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Povzetek: For a set ${\mathcal Q}$ of points in the plane and a real number $\delta \ge 0$, let $\mathbb{G}_\delta({\mathcal Q})$ be the graph defined on ${\mathcal Q}$ by connecting each pair of points at distance at most $\delta$. We consider the connectivity of $\mathbb{G}_\delta({\mathcal Q})$ in the best scenario when the location of a few of the points is uncertain, but we know for each uncertain point a line segment that contains it. More precisely, we consider the following optimization problem: given a set ${\mathcal P}$ of $n-k$ points in the plane and a set ${\mathcal S}$ of $k$ line segments in the plane, find the minimum $\delta \ge 0$ with the property that we can select one point $p_s\in s$ for each segment $s\in {\mathcal S}$ and the corresponding graph $\mathbb{G}_\delta( {\mathcal P}\cup \{ p_s\mid s\in {\mathcal S}\})$ is connected. It is known that the problem is NP-hard. We provide an algorithm to exactly compute an optimal solution in ${\mathcal O}(f(k) n \log n)$ time, for a computable function $f(\cdot)$. This implies that the problem is FPT when parameterized by $k$. The best previous algorithm uses ${\mathcal O}((k!)^k k^{k+1}\cdot n^{2k})$ time and computes the solution up to fixed precision.
Ključne besede: computational geometry, uncertainty, geometric optimization, fixed parameter tractability, parametric search
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 13.05.2024; Ogledov: 415; Prenosov: 308
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Povzetek: V prispevku je opazovan diskurz, ki se je v Avstrijskem primorju (zlasti v Trstu) sple-tal okrog razprav o higienizaciji in asanaciji urbanega prostora. Pri tem so izpostavljeni od konca 19. stoletja naraščajoč družbeni pomen higiene v najširšem smislu, zavedanje o pomenu bivanjskih pogojev v urbanem prostoru ter vpliv socialnih okoliščin na otroško umr-ljivost. Slednja je bila namreč eden ključnih medicinskih, higienskih, moralnih in političnih argumentov za prikaz pomanjkljivih prizadevanj na področju zdravstvene preventive ter hkrati podlaga za širjenje modernih, z napredkom povezanih (meščanskih) idej, tudi skozi imperative, ki so naslavljali materinsko nego. Poleg tega je kvantitativni del analize podobno kot za Trst tudi za Koper vsaj deloma pokazal, da je bil velik delež smrti med otroki do petega leta starosti verjetno povezan prav s socialno deprivacijo tako z vidika higiene in prehrane kot profilakse in medicinske kurative.
Ključne besede: higienizacija, bivanjske razmere, otroška umrljivost, Trst, Koper, 1870–1914
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 10.05.2024; Ogledov: 453; Prenosov: 275
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Povzetek: The authors studied the structure of the coastal fish assemblage in a temperate coral reef within a marine protected area in order to provide a baseline information on the occurrence and temporal distribution of fish and to highlight the importance of the coral reef to ichthyofauna. The coastal fish assemblage was investigated at two sites in Veliko jezero (Mljet National Park) in the southern Adriatic Sea with a non-destructive SCUBA visual technique in the period from 2013 to 2021. Altogether, 38 fish taxa were recorded on the right bank (coral reef) and 36 species on the left bank. The presence of the coral reef at a depth range between 9 m to 12 m is the main factor differentiating the fish fauna in these two areas, which are otherwise governed by the same environmental factors. At the coral reef a decrease in fish diversity was discovered with a steady regression from 2013 to 2021.
Ključne besede: fish fauna, spatial heterogeneity, Mediterranean coral reef, Cladocora caespitosa, marine protected area, Veliko jezero
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 10.05.2024; Ogledov: 388; Prenosov: 344
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Povzetek: Colorectal surgery is associated with a high incidence of postoperative infections. Early clinical signs are difficult to distinguish from the systemic inflammatory response related to surgical trauma. Timely diagnosis may significantly improve the outcome. The objective of this study was to compare a new biomarker index CD64 for neutrophils (iCD64n) with standard biomarkers, white blood cell (WBC) count, neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR), C-reactive protein (CRP) and procalcitonin (PCT) for the early detection of postoperative infection. Methods. The prospective study included 200 consecutive patients with elective colorectal cancer surgery. Postoperative values of biomarkers from the postoperative day (POD) 1 to POD5 were analysed by the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis to predict infection. The Cox regression model and the Kaplan-Meier method were used to assess prognostic factors and survival. Results. The increase of index CD64n (iCD64n) after surgery, expressed as the ratio iCD64n after/before surgery was a better predictor of infection than its absolute value. The best 30-day predictors of all infections were CRP on POD4 (AUC 0.72, 99% CI 0.61%0.83) and NLR on POD5 (AUC 0.69, 99% CI 0.57%0.80). The best 15-day predictors of organ/ space surgical site infection (SSI) were the ratio iCD64n on POD1 (AUC 0.72, 99% CI 0.58%0.86), POD3 (AUC 0.73, 99% CI 0.59%0.87) and CRP on POD3 (AUC 0.72, 99% CI 0.57%0.86), POD4 (AUC 0.79, 99% CI 0.64%0.93). In a multivariate analysis independent risk factors for infections were duration of surgery and perioperative transfusion while the infection itself was identified as a risk factor for a worse long-term survival. Conclusions. The ratio iCD64n on POD1 is the best early predictor of intra-abdominal infection after colorectal cancer surgery. CRP predicts the infection with the same predictive value on POD3.
Ključne besede: colorectal surgery, index CD64n, postoperative infection
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 10.05.2024; Ogledov: 514; Prenosov: 193
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Povzetek: Background. Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the most common type of lung cancer and remains an important cause of cancer death worldwide. Platinum-based chemotherapy (PBC) for NSCLC can modify outcome while the risk of cardiotoxicity remains poorly researched. We aimed to evaluate the incidence and severity of cardiac injury during PBC in patients with NSCLC and to identify patients at risk. Methods. This was a single-centre, prospective, observational study of patients with early and advanced stage NSCLC referred for PBC. In addition to standard care, patients were examined and evaluated for cardiotoxicity before the first dose (visit 1), at the last dose (visit 2) and 6 months after the last dose of PBC (visit 3). Cardiotoxicity (at visit 2 and 3) was defined as increase in the ultrasensitive troponin T, N-terminal pro-B type natriuretic peptide or decrease in left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF). Results. Overall, 41 patients (mean age 61 +/- 9; 54% men; 68% advanced lung cancer) were included. The median number of PBC cycles was 4. During the study period, there were no incidents of heart failure, and 3 deaths caused by tumour progression were recorded. The mean values of biomarkers and LVEF did not change significantly (p > 0.20). However, 10 (25%) had cardiotoxicity which was independently associated with a history of ischemic heart disease (p = 0.026). Conclusions. In NSCLC, cardiac assessment and lifestyle modifications may be pursued in patients with a history of cardiac disease and in patients with longer life expectancy.
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 10.05.2024; Ogledov: 409; Prenosov: 269
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