambijeva aktivnost se je zaključila do sredine avgusta in število celic je upadlo na 5-7 slojev. Oblikovanje sekundarne stene in lignifikacija v terminalnih celicah kasnega lesa pa sta potekala še nadaljnjih 4-5 tednov. Dinamika nastanka lesa pri gradnu se razlikuje od debelinske rasti iglavcev.
Ključne besede: Quercus sessiliflora, ksilogeneza, kambijeva aktivnost, traheja, rani les, kasni les
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 12.07.2017; Ogledov: 4548; Prenosov: 1947
Celotno besedilo (552,63 KB) |
68. Razmerje med ksilemskim in floemskim prirastkom pri jelki (Abies alba Mill.)Luka Krže, Jožica Gričar, Katarina Čufar, 2007, izvirni znanstveni članek Povzetek: Pri 10 zdravih jelkah (Abies alba) smo raziskali anatomsko zgradbo floemskih branik (FB) glede na njihovo širino, razmerje med številom slojev celic v FB in v ksilemskih branikah (KB) iste sezone, razlike v številu slojev celic v FBin KB po obodu posameznega drevesa ter zvezo med širino FB in KB, nastalih vistem letu, ter širino dormantne kambijeve cone (KC). Intaktne vzorce tkiv zaraziskave smo vzeli iz živih dreves v letih 2001 in 2002 ter pripravili preparate prečnih prerezov za svetlobno mikroskopijo. Ugotovili smo zvezo med širino in anatomsko zgradbo FB. Pri ožjih FB je prevladoval rani floem, pri širših pa kasni. Pri širših FB se je v kasnem floemu lahko pojavil dodatni pasaksialnega parenhima. KB so bile 2- do 21-krat širše od FB. Širina KB je poobodu posameznega drevesa bolj variirala kot širina FB. Širina dormantne KC je bila v pozitivni zvezi s širino FB in KB.
Ključne besede: navadna jelka, Abies alba Mill., prirastek, ksilem, floem, kambijeva cona
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 12.07.2017; Ogledov: 4578; Prenosov: 2003
Celotno besedilo (3,06 MB) |
69. Use of different growth paramaters of Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) to study tree response to climateTom Levanič, Risto Jalkanen, Jožica Gričar, M. Gagen, Primož Oven, 2006, izvirni znanstveni članek Povzetek: In the paper, potential analysis of various growth parameters of Norway spruceare introduced at the macro and micro levels. Dendroecological measurements give information as to xylem growth ring widths, their density and content of stable isotopes in the xylem growth rings. Needle trace method of the terminal annual shoot allows retrospective view into needle density ofthe terminal annual shoot and consequently reconstruction of the several parameters linked to the needles and air pollution. Using pinning method, it is possible to follow intra-annual dynamics of the radial growth of trees at the cellular level and furthermore investigate the effect of climatic factorson cambial activity.
Ključne besede: Norway spruce, multiproxy analysis, dendroecology, pinning, needle trace method
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 12.07.2017; Ogledov: 4421; Prenosov: 1809
Celotno besedilo (4,90 MB) |
70. Sezonska dinamika ksilogeneze in floemogeneze pri navadni jelki (Abies alba Mill.)Jožica Gričar, Primož Oven, Katarina Čufar, 2005, izvirni znanstveni članek Povzetek: Preučili smo dinamiko nastajanja ksilemskega in floemskega letnega prirastnegaplašča oz. branike pri navadni jelki (Abies alba) v rastni sezoni 2003. Vzorce floema, kambija in ksilema smo vsak teden vzeli iz dveh navideznozdravih odraslih jelk. Raziskave s svetlobnim mikroskopom so pokazale, da se je na floemski strani začela diferenciacija enega do dveh slojev floemskih derivatov še pred začetkom kambijeve aktivnosti. Kambijeva delitvena aktivnost se je začela hkrati na ksilemski in floemski strani v začetku maja. Kambijeva aktivnost se je zaključila konec avgusta. Diferenciacija terminalnih traheid kasnega lesa je potekala do konca oktobra, floemskih celic pa do konca septembra. Število celic, nastalih na ksilemski strani, je bilo večje kot na floemski. Zdi se, da je bila po obodu drevesa širina ksilemske branike bolj variabilna od floemske.
Ključne besede: navadna jelka, Abies alba Mill., kambij, ksilem, floem, traheide, sitaste celice, diferenciacija
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 12.07.2017; Ogledov: 4409; Prenosov: 1809
Celotno besedilo (822,96 KB) |
