241. O totalitariumuDean Komel, 2023, izvirni znanstveni članek Povzetek: Filozofske, zgodovinopisne, sociološke, politološke, kulturološke in druge raziskave totalitarizma v 20. stoletju se osredotočajo na njegovo »družbeno pojavnost«, brez uvida, da je takšna »družbena pojavnost« lahko sama totalizirajoča glede horizonta sveta kot celote bivajočega, čeprav ga jemlje kot svojo »objektivno predpostavko«. Totalitarnost kot totalitarium se opolnomočuje s postavljanjem sveta, ki ga diktira totalizacija družbene subjektivitete. Prav tako je sistem produkcije, ki ga opredeljuje tehnoznanstveni napredek in se globalno kapitalizira, potrebno dojeti v kontekstu opolnomočenja družbene subjektivitete, ki se funkcionalno »objektivira« v totalitarium. Totalitarium vzpostavljajo različni bloki in cone funkcioniranja, vendar ne v zgodovinskem zaporedju, marveč kot konjunktura urejanj razporejanj, podrejanj in preurejanj, ki vsepovsod prevzemajo oblast.
Ključne besede: totalitarium, totalitarnost, družba, subjektiviteta, svet
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 23.10.2024; Ogledov: 61; Prenosov: 21
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242. Metaphysics and Transhumanism : Reflections on “Calculative Rationality”Tonči Valentić, 2023, strokovni članek Povzetek: The paper delves into the complex dynamics between ancient metaphysical understandings and contemporary transhumanist aspirations. Exploring the roots of metaphysics, it provides a panoramic overview of its key philosophers and concepts, and how it has evolved in the context of modern cognitive challenges. In addition, an in-depth analysis of transhumanism, its biotechnological visions, and influence on classical philosophical thought is provided. Special attention is paid to a critical review of transhumanism through the prism of prominent authors, such as Bishop, Lilley, and Sorgner, and it is analyzed how transhumanism redefines classical philosophical categories. The central part of the research is aimed at synthesizing metaphysical and transhumanist worldviews, exploring points of convergence and separation. The conclusion emphasizes the key findings and implications of the research, pointing to potential directions for future research, and reflects on the permanent role of metaphysics in the age of transhumanism.
Ključne besede: transhumanism, metaphysics, the technosphere, perception, reality
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 23.10.2024; Ogledov: 92; Prenosov: 24
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243. The Achievements of the Politics of Friendship : Jacques Derrida's Upcoming CommunityŽarko Paić, 2023, izvirni znanstveni članek Povzetek: The problem with the disappearance of absolute sovereignty from Bodin to Schmitt, as Derrida views it within his late (ethical-political) deconstruction, is that there no longer exists a sufficient reason for any effectiveness of representing the Other. Reasons are reducible to this or that form of violence. Everything must be dismantled and disassembled. What remains of sovereignty becomes contingency and singularity of the space between power and freedom. In this space, Derrida begins with the view of the Other and unconditional hospitality as a deconstruction of previous metaphysical politics of hospitality. The Other must be emancipated from the perspective of the subject’s metaphysics and its inherent violence. In the discourse of politics of friendship lies the ground for democracy to come as a final soteriological solution for other headings of history.
Ključne besede: politics of friendship, upcoming community, Jacques Derrida, deconstruction of sovereignty, violence, the Other
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 23.10.2024; Ogledov: 74; Prenosov: 22
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244. Levinas vs. Maldiney : On the Face of Sensible NaturePetr Prášek, 2023, izvirni znanstveni članek Povzetek: If environmental ethics would be a part of politics, as Levinas suggests, it would run the danger of privileging human interests and downplaying the power of nature’s own ethical call. This is why the present article against Levinas argues that nature needs and has a face in the strong ethical sense. It begins by extracting the definitional criteria of the face from Levinas, and then—through an excursion into the work of Maldiney, whose relevance for eco-phenomenology it wants to highlight—follows some of the attempts to extend the concept of face beyond human ethics. Thus, the article concludes that sensible nature, giving itself as Maldiney’s event, does not have a human face, but the encounter with its transcendence in its various facialities has a similar ethical force, from which an eco-phenomenological ethics of nature could grow.
Ključne besede: eco-phenomenology, environmental ethics, nature, face, Levinas, Maldiney
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 23.10.2024; Ogledov: 207; Prenosov: 35
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245. Narcis brez narcizmaMario Kopić, 2023, strokovni članek Povzetek: Mit o Narcisu velja za zgodbo o kazni, ki jo naslovni junak prejme, ker se zaljubi sam vase. Z upoštevanjem interpretacij mita o Narcisu pri Ovidu, Freudu, Lacanu, Dalíju, Blanchotu, Girardu, Kofmanovi in Nancyju, avtor skuša pokazati, da je takšna interpretacija, četudi nam nekaj pove o izvoru mita samem, napačna. Mit o Narcisu ne govori o obsedenosti s sabo, saj Narcis, za razliko današnjih narcisistov, ne prepozna samega sebe v ogledalu in ne ve, da gleda samega sebe. Vidi obraz, ki se mu zdi prelep, tako lep, da si ga strastno želi in se bo v njem končno tudi izgubil. Vidi tujca.
Ključne besede: Narcis, narcizem, psihoanaliza, zrcalni stadij, Salvador Dalí, Ovid
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 23.10.2024; Ogledov: 81; Prenosov: 24
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246. Gesture and Liturgical GestureVirgilio Cesarone, 2023, pregledni znanstveni članek Povzetek: The usual interpretations of gestuality presuppose that a gesture accompanies the expressive action, whereby it itself almost disappears, in order to make way for what the person gesturing wants to show as appertaining to his or her interiority. The intention of the present paper is to demonstrate how a gesture cannot be considered as something extraneous to thought, but belongs to the human posture in its being-in-the-world, and thus seamlessly gives rise to the manifestation of the self in the symbolic framework of reference to a common meaningful horizon. The gestuality of liturgy serves as a particularly noteworthy example of such a phenomenological-hermeneutic interpretation of gesture.
Ključne besede: gesture, liturgy, Romano Guardini, play, symbolic field
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 23.10.2024; Ogledov: 69; Prenosov: 25
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247. „Tendenz auf mehr Leben“ : Arnold Gehlen als PhilosophCathrin Nielsen, 2023, izvirni znanstveni članek Povzetek: “Tendency towards more life.” Arnold Gehlen as a Philosopher
According to Arnold Gehlen, man is defined by a unique biological helplessness and can thus be considered as a perilous being with a “constitutive chance to fail.” Through the latter, the human being is forced to assume a relation to itself; however, not on the basis of a stable naturality, but as the open nature as such. Within the nonfixed and hence unlikely biology of man, reaching as far as the vegetative itself, lies a specific dignity—from it, the question arises how such a monstruous, formless, and fragile being is capable of survival. Gehlen’s philosophy is distinguished by the circumstance that it incorporates the physical conditionality of man and thus demonstrates the necessity for biology to emerge from a sort of positive negativity. Yet, the focus of the present contribution is not primarily the hierarchy of accomplishments, with which man seeks to turn deficiency into the positivity of a quasi-animalistic certitude, but Gehlen’s philosophical insight into the self-surpassing, the surplus of life that has, in nature, developed an extensive formal richness and that has, in man, begun to relate to itself. Such insights place Gehlen into the tradition of Plato’s and, above all, Nietzsche’s philosophical anthropology.
Ključne besede: Friedrich Nietzsche, Arnold Gehlen, philosophical anthropology, surplus, self-relation
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 23.10.2024; Ogledov: 83; Prenosov: 21
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248. Über das nichts-sagende Schweigen : Ein phänomenologischer Versuch einer Annäherung an das Fragwürdige in Martin Heideggers SigetikJohannes Vorlaufer, 2023, pregledni znanstveni članek Povzetek: On Non-Saying Silence. A Phenomenological Attempt at an Approach Towards
the Questionable in Martin Heidegger’s Sigetics
Although silence can be understood from its non-saying, the “non-” of this nonsaying cannot simply be determined from the negation of saying, but is carried by a certain multiplicity. In a demarcation from, for example, mere silencing, the contribution pursues Heidegger’s question to what extent silence in its non-saying is saying in the sense of showing, insofar as it points to an original dimension of the letting-spring of a source, of which the early Heidegger already speaks in Being and Time, when at one point he seeks to understand the self of selfhood as silence. At the same time, perhaps here an access to the later Heidegger’s concept of serenity can be opened up.
Ključne besede: silence, stillness, listening, self, letting-be
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 23.10.2024; Ogledov: 49; Prenosov: 18
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249. Gemeinschaft als Denkform : Wie man Kant mit Fink, Nancy und Esposito sozialphilosophisch wendetArtur R. Boelderl, 2023, pregledni znanstveni članek Povzetek: Community as a Form of Thinking. How One Turns Kant Towards Social
Philosophy with Fink, Nancy, and Esposito
In the times of nihilism, it is necessary to recall, with Roberto Esposito, the fact that, strictly speaking, in philosophy and its history, there is no other subject than community, insofar as everything that becomes the subject of philosophy can only become so because of the fact that there is community. That communality is a form of thinking or that the latter is constitutively communal, is another way of expressing what Emmanuel Levinas once put in the more succinct phrase that in consciousness one is always in two, even if one is alone. In order to explain the implications of this, I draw a line in my essay from Kant’s Critique of Pure Reason (specifically, its “positive” definition of being as “merely the position of a thing” [B 626], which receives much less attention than its negative aspect emphasized in the same passage, according to which being is not a real predicate) to the readings of Kant by Eugen Fink, Jean-Luc Nancy, and the aforementioned Roberto Esposito, in order to arrive at an understanding of being as an exposition of the disposition of things in us, i.e., as community.
Ključne besede: social philosophy, community, Immanuel Kant, categorical imperative, co-existence
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 23.10.2024; Ogledov: 69; Prenosov: 21
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250. Nihilismus als operativer BegriffDragan Prole, 2023, pregledni znanstveni članek Povzetek: Nihilism as an Operative Concept
At the famous colloquium in Royaumont 1957, which was dedicated to Husserl’s phenomenology, Eugen Fink spoke about the difference between the thematic and the operative concepts. In contrast with the great philosophical themes, the operative concepts represent the source, from which they emerge. Operative concepts are a kind of thought shadows, the invisible that does not appear within the thematization. The contribution seeks to establish the concept of nihilism as an operative concept of modernity. At the same time, it emphasizes Fink’s idea of ontology as an attempt, not at accepting the idea of nothing, but at its expulsion from the field of philosophical sight. Therefore, nihilism can be considered, on the one hand, as a contemporary phenomenon, but also, on the other hand, as timeless, since ontology itself seems to be, from its beginning onwards, a form of nihilism.
Ključne besede: Eugen Fink, phenomenology, nihilism, modernity, ontology
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 23.10.2024; Ogledov: 113; Prenosov: 29
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